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Midges (Chironomidae: Diptera) in Australian freshwater lakes and upland streamsWright, Ian A., University of Western Sydney, College of Science, Technology and Environment, School of Environment and Agriculture January 2005 (has links)
This thesis revealed Australian lakes to be richer in chironomid (Diptera: Insecta) species than was previously recognised. A methodology for the collection of chironomid exuviae from lakes was developed using a 12-month study of exuviae from a single lake, Lake McKenzie, Jervis Bay. The method is a rapid and effective way to produce an inventory of species living within a lake. In addition, a distinct biogeographical pattern was detected for chironomid species from a survey of chironomids from southern and eastern Australian freshwater lakes. Geographical location of the lake was more influential on the distribution of chironomid species than was the type of lake. The majority of lake dwelling chironomid species in this investigation were restricted to lakes within one of four geographic lake regions; Tasmania, south-eastern Australian mainland, Fraser Island or tropical north Queensland. A temporal investigation of chironomid exuviae was conducted on a pair of small upland Blue Mountain waterways. Abundance and species richness of exuviae exhibited diurnal patterns. A chemical and macro-invertebrate survey of zinc and sewage organic waste discharges to upland streams in the Blue Mountains detected marked ecological impairment. Macro-invertebrate families responded in different ways to the two different types of waste discharge. According to the family-level results, chironomid larvae responded negatively (reduced abundance) to the zinc pollution and positively (increased abundance) to the sewage pollution. Another major finding from this thesis was that chironomid species assemblages, in the streams surveyed, were strongly impaired by zinc-contaminated mine drainage and sewage effluent. This differed to the family-level larval results. This thesis provided the first Australian evidence that many chironomid species are intolerant of heavy-metal pollution. This research also revealed further evidence that many chironomids species are intolerant of sewage pollution. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Effects of temperature on the development, behaviour and geography of blowflies in a forensic context /Richards, Cameron Spencer. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D. (Zoology & Entomology)) - Rhodes University, 2008.
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Cross-resistance in DDT-resistant strains of Culex quinquefascatus say (Diptera : Culicidae) /Paragas, Bonifacia P., Yupha Rongsriyam, January 1979 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.Sc. (Tropical Medicine))--Mahidol University, 1979.
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Blow fly oivposition [i.e. oviposition] (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in mid-Michigan in relation to sunrise and sunsetZurawski, Kristi Nichole. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Entomology, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Aug. 4, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-65). Also issued in print.
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Experimental transmission of vesicular stomatitis virus by certain biting DipteraFerris, Deam Hunter. January 1953 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1953. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-142).
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Aplikace molekulárních metod na identifikaci nekrofágních zástupců řádu Diptera, typických pro Jihomoravský krajMifková, Tamara January 2016 (has links)
Necrophagous insects plays an important role, especially in forensic practice, especially in determining the time of death. This work was aimed to monitor necrophagous species of the Diptera order in selected localities of South Moravian Region - Rakvice and Sokolnice. Furthermore, these necrophagous species were identified with anatomical-morphological and molecular genetic methods, which have been compared to each other. For this purpose it was necessary to isolate a DNA segment and amplify cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene by the PCR method and with further processing to obtain the sequence of selected individuals from the mitochondrial genome. The results of the experiment more coincided with morphological identification database BOLD outputs than with outputs from the BLAST database. Anatomical and morphological identification cannot always accurately determine the genus and species necrophags, the assesment is not dependent not only on the development stage of the insect and its condition, but also on the expertise of the determinator. Most accurater results are achieved with use the combination of anatomical and morphological and molecular-genetic methods of determination, which is confirmed by the results of this thesis.
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Descrição dos estágios imaturos e mecanismos de alimentação de uma espécie de Alipumilio sp. n. (Diptera, Syrphidae) que vive sob a resina de Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae)Massardo, Darli January 2009 (has links)
É descrita e ilustrada uma nova espécie de Alipumilio Shannon (Diptera, Syrphidae), associada à resina de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae). Além disso, descrevem-se os estágios imaturos do inseto, o mecanismo de alimentação e danos correspondentes aos tecidos da planta, com base nas microscopias óptica, de varredura, cortes anatômicos e testes histoquímicos. As fêmeas de Alipumilio sp. n. ovipositam nos ramos de S. terebinthifolius onde as larvas recém-eclodidas escavam os tecidos da planta, formando galerias e causando a exudação de resina para o exterior da planta, em meio a qual a larva se desenvolve e da qual se alimenta. Quanto ao dano correspondente, há necrose nos tecidos adjacentes à galeria, alterações nos elementos de vaso e na espessura da parede celular das células do raio, demonstrando que a planta reage contra a herbivoria. O estágio de pupa se desenvolve também sob a resina. A semelhança da larva, neste estágio a troca gasosa com o meio externo é realizada por meio de sifões.
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Controle biológico natural de Diaphania hyalinata e Diaphania nitidalis em pepino / Natural biological control of Diaphania hyalinata and Diaphania nitidalis in cucumberGonring, Alfredo Henrique Rocha 23 August 2000 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2000-08-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar o controle biológico natural de Diaphania hyalinata L. e Diaphania nitidalis Stoll (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), nos híbridos de pepino Sprint 440 II e Vlasstar. Para tanto, foram quantificadas as causas de mortalidade destes lepidópteros no campo e a partir destas, confeccionaram-se tabelas de vida ecológicas. Na fase de ovo, a predação por Crysoperla sp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) foi o fator mais importante de mortalidade de D. hyalinata, juntamente com a formiga predadora Paratrechina sp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) e o parasitóide Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Já para D. nitidalis os fatores mais importantes de mortalidade de ovos foram a predação por Paratrechina sp. e o parasitismo por T. pretiosum. O mais importante agente de mortalidade de pupas de D. hyalinata e D. nitidalis foi a predação por Labidus coecus Latr. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). A larva foi à fase crítica de mortalidade para D. hyalinata e D. nitidalis. O 4o e 5o ínstares larvais foram os ínstares críticos de mortalidade para D. hyalinata. Já para D. nitidalis 3o e 5° foram os ínstares críticos de mortalidade. Os fatores-chave de mortalidade para D. hyalinata foram o controle biológico natural de lagartas pelos predadores Polybia ignobillis Haliday (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) (no 4o ínstar) e Polybia scutellaris White (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) e o parasitóide Diptera: Tachinidae (no 5o ínstar). Já para D. nitidalis os fatores-chave de mortalidade foram a predação de lagartas de 3o ínstar por P. ignobilis, o parasitismo por Braconidae sp.3, chuva e distúrbios na ecdise no 5° ínstar. / The objective of this research was to study the biological control of Diaphania hyalinata L. and Diaphania nitidalis Stoll (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on the cucumber cultivars Sprint 440 II and Vlasstar. The causes of mortality of these moths were evaluated in the field with the objective of construct ecological life tables for these insects. The predation by Crysoperla sp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Paratrechina sp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and parasitism by Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) were the most important factor of eggs losses of D. hyalinata. The mortality at egg stage of D. nitidalis was mainly influenced by Paratrechina sp. and T. pretiosum. The predation by Labidus coecus Latr. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) was the most important agent of pupae mortality in D. hyalinata and D. nitidalis species. The larval stages of D. hyalinata and D. nitidalis were considered to be the most critical as it showed the highest mortality. The forth and fifth instars of D. hyalinata and the third and fifth instars of D. nitidalis were the most critical stage of these insects. The key mortality factors of D. hyalinata were the predation of larvae by Polybia ignobillis Haliday (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) (forth instar) and Polybia scutellaris White (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) and the parasitism by Diptera: Tachinidae (fifth instar). The key mortality factors of D. nitidalis were the predation of third instar larvae by P. ignobilis, and for fifth instar larvae were: parasitism by Braconidae sp.3, rainfall and failure in ecdisis.
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Dinâmica tritrófica experimental em populações de moscas varejeirasReigada, Carolina [UNESP] 02 March 2009 (has links) (PDF)
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reigada_c_dr_botib.pdf: 707121 bytes, checksum: 37dd5135f3f6ba5f2a6f63010b2bf2d0 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Este estudo teve a finalidade de analisar empírica e teoricamente a dinâmica de sistemas bi e tritróficos constituídos por dípteros e parasitóides, sob condições experimentais. Para tanto, cinco capítulos foram organizados para a apresentação dos resultados: (1) Sobrevivência da fauna de parasitóides associada a moscas varejeiras em Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; (2) Implicações da escolha do hospedeiro para parasitóides generalistas; (3) 0 papel de parasitóides generalistas na regulação de hospedeiros: resposta funcional e numérica; (4) Relações tróficas e efeito cascata: proposta experimental com meta-análise e (5) Predação intraguilda governa persistência modulando canibalismo e parasitismo em interações tritróficas. Os dípteros hospedeiros foram as espécies da família Calliphoridae Cochiliomya macellaria, Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya putoria, Chrysomya albiceps e Lucilia sericata. Um levantamento faunístico foi realizado para se conhecer os parasitóides associados aos dípteros califorídeos da região de Botucatu. Foram encontradas nove espécies parasitóides durante dois anos de coleta. Dos parasitóides amostrados, quatro espécies foram selecionadas para investigar aspectos ecológicos da interação hospedeiro-parasitóide, tais como: escolha de hospedeiros, resposta funcional e numérica, relações tróficas e potencial dos parasitóides como agentes reguladores da população de hospedeiros. Uma análise da dinâmica tritrófica foi feita com auxílio de modelagem matemática adequada aos dados obtidos na experimentação. As relações entre predador e presa intraguilda, canibalismo do predador e ação do parasitóide sobre presa e predador intraguilda foram analisados sob a ótica empírica e teórica, valendo-se de experimentos laboratoriais e modelagem ecológica. Os resultados apresentados nos cinco capítulos mostram aspectos ecológicos... / A survey of the parasitoid fauna associated with blowflies was carried out in one rural, one urban, and one wild area of the municipality of Botucatu, State of São Paulo, Brazil, over two years (2005-2007). For the survey, larvae and pupae of five blowfly species, Chrysomya albiceps, C. megacephala, C. putoria, Cochliomya macellaria, and Lucilia sericata were offered as hosts in traps. The following species of Chalcidoidea were found: Nasonia vitripennis, Pachycrepoideus vindemiae, Tachinaephagus zealandicus, Spalangia endius, Spalangia dozieri, two species of Tachinobia and Eurytoma sp. Also was found a species of Diapriidae (Proctotrupoidea). In general, parasitoid species were more abundant during winter and spring, periods with low temperature, humidity, and rainfall. The general parasitism frequency was influenced only by the humidity, i.e., when humidity was low, the parasitoid occurrence was high. Chrysomya albiceps, L. sericata, and C. putoria were the most parasitized species. The highest parasitoid occurrence was in the rural area, and the most abundant species were N. vitripennis, P. vindemiae, and T. zealandicus
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Descrição dos estágios imaturos e mecanismos de alimentação de uma espécie de Alipumilio sp. n. (Diptera, Syrphidae) que vive sob a resina de Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae)Massardo, Darli January 2009 (has links)
É descrita e ilustrada uma nova espécie de Alipumilio Shannon (Diptera, Syrphidae), associada à resina de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae). Além disso, descrevem-se os estágios imaturos do inseto, o mecanismo de alimentação e danos correspondentes aos tecidos da planta, com base nas microscopias óptica, de varredura, cortes anatômicos e testes histoquímicos. As fêmeas de Alipumilio sp. n. ovipositam nos ramos de S. terebinthifolius onde as larvas recém-eclodidas escavam os tecidos da planta, formando galerias e causando a exudação de resina para o exterior da planta, em meio a qual a larva se desenvolve e da qual se alimenta. Quanto ao dano correspondente, há necrose nos tecidos adjacentes à galeria, alterações nos elementos de vaso e na espessura da parede celular das células do raio, demonstrando que a planta reage contra a herbivoria. O estágio de pupa se desenvolve também sob a resina. A semelhança da larva, neste estágio a troca gasosa com o meio externo é realizada por meio de sifões.
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