Submitted by Paulo Armando Panunzio null (330698) on 2016-03-15T14:50:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VERSÃOFINALTESE24022016V22.pdf: 3679161 bytes, checksum: 20211476e30e236ed54da33d4530b7e1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-03-15T17:27:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 panunzio_pa_dr_guara.pdf: 3679161 bytes, checksum: 20211476e30e236ed54da33d4530b7e1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T17:27:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 panunzio_pa_dr_guara.pdf: 3679161 bytes, checksum: 20211476e30e236ed54da33d4530b7e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-16 / A proposta dessa Tese é o projeto e desenvolvimento de um sistema de fornecimento de energia elétrica conectada à rede sem a utilização de circuitos eletrônicos complexos. O sistema eletroeletrônico convencional utiliza um inversor de frequência que transfere a potência ativa do nível de tensão e corrente CC para o nível compatível com a rede elétrica CA em frequência, tensão e sincronismo de fases. Já o desenvolvimento do projeto teve como parte experimental a utilização de indutores adequados com valores variáveis de 200 mH a 500 mH entre os painéis fotovoltaicos e a rede convencional. A tensão e a corrente máxima de CC foi de 29,6 V e a máxima possível foi de 20 amperes. Utilizou-se do princípio do casamento de impedâncias entre o painel fotovoltaico e o sistema de fornecimento de energia CA. Assim o painel fotovoltaico fornece somente potência ativa para a rede não interferindo no sincronismo. Na onda de tensão e corrente CA há uma pequena alteração no nível CA em relação a simetria do eixo dos tempos, dentro dos limites previstos para a rede convencional de energia. Logo evidencia-se o fornecimento de potência ativa para a rede CA. Os resultados obtidos permitiram inserção na rede de cerca de 10% da potência ativa dos painéis fotovoltaicos, com a otimização dos valores dos indutores, ocorrendo a transferência de potência ativa dos painéis fotovoltaicos para a rede convencional de energia CA. / The purpose of this thesis is the design and development of a delivery system of electricity connected to the network without the use of complex electronic circuits. The electronics system uses a frequency inverter that transfers the active power level voltage and DC current to the level compatible with the mains AC frequency, voltage and phase synchronization. But the project was to develop experimental part the use of suitable inductors with variable values of 200 mH to 500 mH between the PV panels and the conventional network. The maximum current was 20 amperes. We used the principle of impedance matching between the photovoltaic panel and the power supply system CA. So the photovoltaic panel supplies only active power to the grid not interfering with the timing. In the wave of AC voltage and current for a small change in CA level against the symmetry axis of time. Logo is evident in the supply of active power to the grid CA. The results allowed inclusion in the network of about 10% of the active power of photovoltaic panels by optimizing the values of the inductors for the occurrence of power transfer of conventional photovoltaic panels for energy occurs CA.

La demande reconventionnelle est une conclusion du défendeur qui poursuit des avantages autres que le simple rejet de la prétention du demandeur. Elle peut être introduite dans toutes les juridictions, mais devant la Cour Internationale de Justice elle présente des caractéristiques particulières que notre recherche a souhaité mettre en lumière. Celles-ci apparaissent tant dans les éléments constitutifs de cette demande que dans ses conditions de recevabilité. En ce qui concerne les éléments de sa définition, il ressort de la jurisprudence de la Cour qu’elle est une demande autonome et indépendante, qu’elle est un moyen de défense, qu’elle est formée par le défendeur et qu’elle est une demande incidente. Toutefois, s’il ne fait aucun doute qu’elle constitue une demande autonome, il n’en demeure pas moins que la pertinence de son influence sur le sort de la demande de la partie adverse, l’identification de la partie habilitée à l’introduire en cas de saisine de la Cour par compromis, et sa distinction d’autres demandes réciproques, restent à déterminer. S’agissant des conditions de sa recevabilité, une distinction délicate doit être établie entre la « connexité » requise par l’article 80 du Règlement et la « jonction » de la demande à l’instance en cours. A ce titre une question centrale se pose, celle de savoir si le juge peut refuser une demande reconventionnelle pourtant connexe à l’objet du litige, et inversement, l’accepter quand la connexité fait défaut. Alors que la jurisprudence de la Cour paraît incertaine et la doctrine reste partagée, notre thèse avance des arguments pour une réponse favorable. / The counterclaim is the submission of respondent that pursuing objectives other than the mere dismissal of the claim of the applicant in the main proceedings. The counterclaim which the International Court of Justice may entertain by virtue of article 80 of the rules, although similar to those that can be introduced in other jurisdictions, has unique characteristics. This appears in both components of this claim and in its conditions of admissibility. Regarding its definition, if one should not doubt that it constitutes a legal claim, the fact remains that its influence on the fate of the claim of the other party, the identification of the party entitled to present such a claim when the case is brought before the Court by ad hoc compromise, and its distinction from other cross-claims, are to be determined. As regards the conditions of admissibility, after explaining that it must comes within the jurisdiction of the Court and maintain a direct connection with the subject-matter of the claim of the other party, this research emphasizes the distinction between its admissibility under rule 80 and its junction with the current proceeding. The goal is to demonstrate that an claim brought by the defendant may not be attached to the pending proceeding even though the conditions imposed by the rules are met.