Šio darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti vietos savivaldos modelio vystymąsi Lietuvoje ir Lenkijoje, pateikti geros praktikos pavyzdžius, kurie galėtu būti diegiami tobulinant Lietuvos savivaldos modelį, plėtojant jo teisinę bazę. Darbas suskirstytas į keturias dalis: Bendra vietos savivaldos teisės charakteristika Lietuvoje ir Lenkijoje; Savivaldos modelių analizė; Savivaldos institucijų veiklos administracinė priežiūra; Du modeliai: pasiūlymai dėl Lietuvos modelio plėtros. Pirmoje dalyje nagrinėjama dviejų šalių vietos savivaldos institucijų teisinės bazės raida, ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas konstituciniam reguliavimui. Analizuojamos tų aktų tobulinimo kryptys, pristatomi pagrindiniai savivaldos reformos Lietuvoje ir Lenkijoje etapai. Antroje dalyje pristatomi Lietuvos ir Lenkijos savivaldos modeliai, vietos savivaldos institucijų sistema, skirtingos savivaldybių institucinės struktūros taikymo galimybės. Apžvelgiama savivaldos institucijų modelių raida, jų tobulinimo perspektyvos. Pristatomi atliktų empirinių tyrimų rezultatai. Trečioje dalyje nagrinėjami vietos savivaldos institucijų veiklos administracinės priežiūros mechanizmo ypatumai, analizuojamos pagrindinės savivaldybių administracinės priežiūros įgyvendinimo kliūtys. Ketvirtoje dalyje teikiami pasiūlymai dėl Lietuvos savivaldos modelio plėtros, ypatingą dėmesį skiriant regioninio savivaldos lygio atsiradimui ir teritorinių savivaldybių reformai. Nagrinėjamas tiesioginių mero rinkimų įteisinimas, jų poveikis savivaldybės... [to full text] / The aim of this work is to analyze the development of the model of the local public administration in Lithuania and Poland as well as to provide the examples of good practice that could be inculcated into the improvement of the model of the public administration in Lithuania, and into the development of its law basis. The work includes four parts: general characteristics of law of the local public administration in Lithuania and Poland; analysis of models of the public administration; administrative supervision of the proceeding of the public administration institutions; two models: suggestions concerning the development of the Lithuanian model. In the first part the evolution of law basis of the two sides of the local public administration institutions is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the constitutional regulation. The directions to develop those acts are analyzed and basic stages of the reforms of the public administration in Lithuania and Poland are presented. The second part presents the models of the public administration of Lithuania and Poland, the system of institutions of the local public administration and different possibilities of application of the institutional structure to the local public administration. The third part deals with the peculiarities of the administrative supervision of the proceeding of the local public administration institutions. Basic holdbacks in implementation of the administrative supervision of the local public administration are... [to full text]

Theme of directly elected President was present on Czechoslovak and Czech political field regularly since 1989. Different proposals rose discussion in media and between the specialists from Political science. Diploma thesis captures the changes of specialized, political and media discussion during the years. The opinion of the Public is present in Public opinion polls. Diploma thesis also describes the circumstances of adoption of the Amendment to the Constitution and of the Implementing Law. Part of the Diploma thesis is also theoretical introduction concerning the regimes from the point of view of their polity and also a chapter about the institution of the president concerning his constitutional formal and informal powers since 1918 till these days.

The topic the thesis, "Direct Election of the Head of the State and Its Impact on Constitutional Relationships," has been selected owing to its current relevance, caused by the change of the manner of presidential election which had a historically long tradition in our country. The aim of the paper is to provide a most complex view of the legal modifications of the election of the republic's president, to summarize the theoretical basis, to analyse the legislative procedure and to attempt to comprehensibly present this change of a constitutional law to citizens who might thus receive sufficient information on the issue. Furthermore, the author wishes to make the readers acquainted with the establishment and implementation of direct presidential election together with the manner of the election according to the new legislation, especially in accordance with Act no. 71/2012 Col. and Act no. 275/2012 Col. The thesis consists of nine chapters. In six sub-chapters, the first chapter outlines the history of the presidential election from the establishment of Czechoslovakia throughout the totalitarian period and to the Czech Republic, including a brief summary of the former presidents. The second chapter includes argumentation for and against implementation of the direct election of the republic's president, the...

This thesis deals with the topic of semi-presidential systems. As the title suggests, semi-presidential modes oscillate somewhere on the border between parliamentarism and presidentialism. Considering the fact that even the scholars have no consensus how to define this term, the whole study is conceived as a comparison of the opinions of prominent Czech as well as international constitutional lawyers and political scientists. Nowadays the necessity to define the semi-presidential model clearly becomes important because there has been a lengthy discussion after implementation of new constitutional phenomenon in the Czech Republic (the direct election of the head of the state) about how it affected the constitutional system of the state. Both the public and many prominent experts have the opinion that it is the direct presidential election that has changed the constitutional system of the Czech Republic from a purely parliamentary model to a semi- presidential model or at least, it significantly leads to it. The objectives of this study are modest. Since the number of mutually different definitions of this system from the perspective of many constitutional lawyers and political scientists is really large, it was impossible to cover such a broad topic completely, therefore this work is devoted to the...

The theme "Direct election of head of state and its influence on the constitutional relations" has been chosen by its author due to the continuing public debate about this topic in the Czech Republic. The second reason is the fact that despite the approaching end of tenure of the current head of the state it is still unclear how the successor will be chosen. This thesis examines the suitability or unsuitability of possible introduction of direct election of head of state in the Czech Republic and its possible form. The aim is, however, not to answer the question "Direct election yes or no?" but rather to professionally contribute to the society-wide debate on this issue and to rectify it. The introduction of the direct election itself, without further changes of the Constitution of the Czech Republic, would, according to the author's opinion, not be an entirely appropriate step. Author's aim was to bring complex material containing, if possible, all the aspects of the issue. Without a broader understanding of theoretical concepts, foreign examples, historical development, but also of the valid legislation regarding the election of the head of state as well as of its powers and duties, it is not possible to conduct the relevant discussion on possible constitutional changes in this sense. The thesis...

The theme of the Thesis "The Direct Election of the President of the Czech Republic" has been chosen by its author with regard to the currency of this topic. It could have been expected that during the formulation of this Thesis the adoption of the Implementing Act, as well as the very first direct presidential elections, is held. The aim of the Thesis is to provide the most comprehensive view of regulation of presidential election, to summarize theoretical basis, to analyse the legislative procedure and to try to suggest possible amendments. The Thesis is composed of five chapters. Chapter One introduces generally the term "Head of State" and defines the way of its election in different republics. In the Second Chapter, the author generally deals with the role and powers of the president according to the Constitution of the Czech Republic. The Third Chapter addresses the historical development of presidential election legislation. The Parliamentary election had a long historical tradition in our country, which is the reason why the author analyses the presidential elections in the various constitutions since 1918. The Fourth Chapter is divided into three parts and contains various proposals for constitutional laws establishing direct election. In the First Subchapter, there are suggestions of the...

The dissertation investigates a constitutional amendment to the 2012 legislation of the presidential election. The amendment introduced an election of the president through a popular vote, which was a historical milestone for the Czech legal system. However, the new adjustment was adopted in haste and evinces many deficiencies; that was proven in the 2013 presidential election. Therefore, the aim of the dissertation is to describe problematical parts of the new legal adjustment and find some possible solutions. The main topics are as follows: 1) modification of the basic concepts of the election system, 2) candidate nomination process, 3) election campaign funding and 4) ethical aspects of the election campaign. A comparison of legal adjustments of 14 EU countries with the direct presidential election (the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Finland, France, Croatia, Ireland, Cyprus, Lithuania, Poland, Portugal, Austria, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia) was done, in order to find appropriate solutions. Apart from the results of comparison, the dissertation is based on reports by GRECO, OSCE and the corresponding Czech judicature. In conclusion, the Czech adjustment of the presidential election meets every democratic principle, but, at the same time, contains many mistakes. Especially the queries of "election campaign...

The objective of the submitted diploma thesis is to analyze the subject of a direct democracy system in the Czech Republic focusing on the local level of governance. The possibility of being able to participate imminently in the municipal government and thus amending the current representative model became the subject of not only political discussions over the last few years. The thesis is composed of a foreword and five chapters, which are hereafter divided to subchapters for better transparency. Findings and author suggestions concerning the possible future forms of the local democracy are summarized in the conclusion. The introductory chapter presents the direct democracy in a theoretical way and shows how it differs from the representative democracy model. It also contains the definition of the five most respected forms of a direct democracy, which are: referendum, plebiscite, citizen initiative, petition and recall. Following two chapters are focused on the situation in Czech Republic, first in general, then with an emphasis on the municipal scene. Efforts to establish an individual form of a direct democracy can be observed already from the year 1918 with various results, new possibilities appeared later as Czech Republic had entered supranational communities. A local referendum still remains...

Submitted by Nara Lays Domingues Viana Oliveira (naradv) on 2015-07-06T19:51:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SilvanaEscosguyEducacao.pdf: 14664417 bytes, checksum: 6e535c33469501d359f2517371476190 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-06T19:51:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SilvanaEscosguyEducacao.pdf: 14664417 bytes, checksum: 6e535c33469501d359f2517371476190 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09 / Nenhuma / Esta dissertação tem como tema questões referentes à gestão escolar, dentro de uma abordagem democrática. Realiza uma pesquisa a respeito dos diretores escolares da rede pública municipal de Novo Hamburgo/RS, levando em conta as diferentes formas de escolha para chegarem ao exercício da função. Problematiza as diferentes formas de provimento ao cargo de dirigente escolar, adotadas nesta cidade, entre o ano de 2001 a 2009, passando pela indicação do diretor pelo poder público, pelo projeto de escolha a partir da lista tríplice e da proposta de eleição direta. Faz uma trajetória histórica da administração escolar desde 1930, embasada na perspectiva teórica clássica e de uma educação comparada com os países estrangeiros, principalmente os norte-americanos, até chegar aos dias atuais, quando a administração escolar passa a ser denominada Gestão Escolar, passando a ser compreendidos juntamente com os impactos econômicos, políticos, sociais, culturais e tecnológicos do Brasil. Interpreta a Gestão Escolar dentro de uma postura que não se limita a funções tecnicamente burocráticas, mas ao começo de sua democratização e construção coletiva, por meio da participação, da cidadania, possibilitando o desenvolvimento da consciência transformadora do homem no mundo. O estudo aborda também os diferentes modelos administrativos: patrimonialista, burocrático, gerencialista e democrático, identificando se as formas de provimento à função de diretor escolar da rede pública municipal de Novo Hamburgo/RS interferiram no curso da gestão municipal de educação, analisando os pontos e contrapontos da indicação, da lista tríplice e da eleição direta. A pesquisa é qualitativa e utiliza técnicas como a entrevista semiestruturada, questionários e análise documental, apresentando alguns dos avanços democráticos e retrocessos na história da educação brasileira e o movimento pela gestão escolar democrática no Rio Grande do Sul. A pesquisa considera que a rede municipal de ensino não é democratizável simplesmente pela democratização de suas estruturas organizacionais e de gestão, nem apenas com a eleição direta de diretores escolares, mas sim através de suas formas de intervenção cívica e sociocultural com a participação de toda a comunidade escolar. / This dissertation has as its theme questions relating to school management, into a democratic approach. It realizes an investigation about the school principals of network municipal public school of Novo Hamburgo/RS, taking into account the different forms of choice to arrive to the exercise of the that function. Causing trouble in the different forms of provision to the post of school manager, assumed in this city, from the year 2001 until 2009, passing by the indication of school master by public power, by project of choice starting triple list and the proposal of direct election. Makes a historic trajectory of school administration since 1930, grounded in classic theoretical perspective in comparison with one education with the foreign countries, mainly the U.S, until today, when the school administration it becomes denominated school management, it becomes understood together with the economic impacts, political, social, cultural and technological of Brazil. Interprets the school management into a proposal that is not limited the bureaucratic functions technically, but in the beginning of its democratization and collective construction, by way of participation of citizenship, enabling the development of the transformer conscience of man in the world. The study broaches too the different administrative models: patrimonial, bureaucratic, managerialist and democratic, indentifying the forms of provision the function of the school principals of network municipal public of Novo Hamburgo/RS they intervened in course of the municipal management of education, have been analyzing the points and counterpoint of indication, of the triple list and the direct elections. The search it’s Qualitative and uses technical as the interview semistructured, questionnaire and document analysis, showing some of the democratic advances and regression in the history of Brazilian education and the movement by democratic school management in Rio Grande do Sul. The investigation it considers that municipal network of education cannot be democratized simply by democratization of its organizational structures and management, not just with the direct election of school principals, but yes through the its forms of intervention civic and sociocultural with the participation the whole school community.

The topic of this diploma thesis is direct elections of the President of Slovak Republic in context of other Central European countries - particularly Czech Republic and Poland. The subject of my analysis were selected aspects of presidential election, which I analyzed in the third chapter (in case of Slovakia), dedicated to direct elections of Slovak president in 1999, 2004 and 2009; and in the fourth chapter, which is dedicated to last direct election. Among analyzed aspects (in case of Slovak presidential election) a trend of declining interest in the first round of elections was confirmed; also sooner claiming of candidacy, compared with previous elections. The latter fact is connected with longer and longer pre-election campaign, which is also more and more personal and offensive. The ratio of partisan and non-partisan candidates was in all elections about the same (approx. 3:2 in favor of partisan candidates). In the fifth chapter of the thesis I analyzed these aspects in case of direct presidential elections in Poland and Czech Republic. Then, I compared them. According to analysis, women in Poland almost were not standing for president at all (there were even fewer women candidates than in Slovakia), but in Poland we can see much higher number of very prominent candidates (especially former...