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Adaptação transcultural do Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) para o contexto brasileiro / Cross-cultural adaptation of the Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) for the Brazilian contextMininel, Vivian Aline 25 November 2010 (has links)
Este estudo objetivou a adaptação transcultural do Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) para o contexto brasileiro. Este guia de entrevista estruturada foi desenvolvido pela Universidade de Sherbrooke (Canadá) para ajudar os profissionais de saúde a detectarem os fatores preditivos de maior importância para incapacidades relacionadas ao trabalho e a identificarem uma ou mais causas de absenteísmo prolongado do trabalho. Foi realizado obedecendo-se às recomendações internacionais e princípios éticos para pesquisas com seres humanos. Foram observadas as seguintes fases: tradução inicial, síntese das traduções, retrotradução, avaliação por Comitê de Especialistas e teste da versão pré-final. Após as fases de tradução inicial e retrotradução, o WoDDI foi submetido ao Comitê de Especialistas para validação das equivalências conceitual, semântica, idiomática, experencial e operacional, além da Validação de Conteúdo. Esta análise desencadeou em adaptações dos termos que apresentaram percentual de Validade de Conteúdo inferior a 90% entre os especialistas. A amostra da população-alvo para aplicação em pré-teste contou com a participação de 30 trabalhadores do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, afastados devido a problemas de saúde relacionados ao trabalho. A coleta de dados foi realizada por um médico ortopedista e pela pesquisadora, que aplicaram o guia de entrevista em duas partes, sequencialmente. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio da análise da compreensibilidade dos itens pelos entrevistadores e pela população de estudo. Para os entrevistadores, que avaliaram as seções referentes ao exame físico, o WoDDI foi considerado bastante completo e fácil de aplicar. Pequenas alterações operacionais foram propostas, com o intuito de facilitar o entendimento dos entrevistadores. A explicação detalhada dos testes, manobras e demais exames foi construída com este mesmo objetivo. Os termos que apresentaram dificuldade de compreensão em, pelo menos, 15% da população do pré-teste, foram passíveis de alteração. Para facilitar o uso do WoDDI, foi elaborado um manual de orientações para sua aplicação, contemplando a explicação de todas as seções, itens, questões e indicadores presentes no guia de entrevista. Estas orientações auxiliam os entrevistadores na interpretação dos itens, nas formas de questionamento e no modo de realização dos testes, manobras e demais exames. Por tratar-se de um guia de entrevista qualitativo, que confere certa flexibilidade àqueles que o utilizam, além de facilitar o entendimento, tais orientações também ratificam os conceitos abordados e a forma correta para condução da entrevista, conferindo maior credibilidade durante o processo. A conclusão deste estudo demonstra que o WoDDI está adaptado para a realidade brasileira, podendo ser utilizado por profissionais e serviços interessados nos assuntos de incapacidade relacionada ao trabalho. / This study aimed the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) for the Brazilian context. This structured interview guide was developed by University of Sherbrooke (Canada) to help clinicians to detect the most important disability predictors work-related and to identify one or more causes of prolonged absenteeism from work. It was performed following international standards and ethical principles for human research. It was observed the following steps: initial translation, synthesis of the translations, back translation, review by the Expert Committee and testing of the pre-final version. After the initial translation and back translation steps, the WoDDI was submitted to the Expert Committee to validation of the conceptual, semantic, idiomatic, experiential and operational equivalences, as the Content Validity. This analysis triggered in adjustments of the terms that presented Contend Validity percentage below 90% among experts. The sample of target-population for pre-test was composed by 30 workers of the University Hospital of University of Sao Paulo, absent of work due workrelated health problems. The data collect was performed by an orthopedic physician and a researcher, which apply the interview guide in two parts, sequentially. The results were obtained through comprehensibility analysis of the items by interviewers and by research subjects. For the interviewers, who assessed the sections of the physical exams, the WoDDI was considered complete and easy to apply. Some operational changes were done to facilitate understanding of the interviewers. The explanation detailed of the tests, maneuvers and other exams was constructed with the same goal. The terms that presented comprehensibility difficulties in, at least, 15% of pre-test population, were changed. In order to facilitate the WoDDI administration, it was elaborated a guidance handbook with explanation of all sections, items, questions and indicators of the interview guide. These guidelines help the interviewers in the items interpretation, questioning ways and how to conduct the tests, maneuvers and other exams. Being a qualitative interview guide, which gives some flexibility to the interviewers, these guidelines also reinforce the concepts discussed and the correct way to conduct the interview, giving greater credibility of the process. The conclusion of this study shows that the WoDDI is adapted to Brazilian context and it can be used by professionals and services interesting in work disability prevention issues.
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Adaptação transcultural do Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) para o contexto brasileiro / Cross-cultural adaptation of the Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) for the Brazilian contextVivian Aline Mininel 25 November 2010 (has links)
Este estudo objetivou a adaptação transcultural do Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) para o contexto brasileiro. Este guia de entrevista estruturada foi desenvolvido pela Universidade de Sherbrooke (Canadá) para ajudar os profissionais de saúde a detectarem os fatores preditivos de maior importância para incapacidades relacionadas ao trabalho e a identificarem uma ou mais causas de absenteísmo prolongado do trabalho. Foi realizado obedecendo-se às recomendações internacionais e princípios éticos para pesquisas com seres humanos. Foram observadas as seguintes fases: tradução inicial, síntese das traduções, retrotradução, avaliação por Comitê de Especialistas e teste da versão pré-final. Após as fases de tradução inicial e retrotradução, o WoDDI foi submetido ao Comitê de Especialistas para validação das equivalências conceitual, semântica, idiomática, experencial e operacional, além da Validação de Conteúdo. Esta análise desencadeou em adaptações dos termos que apresentaram percentual de Validade de Conteúdo inferior a 90% entre os especialistas. A amostra da população-alvo para aplicação em pré-teste contou com a participação de 30 trabalhadores do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, afastados devido a problemas de saúde relacionados ao trabalho. A coleta de dados foi realizada por um médico ortopedista e pela pesquisadora, que aplicaram o guia de entrevista em duas partes, sequencialmente. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio da análise da compreensibilidade dos itens pelos entrevistadores e pela população de estudo. Para os entrevistadores, que avaliaram as seções referentes ao exame físico, o WoDDI foi considerado bastante completo e fácil de aplicar. Pequenas alterações operacionais foram propostas, com o intuito de facilitar o entendimento dos entrevistadores. A explicação detalhada dos testes, manobras e demais exames foi construída com este mesmo objetivo. Os termos que apresentaram dificuldade de compreensão em, pelo menos, 15% da população do pré-teste, foram passíveis de alteração. Para facilitar o uso do WoDDI, foi elaborado um manual de orientações para sua aplicação, contemplando a explicação de todas as seções, itens, questões e indicadores presentes no guia de entrevista. Estas orientações auxiliam os entrevistadores na interpretação dos itens, nas formas de questionamento e no modo de realização dos testes, manobras e demais exames. Por tratar-se de um guia de entrevista qualitativo, que confere certa flexibilidade àqueles que o utilizam, além de facilitar o entendimento, tais orientações também ratificam os conceitos abordados e a forma correta para condução da entrevista, conferindo maior credibilidade durante o processo. A conclusão deste estudo demonstra que o WoDDI está adaptado para a realidade brasileira, podendo ser utilizado por profissionais e serviços interessados nos assuntos de incapacidade relacionada ao trabalho. / This study aimed the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Work Disability Diagnosis Interview (WoDDI) for the Brazilian context. This structured interview guide was developed by University of Sherbrooke (Canada) to help clinicians to detect the most important disability predictors work-related and to identify one or more causes of prolonged absenteeism from work. It was performed following international standards and ethical principles for human research. It was observed the following steps: initial translation, synthesis of the translations, back translation, review by the Expert Committee and testing of the pre-final version. After the initial translation and back translation steps, the WoDDI was submitted to the Expert Committee to validation of the conceptual, semantic, idiomatic, experiential and operational equivalences, as the Content Validity. This analysis triggered in adjustments of the terms that presented Contend Validity percentage below 90% among experts. The sample of target-population for pre-test was composed by 30 workers of the University Hospital of University of Sao Paulo, absent of work due workrelated health problems. The data collect was performed by an orthopedic physician and a researcher, which apply the interview guide in two parts, sequentially. The results were obtained through comprehensibility analysis of the items by interviewers and by research subjects. For the interviewers, who assessed the sections of the physical exams, the WoDDI was considered complete and easy to apply. Some operational changes were done to facilitate understanding of the interviewers. The explanation detailed of the tests, maneuvers and other exams was constructed with the same goal. The terms that presented comprehensibility difficulties in, at least, 15% of pre-test population, were changed. In order to facilitate the WoDDI administration, it was elaborated a guidance handbook with explanation of all sections, items, questions and indicators of the interview guide. These guidelines help the interviewers in the items interpretation, questioning ways and how to conduct the tests, maneuvers and other exams. Being a qualitative interview guide, which gives some flexibility to the interviewers, these guidelines also reinforce the concepts discussed and the correct way to conduct the interview, giving greater credibility of the process. The conclusion of this study shows that the WoDDI is adapted to Brazilian context and it can be used by professionals and services interesting in work disability prevention issues.
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Handikappanpassa alla studentbostäder : Är det rätt väg att gå? / Is adapting all student housing for the disabled the right way to go?Lervik, Måns, Holmqvist, Ludvig January 2024 (has links)
Alla nyproducerade studentbostäder handikappanpassas i Sverige. Regler för att bostäder ska handikappanpassas framgår i tre juridiska grundpelare nämligen PBL, PBF och BBR. Detta leder till en oproportionerlig användning av yta i respektive bostad. Därtill befinner sig Sveriges studenter i en prekär situation. Bostäderna som är tillgängliga för dem är svåra att få tag i, har höga hyror och är undermåligt planerade.Följaktligen synes det onödigt att ödsla resurser på att handikappanpassa samtliga studentbostäder när ytterst få har behov av det. Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda huruvida det finns utrymme för en förändring av Boverkets byggregler angående handikappanpassning av studentbostäder. För att undersöka detta kommer följande frågeställningar att besvaras. Hur stort är behovet av att ändra Boverkets föreskrifter? Hur ser den svenska modellen ut och hur kan man förbättra den? Är detta förenligt med internationella bestämmelser? Hur hanteras handikappanpassning av studentbostäder i Norge? Vilka potentiella effekter kommer en föreskriftsändring att leda till? För att svara på dessa frågor har en ansats till rättsvetenskaplig metod använts för att sammanställa en bakgrund med fakta. Vidare har en kvalitativ metod använts för att bredda perspektiven i analysen. I huvudsak tar handikappanpassningen upp mycket yta i hygienrummen, då de ska dimensioneras för en rullstolsburen och dess medhjälpare. Antalet personer på eftergymnasial nivå som är i behov av detta står inte i rimlig proportion till att samtliga studentbostäder ska anpassas, då endast ett fåtal personer som studerar har en funktionsnedsättning. Förändring av regelverket gällande handikappanpassning är ett känsligt ämne. Detta beror på att Sverige tolkat FN:s konvention om rättigheter för personer med funktionsnedsättning som att den byggda miljön ska vara tillgänglig för alla. Norges tolkning av samma konvention är däremot att 20 procent handikappanpassas och resterande besöksanpassas. Implementeras denna modell i Sverige, är det troligare att följden blir förhöjd livskvalitet för hyresgästerna snarare än sänkta hyror och fler bostäder på marknaden. / All newly produced student housing in Sweden is designed to be accessible for individuals with disabilities, governed by three key pillars: PBL, PBF and BBR. This leads to a disproportionate use of space in each housing unit. Additionally, Swedish students are in a precarious situation. The student housing is difficult to obtain, has high rents, and is poorly planned. Consequently, it seems unnecessary to waste resources on making all student housing accessible when very few actually need it. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether there is room for change in the Building Regulations concerning accessibility adaptations for student housing. To explore this, the following questions will be answered: How great is the need to amend Boverket’s building regulations? What does the Swedish model look like and how can it be improved? Is this consistent with international regulations? How is accessibility for student housing managed in Norway? What potential effects will a change in regulations lead to?To answer these questions, a legal method has been used to compile a background with facts. Furthermore, a qualitative method has been used to broaden the perspectives of the analysis. Primarily, the accessibility adaptations take up significant space in the bathrooms, as they must be sized for a wheelchair user and their assistant. The number of individuals at the post- secondary level who need this is not proportionate to the requirement for all student housing to be accessible, partly because only a few individuals of study age have disabilities. Changing the regulations regarding accessibility adaptations is a sensitive issue. This is because Sweden interprets the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities to mean that the built environment should be accessible to all. Norway, on the other hand, interprets this to mean that 20 percent should be fully accessible while the rest should be visitable. If this model is implemented in Sweden, it is more likely that the result will be an increased quality of life for tenants rather than lower rents and more available housing on the market.
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Subjektivní vnímání kvality života u osob na invalidním vozíku / Subjective pereption of Quality of life of people after spinal injurySvobodová, Martina January 2016 (has links)
The thesis deals with the subjective perception of quality of life of persons that have suffered a spinal cord injury. The Theoretical part is devoted to the quality of life, its definitions, concepts, factors and measuring. Further, it focuses on spinal cord injuries and their consequences with regard to functionality of extremities and organs. It describes types of handicap, process and components of physical therapy. It also deals with psychological stress of a person dealing with the injury and its consequences. Focus is in particular applied to coping strategies and adaptation mechanisms. The third chapter of the Practical part is devoted to the quality of life of a specific target group, i.e. of persons that have suffered spinal cord injury. It introduces the factors and specific aspects contributing to the perception of quality of life. It also addresses some of the frequent mistakes and stereotypes in approaches to people with handicap. In the Empirical part, we have found out that people who suffered spinal cord injury perceive the lower level of quality of life in the area of health and relationships. We did not find statistically significant differences in subjective perception of quality of life depending on the level of handicap, or time that has passed since the injury. As part of...
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