Dans cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés au mode d’exploitation de la demande prévisionnelle pour le pilotage des flux amont dans un contexte de production de masse de produits fortement diversifiés et de dispersion géographique des unités de production. Lorsque l’information prévisionnelle est mal exploitée, des phénomènes, similaires à l’effet coup de fouet connu en chaîne logistique aval, apparaissent en chaîne logistique amont altérant durablement sa performance. Dans le but de contrer certains des mécanismes à l’origine de ces phénomènes, nous avons proposé une adaptation de la MRP permettant d’exploiter au mieux l’information prévisionnelle. L’adaptation de la MRP repose sur une méthode de calcul des besoins basée sur l’exploitation statistique des nomenclatures de planification et la diffusion d’informations sur les niveaux de recomplètement le long de la chaîne logistique amont. Cette approche a été testée avec succès sur plusieurs cas d’application dans l’industrie automobile / In this PhD dissertation, we investigated the way of exploiting the demand forecasts for the upstream flow management in a context of mass production of highly diverse products and of geographical dispersion of the production units. When the forecasts are poorly exploited, phenomena similar to the well-known bullwhip effect in the downstream supply chain appear in the upstream supply chain altering permanently its performances. In order to counter some of the mechanisms underlying these phenomena, we proposed an adaptation of the MRP to perform the exploitation of the forecasted demand. The adaptation of the MRP is based on a calculation method that uses the planning BOM for calculating and transmitting replenishment levels along the upstream supply chain. This approach has been successfully tested on several application studies in the automotive industry

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:33:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_rosemeri_olanda.pdf: 474088 bytes, checksum: b3ca7e189d033a5e523ce3ee94f5349e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-26 / The objective of this work was to evaluate the incorporate of arrow leaf clover cv. Yuchi for seed production in Nesting Novo Arroio Grande, Arroio Grande (RS) and the other benefits of the presence of this legume specie in agricultural and pasture system. This work was realized in seven production units where were identified three systems: beef cattle production, dairy cattle production and both. Were installed seven areas for seed production with approximately 0.25 ha. The forage production and quality were determined from cuts made in three replicates of 1.0m2 being quantified: the content and yield of dry matter, crude protein and in vitro digestibility. Phenological evaluations were made during the crop cycle and from the date of sowing these events were determined: first and sixth trifoliolade leaf, first branch, flowering start and full, and seed maturation. The yield components were evaluated such as number of plants for area, number of inflorescence for plant, number of inflorescence for area and thousand seed weight. Analysis of simple linear correlation were made between: the different yield components with seed production; the quantity of phosphor applied with yield seed, crude protein and dry matter production. The clover seed production including soil seed bank showed yield of 636 kg.ha-1 which creates an increase of 97% in the gain and showing as an alternative for nesting productions units. The forage production with high quality presents capability to change the reality of the production in agro-pastoral systems. Key Words: seed production, Trifolium vesiculosum, production systems, settlement, agrarian reform, diversified production. / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a incorporação do trevo vesiculoso cv. Yuchi para produção de sementes no Assentamento Novo Arroio Grande, em Arroio Grande (RS), bem como os demais benefícios da presença desta leguminosa no sistema agropastoril. O trabalho foi realizado em sete unidades de produção, onde foram identificados três sistemas: produção de gado de corte, produção de gado de leite e misto. Foram instaladas sete áreas para produção de sementes com aproximadamente 0,25ha. A produção e a qualidade da forragem foram determinadas a partir de cortes realizados em três repetições de 1,0 m2 sendo quantificados: teor e rendimento de matéria seca, proteína bruta e digestibilidade in vitro. Avaliações fenológicas foram realizadas durante o ciclo do cultivo determinando-se a partir da data de semeadura os seguintes eventos: emergência, primeira folha trifoliolada, sexta folha trifoliolada, primeira ramificação, início e plena floração e colheita de sementes. Os componentes de rendimento avaliados foram: número de plantas por área; número de inflorescências por planta e por área e peso de mil sementes. Foram realizadas análises de correlação linear simples entre os diferentes componentes de rendimento com a produção de sementes; entre a quantidade de fósforo aplicado com o rendimento de sementes, a proteína bruta e a produção de massa seca. A produção de semente de trevo vesiculoso incluindo o banco de sementes no solo alcançou rendimento de 636 kg.ha-1, o que gerou incremento de renda de 97%, configurando-se como uma alternativa para unidades de produção de assentamentos; a produção de forragem com elevada qualidade apresenta potencialidade para alterar a realidade da produção dos sistemas agropastoris.