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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Ansiedade social e coopera??o em contexto de hierarquia social

Santos, Ariela Moreira dos 30 July 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-23T20:58:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ArielaMoreiraDosSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 1441536 bytes, checksum: 5740e7fb4dfb262238684775ca2b9d70 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-28T18:18:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ArielaMoreiraDosSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 1441536 bytes, checksum: 5740e7fb4dfb262238684775ca2b9d70 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-28T18:18:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArielaMoreiraDosSantos_DISSERT.pdf: 1441536 bytes, checksum: 5740e7fb4dfb262238684775ca2b9d70 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O Jogo do Ultimato ? uma metodologia da Teoria dos Jogos que pretende investigar o comportamento cooperativo de indiv?duos em situa??es de divis?o de recurso. A literatura tem mostrado que metade dos sujeitos n?o aceita divis?o de recurso injusta, e ainda prefere arcar com um custo moment?neo para se vingar do trapaceiro. Entretanto, pessoas que t?m preju?zo em assertividade, como indiv?duos que possuem fobia social, podem ter dificuldade em rejeitar ofertas de divis?o de recurso injusta, especialmente em situa??es que lhes causem ansiedade demasiada, como estar na presen?a de um indiv?duo considerado de alto n?vel hier?rquico. A percep??o negativa sobre seu pr?prio valor tamb?m pode o fazer pensar que n?o merece uma divis?o justa. Esses indiv?duos tamb?m possuem um forte desejo de transmitir uma impress?o positiva aos demais, o que poderia lev?-los a serem mais generosos em uma divis?o de recurso. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar, atrav?s do Jogo do Ultimato, se indiv?duos com ansiedade social aceitariam mais ofertas injustas de confederados de alto que de baixo n?vel hier?rquico e se seriam mais generosos na divis?o de bens, no mesmo jogo, quando comparados a indiv?duos sem ansiedade social. Noventa e cinco (95) estudantes universit?rios participaram deste estudo respondendo ao Invent?rio de Fobia Social, a Escala Fatorial de Extrovers?o, question?rio sociodemogr?fico, escala de ansiedade situacional e, por fim, o Jogo do Ultimato em quatro rodadas (1? e 3? - confederado representando alto ou baixo n?vel hier?rquico com uma proposta injusta; 2? - confederado sem pista de status social faz com proposta justa; 4? - sujeito da pesquisa faz a oferta). Os resultados mostraram uma correla??o negativa significativa entre ansiedade social e altivez, e ansiedade social e assertividade, e uma correla??o positiva significativa entre ansiedade social e ansiedade situacional. N?o houve diferen?a significativa na ansiedade situacional em fun??o do status para indiv?duos ansiosos. Tamb?m n?o encontramos diferen?a significativa na quantidade de bens doados, mostrando que o comportamento generoso n?o difere entre os grupos. Por fim, o status social n?o influenciou na decis?o na resposta ao jogo, para indiv?duos ansiosos. Esses resultados corroboram outras pesquisas que mostram a rela??o entre ansiedade social e assertividade, e ansiedade social e autopercep??o negativa de capacidade e valor (baixa altivez). Como mostram os resultados de ansiedade situacional, o est?mulo de alto status n?o foi percebido como amea?ador para o indiv?duo, o que pode ter afetado sua resposta no jogo. Os resultados para o Jogo do Ultimato seguem a mesma dire??o quanto a taxa de aceita??o pra propostas injustas (aproximadamente 50%) em estudos realizados com amostra n?o cl?nica. / The Ultimatum Game is a methodology of the Game Theory that intends to investigate the individuals cooperative behavior in situations of resources division. Studies have shown that half of the subjects don?t accept unfair division of resources, and prefer to bear a momentary cost to revenge the deceivers. However, people who have assertiveness impairment, such as social phobic individuals, could have some difficulties to reject unfair offer division resource, especially in situations that cause over anxiety, like being in the presence of an individual considered to be in a high hierarchical level. A negative perception about his own worth can also make the person thinks that he does not deserve a fair division. These individuals also have a strong desire to convey a positive impression to the others, which could cause them to be more generous in a resource division. The aim of this study was to verify, through the Ultimatum Game, if social anxiety individuals would accept more high confederate?s unfair offers that low confederate?s unfair offers; and if they would be more generous in goods division, in the same game, when compared to individuals without social anxiety. Ninety-five (95) college students participated in this study answering the Social Phobia Inventory, the Factorial Scale of Extroversion, socio-demographic questionnaire, situational anxiety scale and, finally, the Ultimatum Game in four rounds (1st and 3rd ? confederate representing high or low ranking using an unfair proposal; 2nd ? confederate without social status using fair proposal; 4th ? subject?s research proposes the offer). The results showed a significant negative correlation between social anxiety and haughtiness, and social anxiety and assertiveness, and a significant positive correlation between social anxiety and situational anxiety. There was no significant difference in situational anxiety due to the status for anxious individuals. Also we found no significant difference in the amount of donated goods, showing that generous behavior does not differ between groups. Finally, the social status did not influence the decision in response to the game for anxious individuals. These results corroborate to other studies that show the relationship between social anxiety and assertiveness, and social anxiety and negative self-perception capability and value (low haughtiness). As show the results of situational anxiety scale, the high status stimulus was not perceived as threatening to the individual, which may have affected his answer in the game. The results for the Ultimatum Game follow the same direction as the acceptance rate for unfair proposals (approximately 50%) in studies with non-clinical sample.

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