Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-03T21:15:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Daniel Guimar?es Ubiali.pdf: 7253233 bytes, checksum: ce10a8e3d4ef67ad93a0034844382ed3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-03T21:15:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Daniel Guimar?es Ubiali.pdf: 7253233 bytes, checksum: ce10a8e3d4ef67ad93a0034844382ed3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-26 / CAPES / For investigation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection 34 buffaloes properties or ranches in Northeastern Brazil were visited for paratuberculosis diagnosis. Investigations included herd evaluations, inspection of facilities and pastures, obtainment of flock history, clinical examination of suspicious animals and collecting samples for diagnosis. Samples were obtained from 26 farms or ranches, including two slaughterhouses and a quarantine area in six states. Approximately 15,600 buffalos, including males and females of the Murrah, Mediterranean and Jafarabadi breeds as well as their crossbreeds, were evaluated for meat, dairy and mixed properties with semi-intensive or extensive regimes. For diagnostic purposes, necropsies, histopathological and immunohistochemical exams and Ziehl-Neelsen tests of fecal smears and scraped intestinal mucosa were performed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods were applied to samples of feces, milk, mesenteric nodes and intestines. This exams allowed us to identify eigth new Johne?s disease outbreaks, which, together with those previously identified by our staff, allow us to infer that the disease is being dispersed in the Brazilian Northeast, similar to what is occurring with bovine herds in other areas of the country. The increase in the number of positive farms is a consequence of the ignorance of farmers, inadequate health management, free trade of ruminants and lack of a official control program in the country. This study alerts for risk of commercialization of dairy products for human consumption, reinforces the importance of research on paratuberculosis in Brazil and contributes to the understanding of the factors that work together to increase the number of paratuberculosis cases in the Brazilian Northeast. / Com o objetivo de identificar focos e estudar a epidemiologia e o diagn?stico da paratuberculose em b?falos na regi?o Nordeste do Brasil foram realizadas visitas e ou examinados material provenientes de 34 propriedades com suspeita cl?nica da doen?a. Obtivemos material biol?gico de sete estados da regi?o Nordeste do Brasil (Maranh?o, Cear?, Para?ba, Pernambuco, Alagoas e Bahia). Dos rebanhos foi obtido o hist?rico, realizou-se avalia??o cl?nica e inspe??o das instala??es e pastagens. Para a confirma??o do diagn?stico foi coletado material para exames laboratoriais em 26 propriedades ou cria??es de b?falos, entre estes, dois matadouros e um quarenten?rio. Foram rebanhos cujo somat?rios de b?falos era de aproximadamente 15.600 b?falos, das ra?as Murrah, Mediterr?neo, Jafarabadi e seus mesti?os, com aptid?o para corte, leite ou mista, em propriedades com regimes semi-intensivo, extensivo ou extrativista. Foram realizadas 22 necropsias e coleta de material para exames histopatol?gicos e imuno-histoqu?micos, al?m de colora??o de Ziehl-Neelsen em esfrega?os de fezes, raspados de mucosa intestinal e fragmentos de linfonodo mesent?rico e de intestino que apresentavam les?es sugestivas da doen?a. Para a realiza??o da rea??o em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foram utilizadas amostras de fezes, leite, linfonodos mesent?ricos e intestinos. Estes exames permitiram identificar oito focos de paratuberculose, o que nos permite inferir que a doen?a est? se dispersando na regi?o Nordeste do Brasil a exemplo do que est? acontecendo em outras regi?es do pa?s com o rebanho bovino. O desconhecimento da doen?a, o manejo inadequado, o com?rcio n?o regulamentado de b?falos e a falta de um programa de controle voltado para a realidade da regi?o facilitam a dispers?o do agente e s?o fatores que contribuem para o aumento do n?mero de focos no pa?s. Os resultados desta pesquisa contribuem com a epidemiologia e o diagn?stico da doen?a em b?falos e auxilia na compreens?o dos fatores que colaboram para a ocorr?ncia crescente do n?mero de casos desta doen?a.