Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:12:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuizRAS_TESE.pdf: 1325717 bytes, checksum: 2f8c5c06b3469d3f4c644f8e13bf4fbc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-17 / This work starts from the principle that the word humanism has been currently used to advocate certain behaviors or ways of acting which had been constituted for more than 2500 years, mainly in what refers to the most basic human values, which are clearly validated without any questioning. Humanism has been seen continually as a stone of civility touch. Thus, in 1999, the philosopher Peter Sloterdijk presented a conference in Baviera entitled Rules for the Human Zoo, whose subtitle was clear that it dealt with an answer to Martin Heidegger s text Letter on Humanism, basically showing that civility is necessarily bound to human domestication. So, the present work is split in three chapters. The first one aims to set the cultural and metaphysical bases of humanism. The second one will adopt an approach about what we will call epistolary humanism and its corollaries. Besides, in the third chapter, we will compose theoretical statements to the Heideggerian criticism against humanism and the post humanist contemporary proposition, as well as about the anthropotechnics. We can state that these two elements are considered as anthropological fundamentals of humanism and post humanism, and by understanding their mentioned historical relationship from their biological and ontological assumptions. Therefore, this work, which has been presented here, when it tries to map humanism under the theoretical influence of Sloterdijk, it distinguishes itself precisely by realizing the coherence with which he aims at diagnosing the directions of the contemporary humanism / O labor aqui apresentado parte do princ?pio de que o termo humanismo ? usado hodiernamente para salvaguardar certos comportamentos ou formas de agir constitu?das h? mais de 2500 anos, sobretudo no que tange aos valores humanos mais b?sicos, os quais s?o axiomaticamente validados, sem quaisquer contesta??es. O humanismo ? visto continuamente como pedra de toque da civilidade. Destarte, em 1999, o fil?sofo Peter Sloterdijk apresentou uma confer?ncia na Baviera, intitulada Regras para o Parque Humano, cujo subt?tulo deixava claro que se tratava de uma resposta ao texto de Martin Heidegger, Carta sobre o Humanismo, basicamente mostrando que a civilidade est? estritamente vinculada ? domestica??o humana. Nestes termos, o presente trabalho ? dividido em tr?s cap?tulos. No primeiro, pretende estabelecer os fundamentos culturais e metaf?sicos do humanismo. No segundo cap?tulo, far? uma abordagem sobre aquilo que chamaremos de humanismo epistolar e seus corol?rios. Por fim, no terceiro cap?tulo, teceremos asser??es te?ricas ? cr?tica heideggeriana ao humanismo e ? proposta p?s-humanista contempor?nea; assim como a respeito da rela??o entre converg?ncia midi?tica e antropot?cnicas, esses dois elementos tomados como fundamentos antropol?gicos do humanismo e do p?s-humanismo e entendendo a citada rela??o historicamente, a partir de seus pressupostos biol?gicos e ontol?gicos. Portanto, o trabalho aqui apresentado, ao tentar mapear o humanismo sob a influ?ncia te?rica de Sloterdijk, distingue-se precisamente por conseguir perceber a coer?ncia com que ele pretende diagnosticar os rumos do humanismo contempor?neo

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SilviaBFM.pdf: 183510 bytes, checksum: 25d17456b26e665dea3d1b33500465c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-11-07 / The cats (Felis catus) were domesticated about 9,500 years ago due to the advent of agriculture, being used to control the pests that devastated the food harvested. These animals went through an artificial selection and over generations and millennia had their behavior and morphology changed by humans. This process of domestication by man gave rise to a special ability, the understanding of human pointing gestures, clearly noticed while we feed our pets. Our goal in this study was to assess the comprehension of pointing gestures by cats and also verify the influence that social interactions exerts on the development of this ability. We found that experimental subjects from both groups, solitary animals and social animals, were able to follow human indication in order to find hidden food. However, social interaction had no effect on cats performances. The ability tested here probably evolved during the process of domestication of this species, and social interaction seems to exert little or no influence upon its expression / AOs gatos (Felis catus) foram domesticados h? cerca de 9.500 anos devido ? agricultura, onde eram utilizados no combate ?s pragas que assolavam os alimentos colhidos. Esses animais passaram por uma sele??o artificial e ao longo das gera??es e mil?nios tiveram seus comportamentos e morfologia modificadas pelos humanos. O processo de domestica??o pelo homem fez surgir uma habilidade em especial, a compreens?o de sinais gestuais humanos, que ? bem observada nos momentos em que alimentamos nossos animais. Nosso objetivo neste estudo foi testar a resposta ? sinaliza??o gestual (comportamento de apontar) em gatos, emitida por humanos e tamb?m verificar a influ?ncia do conv?vio social sobre o desenvolvimento desta habilidade. Observamos que os sujeitos experimentais de ambos os grupos, animais solit?rios e de conv?vio em grupo, foram capazes de seguir os sinais de indica??o humana para localizar o alimento escondido. Por?m, a forma de conv?vio social n?o influenciou no desempenho dos gatos. A habilidade aqui testada, possivelmente evoluiu durante o processo de domestica??o dessa esp?cie, e a intera??o social parece exercer pouca ou nenhuma influ?ncia sobre a sua express?o