Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1931. / Published also without thesis note. Bibliography: p. 313-323.

No description available.

Texte remanié de: M. Phil.--Department of English local history--Leicester university, 1997. / Bibliogr. p. 109-113.

OLIVEIRA, Kassiana Adriano Pinto de. Avaliação genética de parte da trajetória de crescimento de ovinos das raças santa inês, poll dorset e somalis brasileira utilizando modelos de regressão aleatória. 2008. 69 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Zootecnia, Fortaleza-CE, 2008 / Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-08-02T13:24:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_kapoliveira.pdf: 740356 bytes, checksum: 7cfdc172a195a64094119a0a25b768b6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-08-02T13:24:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_kapoliveira.pdf: 740356 bytes, checksum: 7cfdc172a195a64094119a0a25b768b6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T13:24:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_kapoliveira.pdf: 740356 bytes, checksum: 7cfdc172a195a64094119a0a25b768b6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Data set of 220, 336 and 19,303 records, respectively of Poll Dorset, Somalis Brasileira and Santa Inês sheep, born between 1996 and 2008, belonging to Gaasa Agropecuária Ltda, supported by Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Caprinos e Ovinos de Corte (GENECOC) of Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, were analyzed with the aim to evaluate distinct polynomial functions with different order of fit for fixed and random regressions of growth trajectory and to estimate (co)variances components and genetic parameters of this trajectory. Fixed effects used in analysis for all breeds were contemporary group (animals born in the same year-season), sex and birth type (single, twin, triple). Separately, for each breed, 24 models, with different orders, were evaluated to verify the best fit for fixed trajectory and for random regression of additive direct, maternal and permanent environmental effects. Ordinary and Legendre polynomials, varying of two (linear) to four (cubic) orders, were evaluated for fixed regression of average growth trajectory. Legendre and quadratic bspline functions, varying of three (quadratic) to four (cubic) orders, were evaluated for random regressions. For all breeds, Legendre polynomials of order fourth were sufficient to fit random regression. However, in fixed regression, ordinary polynomials were best to Poll Dorset and Santa Inês breeds, while Legendre were best for Somalis Brasileira. Fixed trajectory was linear for Poll Dorset and Somalis Brasileira and quadratic for Santa Inês. In Poll Dorset, direct heritability was low (<0.05) until 100 days, when so increased until 212 days reaching 0.74. In major portion of trajectory, maternal heritability for this breed were higher than direct heritability, this last overpass the first only after 150 days of age, about 100 days after weaning of animals. In Somalis Brasileira breed, the standard of direct heritability estimates presented two parabolas: one between birth and 73 day, with maximum of 0.21 at 49 days, and other from 73 day to rest of trajectory, with maximum of 0.53 at 253-256 days. Maternal heritability increased until 76 day, with maximum of 0,95, decreasing for 0.47 at 261 day, increasing again until final of trajectory, reaching 0.80. In Santa Inês breed, direct heritabilities at days 1, 50, 150, 250 and 411 were 0.24, 0.12, 0.44, 0.84 and 0.96, respectively, while maternal heritabilities for the same ages, respectively, were 0.24, 0.19, 0.09, 0.02 and 0.01. In all breeds, genetic correlations among weights in subsequent ages were high, tend to unity, with negative correlations between weights at early ages and weights at late ages. There is sufficient genetic variability to permit selection of these breeds for alter its growth trajectory. However, differences in standard of this variability suggest different procedures for selection of each breed. Genetic control of weights at initial ages is not the same in late ages. This aspect is important for establishment of adequate strategies of selection. Selection of animals for slaughter in early age must be different of that to replacement animals / Foram avaliados 220, 336 e 19.303 registros de pesos de ovinos, respectivamente das raças Poll Dorset, Somalis Brasileira e Santa Inês, nascidos entre 1996 e 2008, de propriedade da fazenda Gaasa Agropecuária Ltda, associada ao Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Caprinos e Ovinos de Corte (GENECOC) da Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, com o objetivo de avaliar distintas funções polinomiais com diferentes ordens para o melhor ajuste das regressões fixas e aleatórias da trajetória de crescimento e estimar os componentes de (co) variância e parâmetros genéticos desta trajetória. Os efeitos fixos utilizados nas análises para todas as raças foram grupo de contemporâneos (animais nascidos no mesmo ano e estação), sexo e tipo de nascimento (simples, duplo, triplo). Separadamente, para cada uma das raças, foram avaliados 24 modelos, com diferentes ordens, para verificar o melhor ajuste simultâneo de regressão fixa da trajetória de crescimento e da regressão aleatória para efeitos genéticos aditivo direto e materno e de ambiente permanente do animal. Para ajuste da regressão fixa da trajetória média de crescimento, foram avaliados polinômios ordinários e de Legendre, com ordens variando de dois (linear) a quatro (cúbica). Para as regressões aleatórias, foram avaliadas as funções de Legendre e b-spline quadrática, com ordens variando de três (quadrática) a quatro (cúbica). Para todas as raças, funções com polinômios de Legendre de quarta ordem foram suficientes para ajustar a parte aleatória. Entretanto, para a parte fixa, os polinômios ordinários foram melhores para as raças Poll Dorset e Santa Inês, enquanto os de Legendre foram melhores para a raça Somalis Brasileira. A trajetória fixa foi linear para as raças Poll Dorset e Somalis Brasileira, e quadrática para a raça Santa Inês. Na raça Poll Dorset, a herdabilidade direta se manteve baixa (<0,05) até cerca de 100 dias de idade, quando passou a aumentar até os 212 dias de idade, atingindo um valor de 0,74. Na maior parte da trajetória, as herdabilidades maternas nesta raça superaram as herdabilidades diretas, sendo que esta última somente ultrapassou a primeira após os 150 dias de idade, cerca de 100 dias após o desmame dos animais. Na raça Somalis Brasileira, o padrão das estimativas de herdabilidade direta apresentou duas parábolas: uma entre o nascimento e o dia 73, com valor máximo de 0,21 aos 49 dias, e uma outra entre 73 dias e o restante da trajetória, com valor máximo de 0,53 aos 253-256 dias. A herdabilidade materna aumentou até o dia 76, com máxima de 0,95, reduzindo para 0,47 no dia 261, voltando a subir novamente até o final da trajetória, alcançando o valor de 0,80. Na raça Santa Inês, as herdabilidades diretas nos dias 1, 50, 150, 250 e 411 foram iguais a 0,24, 0,12, 0,44, 0,84, e 0,96, respectivamente, enquanto as herdabilidades maternas nas respectivas idades foram 0,24, 0,19, 0,09, 0,02 e 0,01. Em todas as raças, as correlações genéticas entre pesos de idades subseqüentes, próximas entre si, foram elevadas, tendendo à unidade, havendo correlações negativas entre pesos tomados em idades mais jovens e aqueles tomados em idades mais avançadas. Existe variabilidade genética suficiente para permitir seleção destas raças, de forma a alterar suas trajetórias de crescimento. Entretanto, as diferenças no padrão desta variabilidade sugerem diferentes procedimentos de seleção para cada uma das raças. O controle genético sob os pesos nas fases iniciais do crescimento não é o mesmo que atua em idades mais tardias. Este aspecto é importante para o estabelecimento de adequadas estratégias de seleção. A seleção de animais para abate em idade jovem deve assim ser diferente daquela para animais de reposição no rebanho

This dissertation investigates the domestic architecture produced by the Late Dorset, an Arctic-adapted hunter-gatherer society which occupied much of the Eastern North American Arctic between circa 1500 B.P. and 500 B.P. Architecture, like any artefact class, is a dynamic and socially constructed technology that is produced, maintained, and transmitted by its practitioners. It is replicated via series of learned actions or techniques; patterns accordingly result from adherence to cultural standards while differences represent instances of technological divergence. Such departures are typically ignored or suppressed in closed systems, although they can be tolerated or even widely adopted in more flexible ones. In order to identify and explore patterning, a methodological strategy using the chaîne opératoire is adopted. This approach is invaluable because, when properly implemented, it links the static archaeological record with the dynamic architect-agents whose meaning-laden technical acts are visible archaeologically. Viewed through the lens of chaîne opératoire, I examine domestic architecture as a conduit for informing on Late Dorset structure and social organisation. As part of this investigation, a multi-scalar research design was implemented. The first analytical scale examined architecture across the Eastern Arctic to determine regional patterns of behavioural variability. Large-scale behavioural trends were recognised and demonstrated the range of behaviours enacted by Dorset architects as they designed, reproduced, and altered dwellings. The second stage of analysis focused on the micro-scale analysis of dwellings from three locations, each presented as fully contextualised case studies. Analysis at this level allowed for the investigation of how idiosyncratic behaviours and localised knowledge (reflecting an agent’s awareness of local conditions) was manifested and ‘fit’ within the overall technology. This strategy, which combined structure-specific analysis with purposefully broad regional patterning, suggests that Late Dorset architectural technology was comparatively open and flexible and that architects could adapt technological practise to suit local conditions and housing needs. This flexibility contrasts with other aspects of Late Dorset culture that appear more constrained and standardised.

This dissertation investigates the domestic architecture produced by the Late Dorset, an Arctic-adapted hunter-gatherer society which occupied much of the Eastern North American Arctic between circa 1500 B.P. and 500 B.P. Architecture, like any artefact class, is a dynamic and socially constructed technology that is produced, maintained, and transmitted by its practitioners. It is replicated via series of learned actions or techniques; patterns accordingly result from adherence to cultural standards while differences represent instances of technological divergence. Such departures are typically ignored or suppressed in closed systems, although they can be tolerated or even widely adopted in more flexible ones. In order to identify and explore patterning, a methodological strategy using the chaîne opératoire is adopted. This approach is invaluable because, when properly implemented, it links the static archaeological record with the dynamic architect-agents whose meaning-laden technical acts are visible archaeologically. Viewed through the lens of chaîne opératoire, I examine domestic architecture as a conduit for informing on Late Dorset structure and social organisation. As part of this investigation, a multi-scalar research design was implemented. The first analytical scale examined architecture across the Eastern Arctic to determine regional patterns of behavioural variability. Large-scale behavioural trends were recognised and demonstrated the range of behaviours enacted by Dorset architects as they designed, reproduced, and altered dwellings. The second stage of analysis focused on the micro-scale analysis of dwellings from three locations, each presented as fully contextualised case studies. Analysis at this level allowed for the investigation of how idiosyncratic behaviours and localised knowledge (reflecting an agent’s awareness of local conditions) was manifested and ‘fit’ within the overall technology. This strategy, which combined structure-specific analysis with purposefully broad regional patterning, suggests that Late Dorset architectural technology was comparatively open and flexible and that architects could adapt technological practise to suit local conditions and housing needs. This flexibility contrasts with other aspects of Late Dorset culture that appear more constrained and standardised.

Thesis (M. A.), Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1998. / Bibliography: leaves 94-100.

Thesis (M.A.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2003. / Bibliography: leaves 120-129. Also available online.

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Data set of 220, 336 and 19,303 records, respectively of Poll Dorset, Somalis Brasileira and Santa InÃs sheep, born between 1996 and 2008, belonging to Gaasa AgropecuÃria Ltda, supported by Programa de Melhoramento GenÃtico de Caprinos e Ovinos de Corte (GENECOC) of Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, were analyzed with the aim to evaluate distinct polynomial functions with different order of fit for fixed and random regressions of growth trajectory and to estimate (co)variances components and genetic parameters of this trajectory. Fixed effects used in analysis for all breeds were contemporary group (animals born in the same year-season), sex and birth type (single, twin, triple). Separately, for each breed, 24 models, with different orders, were evaluated to verify the best fit for fixed trajectory and for random regression of additive direct, maternal and permanent environmental effects. Ordinary and Legendre polynomials, varying of two (linear) to four (cubic) orders, were evaluated for fixed regression of average growth trajectory. Legendre and quadratic bspline functions, varying of three (quadratic) to four (cubic) orders, were evaluated for random regressions. For all breeds, Legendre polynomials of order fourth were sufficient to fit random regression. However, in fixed regression, ordinary polynomials were best to Poll Dorset and Santa InÃs breeds, while Legendre were best for Somalis Brasileira. Fixed trajectory was linear for Poll Dorset and Somalis Brasileira and quadratic for Santa InÃs. In Poll Dorset, direct heritability was low (<0.05) until 100 days, when so increased until 212 days reaching 0.74. In major portion of trajectory, maternal heritability for this breed were higher than direct heritability, this last overpass the first only after 150 days of age, about 100 days after weaning of animals. In Somalis Brasileira breed, the standard of direct heritability estimates presented two parabolas: one between birth and 73 day, with maximum of 0.21 at 49 days, and other from 73 day to rest of trajectory, with maximum of 0.53 at 253-256 days. Maternal heritability increased until 76 day, with maximum of 0,95, decreasing for 0.47 at 261 day, increasing again until final of trajectory, reaching 0.80. In Santa InÃs breed, direct heritabilities at days 1, 50, 150, 250 and 411 were 0.24, 0.12, 0.44, 0.84 and 0.96, respectively, while maternal heritabilities for the same ages, respectively, were 0.24, 0.19, 0.09, 0.02 and 0.01. In all breeds, genetic correlations among weights in subsequent ages were high, tend to unity, with negative correlations between weights at early ages and weights at late ages. There is sufficient genetic variability to permit selection of these breeds for alter its growth trajectory. However, differences in standard of this variability suggest different procedures for selection of each breed. Genetic control of weights at initial ages is not the same in late ages. This aspect is important for establishment of adequate strategies of selection. Selection of animals for slaughter in early age must be different of that to replacement animals / Foram avaliados 220, 336 e 19.303 registros de pesos de ovinos, respectivamente das raÃas Poll Dorset, Somalis Brasileira e Santa InÃs, nascidos entre 1996 e 2008, de propriedade da fazenda Gaasa AgropecuÃria Ltda, associada ao Programa de Melhoramento GenÃtico de Caprinos e Ovinos de Corte (GENECOC) da Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, com o objetivo de avaliar distintas funÃÃes polinomiais com diferentes ordens para o melhor ajuste das regressÃes fixas e aleatÃrias da trajetÃria de crescimento e estimar os componentes de (co) variÃncia e parÃmetros genÃticos desta trajetÃria. Os efeitos fixos utilizados nas anÃlises para todas as raÃas foram grupo de contemporÃneos (animais nascidos no mesmo ano e estaÃÃo), sexo e tipo de nascimento (simples, duplo, triplo). Separadamente, para cada uma das raÃas, foram avaliados 24 modelos, com diferentes ordens, para verificar o melhor ajuste simultÃneo de regressÃo fixa da trajetÃria de crescimento e da regressÃo aleatÃria para efeitos genÃticos aditivo direto e materno e de ambiente permanente do animal. Para ajuste da regressÃo fixa da trajetÃria mÃdia de crescimento, foram avaliados polinÃmios ordinÃrios e de Legendre, com ordens variando de dois (linear) a quatro (cÃbica). Para as regressÃes aleatÃrias, foram avaliadas as funÃÃes de Legendre e b-spline quadrÃtica, com ordens variando de trÃs (quadrÃtica) a quatro (cÃbica). Para todas as raÃas, funÃÃes com polinÃmios de Legendre de quarta ordem foram suficientes para ajustar a parte aleatÃria. Entretanto, para a parte fixa, os polinÃmios ordinÃrios foram melhores para as raÃas Poll Dorset e Santa InÃs, enquanto os de Legendre foram melhores para a raÃa Somalis Brasileira. A trajetÃria fixa foi linear para as raÃas Poll Dorset e Somalis Brasileira, e quadrÃtica para a raÃa Santa InÃs. Na raÃa Poll Dorset, a herdabilidade direta se manteve baixa (<0,05) atà cerca de 100 dias de idade, quando passou a aumentar atà os 212 dias de idade, atingindo um valor de 0,74. Na maior parte da trajetÃria, as herdabilidades maternas nesta raÃa superaram as herdabilidades diretas, sendo que esta Ãltima somente ultrapassou a primeira apÃs os 150 dias de idade, cerca de 100 dias apÃs o desmame dos animais. Na raÃa Somalis Brasileira, o padrÃo das estimativas de herdabilidade direta apresentou duas parÃbolas: uma entre o nascimento e o dia 73, com valor mÃximo de 0,21 aos 49 dias, e uma outra entre 73 dias e o restante da trajetÃria, com valor mÃximo de 0,53 aos 253-256 dias. A herdabilidade materna aumentou atà o dia 76, com mÃxima de 0,95, reduzindo para 0,47 no dia 261, voltando a subir novamente atà o final da trajetÃria, alcanÃando o valor de 0,80. Na raÃa Santa InÃs, as herdabilidades diretas nos dias 1, 50, 150, 250 e 411 foram iguais a 0,24, 0,12, 0,44, 0,84, e 0,96, respectivamente, enquanto as herdabilidades maternas nas respectivas idades foram 0,24, 0,19, 0,09, 0,02 e 0,01. Em todas as raÃas, as correlaÃÃes genÃticas entre pesos de idades subseqÃentes, prÃximas entre si, foram elevadas, tendendo à unidade, havendo correlaÃÃes negativas entre pesos tomados em idades mais jovens e aqueles tomados em idades mais avanÃadas. Existe variabilidade genÃtica suficiente para permitir seleÃÃo destas raÃas, de forma a alterar suas trajetÃrias de crescimento. Entretanto, as diferenÃas no padrÃo desta variabilidade sugerem diferentes procedimentos de seleÃÃo para cada uma das raÃas. O controle genÃtico sob os pesos nas fases iniciais do crescimento nÃo à o mesmo que atua em idades mais tardias. Este aspecto à importante para o estabelecimento de adequadas estratÃgias de seleÃÃo. A seleÃÃo de animais para abate em idade jovem deve assim ser diferente daquela para animais de reposiÃÃo no rebanho

Thesis (M.A.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2002. / Bibliography: leaves 149-156.