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Orientador: Oswaldo Luiz Alves / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T13:14:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula_AmauriJardimde_D.pdf: 5147163 bytes, checksum: 5adb7ae3c081749f414b5e64e35a8135 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Partindo-se do método de Stöber, um elegante e eficiente processo de síntese de partículas coloidais de SiO2, adaptações foram feitas para que fosse possível produzir nanopartículas porosas (50-80 nm) com alto valor de área de superfície (~1000 m g), volume de poros (~1,5 m g) e alta estabilidade coloidal. As nanoestruturas são compostas de nanopartículas coloidais de sílica hierarquicamente funcionalizadas, com poros internos com estrutura desordenada e diâmetros que vão de 1,8 a 10 nanômetros, funcionalizados com grupos fenil, e superfície externa recoberta com grupos propilmetilfosfonato ionizáveis. A funcionalização hierárquica e quimicamente antagônica (hidrofóbica = poros internos; hidrofílica = superfície externa) permite que moléculas hidrofóbicas (baixa solubilidade em água) sejam facilmente incorporadas nas cavidades porosas hidrofóbicas, ao passo que as partículas se mantêm de forma estável dispersas em água por meses. Moléculas hidrofóbicas foram incorporadas pelas nanopartículas porosas de SiO2 em concentração de até 3% (m/m) através da mistura de suspensões coloidais aquosas desses nanomateriais e as moléculas insolúveis (pós). A capacidade de incorporação da molécula hidrofóbica em questão (camptotecina) foi significantemente maior que outros sistemas porosos de SiO2 que estão sendo atualmente usados. A eficiência dos veículos moleculares foi comprovada através do carreamento da camptotecina, um potente agente antitumoral que levou à inibição do crescimento de células leucêmicas humanas. Além disso, as abordagens sintéticas usadas nessa Tese também possibilitaram a funcionalização da superfície externa das nanopartículas com outros grupos orgânicos hidrofílicos e reativos, como o propilamina. Consequentemente, as características dessas nanopartículas de SiO2 aqui mostradas preenchem uma série de demandas científicas atuais: a necessidade de nanoestruturas porosas de sílica com ampla distribuição de tamanho de poro, com morfologia homogênea, estreita distribuição de tamanhos e com real dispersibilidade em água (coloidais). Assim, o conjunto de propriedades apresentado abre perspectivas envolvendo o uso desse sistema como uma plataforma tecnológica suscetível a várias aplicações, servindo como um veículo para dispersão e liberação de moléculas hidrofóbicas em meio aquoso / Abstract: Based on the Stöber method, an elegant and efficient process for synthesizing SiO2 colloidal nanoparticles, modifications were done in order to produce porous nanoparticles (50-80 nm) with high surface area (~1000 mg), volume of pores (~1,5 m g) and high colloidal stability. The nanostructures are made of hierarchically functionalized colloidal silica nanoparticles, with internal pores with disordered structure and diameters ranging from 1.8 to 10 nanometers, functionalized with phenyl groups; and external surface covered with ionizable propylmethylphosphonate groups. The hierarchical and chemically antagonistic functionalization (hydrophobic = internal pores; hydrophilic = external surface) allows hydrophobic molecules (low solubility in water) to be easily incorporated in the hydrophobic porous cavities, whereas particles maintain stably dispersed in water for months. Hydrophobic molecules were incorporated by the porous SiO2 nanoparticles in concentrations up to 3% (w/w) simply by mixing colloidal aqueous suspensions of these nanomaterials and insoluble molecules (powders). The uptake capacity for a specific hydrophobic molecule (camptothecin) was significantly higher than in other porous systems of SiO2 that have been currently used. The efficiency of the molecular vehicles was evidenced through the transportation of camptothecin, a potent antitumoral agent which led to the growth inhibition of human leukemic cells. Besides, the synthetic approach used in this thesis also made possible the functionalization of the external surface of nanoparticles with other hydrophilic and reactive organic groups, such as propylamine. Consequently, the characteristics of these SiO2 nanoparticles here shown fulfill several current scientific demands: necessity of porous silica nanostructures with a wide distribution of pore sizes, homogeneous morphology, narrow size distribution and real dispersibility in water (colloidal). Thereby, this set of properties opens up perspectives involving the use of this system as a technological platform susceptible to several applications, acting as a vehicle for the dispersion and liberation of hydrophobic molecules in aqueous media / Doutorado / Quimica Inorganica / Doutor em Ciências

Le cancer colorectal (CCR) est l’un des cancers les plus diagnostiqués dans le monde mais surtout le 2ème cancerle plus mortel. Malgré les progrès de la recherche médicale dans les traitements anticancéreux, de nombreux effetssecondaires subsistent chez les patients ainsi que l’apparition de résistances aux traitements conventionnels. Ledéveloppement de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques anticancéreuses est donc nécessaire afin d’améliorer la priseen charge de ces patients. La thérapie photodynamique (PDT) utilisant des photosensibilisateurs (PS) se présentecomme une stratégie thérapeutique innovante limitant fortement ces effets secondaires indésirables. La PDT a étéapprouvée pour le traitement de certains cancers grâce à la génération d’espèces réactives de l’oxygènecytotoxiques uniquement après photoactivation des PS. Cependant, une faible solubilité et un manque de sélectivitédes PS vis à vis des sites tumoraux sont les principales limites en clinique. En effet, l’administration ciblée demédicaments est un point essentiel dans la thérapie anticancéreuse. La nanomédecine par l’utilisation denanoparticules permet d’améliorer le ciblage tumoral car elles sont capables de s’accumuler spontanément dansles tumeurs solides grâce à l’effet de perméabilité et de rétention accrue. L’objectif de cette étude a été dedémontrer l’intérêt de la vectorisation de la 5-(4-hydroxyphényl)-10,15,20-triphénylporphyrine-xylane (TPPOHX)sur des nanoparticules de silice (SNPs) afin d’augmenter l’efficacité anticancéreuse par un meilleur ciblagetumoral du traitement. Il a été démontré une augmentation significative de l’efficacité anticancéreuse des TPPOHXSNPs-PDT grâce à l’amélioration de l’internalisation cellulaire par rapport à la TPPOH libre-PDT sur 3 lignéescellulaires de CCR humain. De plus, il a été caractérisé que la mort cellulaire induite par les TPPOH-X SNPs-PDTest dépendante de la voie apoptotique et que l’autophagie joue un rôle de résistance à la mort cellulaire. Par ailleurs,in vivo et en l’absence de toxicité, les TPPOH-X SNPs-PDT induisent une augmentation de l’efficacitéanticancéreuse grâce à un meilleur ciblage tumoral par rapport à la TPPOH libre-PDT. Cette étude a donc permisde démontrer l’intérêt de la combinaison de la PDT et de la nanomédecine afin d’améliorer les futurs traitementsanticancéreux. / Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer globally but above all the second leading cause ofdeath for oncological reasons. Despite medical research advances in anti-cancer treatments, many side effectspersist in patients as well as development of resistances to conventional treatments. The development of new anticancertherapeutic strategies is necessary in order to improve care of patients. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) usingphotosensitizers (PS) comes as an innovative therapeutic strategy severely restricting these undesirable sideeffects. PDT has been approved for treatment of some cancers due to the generation of cytotoxic reactive oxygenspecies only with photoactivated PS. However, low physiological solubility and lack of selectivity towards tumorsites are the main limitations of their clinical use. Indeed, targeted drug delivery is a crucial point in cancer therapy.Nanomedicine through the use of nanoparticles improves tumor-targeting because they are able to spontaneouslyaccumulate in solid tumors through an enhanced permeability and retention effect. The purpose of this study wasto prove added value of 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin-xylan (TPPOH-X) vectorization bysilica nanoparticles (SNPs) in order to enhance anti-cancer efficacy through better tumor-targeting. It has beendemonstrated significant anti-cancer efficacy increase of TPPOH-X SNPs-PDT thanks to cellular uptakeimprovement relative to free TPPOH-PDT in 3 human CRC cell lines. Moreover, it has been characterized thatcell death induced by TPPOH-X SNPs-PDT is conducted via apoptosis and autophagy acts as a resistance pathwayto cell death. Furthermore, in vivo and without toxicity, TPPOH-X SNPs-PDT induce an elevated anti-cancerefficacy through improvement of tumor-targeting compared to free TPPOH-PDT. This study therefore highlightedthe added value of PDT and nanomedicine combination in order to improve future cancer treatments.