With or without global consent, China and India are the rising powers in Asia. After 1962, these two states have experienced enduring rivalries with historical and intricate hostility over the issues of territory, the sanctuary of Tibetan refugees on Indian territory, polarized relations with Pakistan, and geopolitical and resources competition. However, these disagreements have evolved from confrontation to the mixed elements of competition and cooperation to date. Sino-Indian relations have undergone a transformation with momentum toward cooperation on a number of regional and global issues over the last two decades. This thesis aims at exploring why Sino-Indian relations have been transformed from enmity to amity. To do so, I apply the peace and war theory of an international relations theorist, Benjamin Miller, as a main theoretical framework to analyse the transformations of Sino-Indian relations between 1950s and 2013. Thus, this thesis finds alternative explanations of the regional orders to account for why rivals states tend to peacefully coexist, contributing to peace studies. This thesis argues that the transformations of Sino-Indian relations from hot war to cold war, then to cold peace can be contributed to two factors: firstly, the end of superpower competition and the presence of the great powers – Russia, between 1990 and 1999, and the US, after 2000 –imposing regional stability. Secondly, China and India suffered from the problems of a “state-to-nation imbalance”, causing the 1962 war. Moreover, the Sino-Indian relations were characterized by the challenges to the unresolved border disputes associated with China’s Tibet issue, making peace reversible and a high level of warm peace more difficult.

Unidad de práctica para optar al título de Químico Farmacéutico / No autorizada por el autor para ser publicada a texto completo en el Portal de Tesis Electrónicas / La práctica prolongada fue realizada en los Departamentos de Desarrollo y de Control de Calidad de Laboratorio Petrizzio S.A. En el Departamento de Desarrollo se efectuaron registros de productos cosméticos como bronceadores, crema antiarrugas, brillo labial, sombra y lápices delineadores de ojos y labios, entre otros. Además, se realizaron modificaciones de registros de productos cosméticos, que se centraron en el cambio de fórmulas y cambio de especificaciones de producto terminado, y se inscribieron productos de higiene y odorizantes. En el laboratorio de control de calidad se realizaron estudios de estabilidad para determinar el período de vida útil de numerosos productos, ya que la nueva reglamentación exige presentar la vigencia de todo producto ante cualquier registro nuevo o modificación de registro, y también rotularla en el envase del producto. Se efectuaron estudios de estantería, para productos antiguos, y de estabilidad acelerada para productos nuevos. En conjunto con las actividades mencionadas, se realizó un análisis del nuevo reglamento de cosméticos, Reglamento del Sistema Nacional de Control de Cosméticos, DS 239/02, mediante la comparación con el anterior reglamento. Además, se discutió cuáles son las ventajas y desventajas que presenta y cuál es el rol que le cabe al profesional Químico Farmacéutico con las modificaciones que trae consigo este reglamento. En términos generales, el nuevo Reglamento es un aporte al mundo de la cosmética, ya que contempla normas más específicas para los productos cosméticos y permite la agilización de los trámites para registrarlos. Sin embargo, al ser menos restrictivo que el anterior Reglamento, se pierde control sobre los productos cosméticos y se traspasa esta responsabilidad a las empresas que los fabrican y/o distribuyen, por lo tanto, es ahí donde el profesional Químico Farmacéutico debe tener mayor conciencia de su propia responsabilidad para hacer cumplir el Reglamento y asegurar así la calidad de los productos cosméticos y la salud de la población

Recent problematic military interventions, as part of the Global War on Terror, have led to widespread criticism that British policy-makers have failed to learn lessons from history. At the same time as the accusations of not learning, the British government has repeatedly claimed that lessons have been learned, particularly from the disastrous war in Iraq. This thesis investigates these contradicting claims by analysing learning from the past in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Ministry of Defence and the Intelligence Community across four case studies of British military intervention in the Middle East; 1958 in Jordan, 1961 in Kuwait, the 1990-1991 Gulf War and 2003-2009 Iraq War. It provides a fresh analysis of these highly significant events, using previously undisclosed documents, offers an assessment of learning processes and concludes by recommending practical suggestions for the improvement of learning from history in the future.

In Saudi Arabia there is a growing amount of leisure time and a high percentage of disposable income is being spent on various forms of tourism; such trends have increased the number of Saudis travelling to tourist destinations, internationally or domestically. Spending the annual holiday away from Saudi is normal for most Saudi families and it is estimated that the total expenditure on domestic tourism in Saudi Arabia is only 16.7% of total tourism expenditure. International expenditure was estimated (in 1995) to be US$7.6 million US$ and this increased to more than US$ 8.2 million in 1997 which is about 17.3% of total oil revenue estimated in 1998 and nearly 5.6% of the Saudi gross domestic product. Consequently, foreign tourism is a substantial drain on the current account, so the government has been trying to persuade more of its citizens to holiday at home. This situation will require tourism marketer to understand fully the need of tourists. Under increasingly competitive conditions, effective tourism marketing is impossible with out an understanding of tourists' motivation to choose a Saudi travel destination. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyse the status of domestic tourism motivation. The research took place in Saudi Arabia, concentrating on the motivation 'push' and 'pull' factors of tourist behaviour towards domestic tourism in an Islamic and Arabic culture. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire using a 5-point Likert-scale. Out of 1400 questionnaires distributed, in two tourism cities Jeddah and Abha, 505 usable questionnaires were verified and prepared for the final analysis. In view of the intensive and extensive data and interdependent relationships between variables, the statistical techniques used in this research include reliability analysis, frequencies, cross tabulation, mean, standard deviation, chi-square, factor analysis, Pearson correlation, multiple regression and one-way ANOVA. The results of the analysis of push motivation indicates nine factors: (Fl) cultural value factor; (F2) utilitarian factor; (F3) knowledge factor; (F4) social factor; (F5) economical factor; (F6) family togetherness factor; (F7) interest factor; (F8) relaxation factor; (F9) convenience of facilities factor. The result of the factor loading for pull motivational items presents nine pull factors: (Fl) safety factor; (F2) activity factor; (F3) beach sports/activities factor; (F4) nature/outdoor factor; (F5) historical/cultural factor; (F6) religious factor; (F7) budget factor; (F8) leisure factor; (F9) upscale factor. This study found that the most important push and pull factors as perceived by Saudi tourists are 'cultural value' and 'religious'. The major findings of the study were that the push factors positively and strongly related to pull factors. Also, the study found that no significant correlation existed between push and pull motivation items and the social demographic variables, educational level, income level and age. The only significant correlation was found between pull motivation items and the gender. In the case of the push factors the test found that there is no significant correlation between push motivation factors and the educational level, with one exception, a significant correlation between social factor and the educational level in Abha. The study found that there are significant correlations between the economical push motivation factor and the income level, while the remaining eight factors are not significantly correlated with the income level in Jeddah. Also, there is a significant correlation between the knowledge factor and the income level in Abha. The results indicate that there is significant correlation between push motivation factors and age as follow: cultural value factor and age in Jeddah, interest factor and age in Abha and social factor and age in Abha. The study found that there is significant correlation between push motivation factors and the gender. A significant correlation is found between the interest factor, social factor and the gender in Jeddah. In addition, a significant correlation is found between the interests, the cultural value, the utilitarian factors and the gender in Abha. Relating to pull factors, the results indicate that there is no significance correlation between pull motivation factors and the educational level with the exception of a significant correlation between the upscale factor and the educational level in Jeddah, and a significant correlation between the activity factor and the educational level in Abha. A significance correlation exists between the upscale factor and the income level in both Jeddah and Abha. There is no significant correlation between pull motivation factors and age in Jeddah. However, there is significant correlation between the activity factor, the beach sports activities factor, the upscale factor and age in Abha. There is no significance correlation between pull motivation factors and gender in Jeddah, except the activity factor. In Abha there is significant correlation between the nature/outdoor factor, the activity factor, the safety factor and gender. The results indicate that educational and income level have no significant correlation with the kind of accommodation, while tourist age and the length of tourist stay have significant and strong correlation with the kind of accommodation. In respect of the family number and the kind of accommodation the result shows that there is a significant correlation between the kind of accommodation and the number of adults and number of children under 11 years group. The study indicates that there is no correlation between the kind of accommodation and the number of children in the 11- 16 years group. The complex interdependent relationships mean that providers of tourist facilities have to have a deep understanding of the motivation of potential markets to provide the required facilities and activities.

Alginates are (1and4) linked linear copolysaccharides composed of B-D-mannuronic acid (M) and its C-5 epimer, a-L-guluronic acid (G). Several strategies to synthesize organically modified alginate derivatives have been reported, but almost all chemistries are performed in either aqueous or aqueous-organic media. The ability to react alginates homogeneously in organic solvents would open up access to a wide range of new chemistries and derivatives. However, past attempts have been restricted by the absence of methods for alginate dissolution in organic media. We therefore report a strategy to solubilize tetrabutylammonium (TBA) salts of alginic acid in polar aprotic solvents containing tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF). Acylation of TBA-alginate was performed in DMSO/TBAF to get products with DSacetyl up to ~ 1.0. We further report that by using appropriate solvent conditions, placement of acyl groups can be controlled to achieve either random or M-selective substitution. Alginate acetates synthesized in an M-selective fashion were used to study the ability of these derivatives to form Ca-crosslinked hydrogels. Detailed structure-property analyses were performed to identify acetylation reaction conditions and product properties that may be ideal for hydrogel formation. Furthermore, alginate esters were synthesized via modification of carboxylate groups on the backbone. These derivatives dissolved in polar aprotic solvents without the need to add TBAF. A proof of concept study showed their utility in the solubility enhancement of the poorly water soluble flavonoid naringenin. / Ph. D.

As doenças cardiovasculares (DCVs) são as doenças não transmissíveis com maiores taxas de morbidade e mortalidade no Brasil e no mundo, tendo grande impacto socioeconômico. Dentre os fatores de risco (FRs) biopsicossociais estudados, a personalidade tipo D (PTD) destaca-se como um FR psicossocial emergente e crônico que se refere à personalidade não patológica que torna o indivíduo mais suscetível a outros FRs, aumentando as chances de estabelecimento e prognóstico desfavorável de DCVs. Caracteriza-se pela apresentação simultânea dos traços de personalidade Afetividade Negativa (AN) e Inibição Social (IS), podendo ser detectada pela DS-14, escala composta por 14 itens (subescalas de AN e de IS, cada uma com sete itens) cujas opções de resposta variam em escala Likert de cinco pontos, de zero (False) a quatro (True). Este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar a adaptação da DS-14 para o Brasil, além de comparar sua manifestação em pessoas com e sem DCV. O processo de tradução e adequação cultural baseou-se nas recomendações da American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons e do Institute of Work and Health, e teve a participação de dois tradutores, dois retrotradutores e uma linguista. As versões elaboradas foram testadas para confirmação de adequação. Para a verificação de evidências de validade, os escores das subescalas AN e IS foram correlacionados aos escores das subescalas da Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade e foi efetuada análise fatorial exploratória. Para analisar a fidedignidade foi realizado teste-reteste e análise de consistência interna. Os dados de prevalência da PTD e comparação dos escores das subescalas foram obtidos da mesma amostra do estudo psicométrico. A DS-14, versão em português, foi testada com 40 sujeitos, sendo 60,0% do sexo feminino, com média de 45,2 anos de idade (DP=14,95), 72,5% sem problemas de saúde, até que se chegasse à DS-14 versão final, utilizada no estudo psicométrico. Este teve a participação de 184 sujeitos, dos quais 54,3% eram do sexo feminino, tendo em média 47,45 anos de idade (DP=13,48), sendo que 56,5% não tinham DCV. A partir da amostra total, 140 indivíduos compuseram estratificação proporcional de acordo com os subgrupos da população cardiopata (70 sujeitos) e da população geral (70 sujeitos) de Ribeirão Preto para correlação com a BFP. Destes, 44 ainda compareceram após média de 96 dias para reaplicação da escala. Os coeficientes de correlação da AN com o traço Neuroticismo (0,63, p<0,01), assim como o da IS com o traço Extroversão (-0,32, p<0,01) correspondem aos encontrados na literatura internacional e são coerentes com suas definições teóricas. A análise fatorial exploratória encontrou dois fatores (AN e IS) que, juntos, explicam 46,58% da variância dos dados. Os itens da DS-14 se agruparam exatamente conforme escala a original, corroborando o modelo teórico e somando-se aos dados de outros trabalhos para fortalecer as evidências de validade da DS-14. Foram encontrados os índices de 0,76 (AN) e 0,65 (IS) na correlação teste-reteste, e 0,79 (AN) e 0,76 (IS) na análise de consistência interna, o que, junto aos resultados acima, demonstra que a DS-14 tem características psicométricas adequadas para uso junto à população brasileira. A prevalência de PTD na amostra total foi de 45,7%, com escore médio de 24,99 (11,60), com presença de PTD em 50% da amostra cardiopata e 42,3% da amostra sem cardiopatia. Com relação às subescalas, os escores do Grupo DCV foram maiores do que os escores do Grupo sem DCV, com diferença estatisticamente significante no traço AN. A DS-14 é de aplicação rápida e adequada à língua portuguesa usada no Brasil. Os resultados do estudo psicométrico apresentaram evidências consistentes de validade e de fidedignidade, o que a torna um instrumento seguro para uso em pesquisas brasileiras. A tendência da PTD ser mais intensa em indivíduos cardiopatas deve ser melhor estudada. / Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the non-communicable diseases which present the highest rates of morbidity and mortality both in Brazil and the world, causing a major social economic impact. Among studied bio-psychosocial risk factors (RFs), Type D personality (TDP) stands out as an emergent and chronic psychosocial RF, which refers to the non-pathological personality that makes the individual more susceptible to other RFs, increasing the chances for adverse onset and prognosis of CVDs. It is characterized by the simultaneous presentation of the personality traits: Negative Affectivity (NA) and Social Inhibition (SI), and it can be detected by the DS-14, a scale consisting of 14 items (seven-item subscales of NA and SI) whose response options vary according to the five-point Likert scale, from zero (False) to four (True). This study aimed to adapt the DS-14 scale to Brazil, as well as to compare its manifestation in people with or without CVDs. The process of translation and cultural adaptation was based on the recommendations offered by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the Institute of Work and Health, and it was performed by two translators, two retro-translators and a linguist. The elaborated versions were tested in order to confirm the adequacy. In order to verify the evidences for validity, the scores for the subscales NA and SI were correlated to the scores for the subscales from the Factorial Personality Test Battery and an exploratory factorial analysis was conducted. A test-retest and an internal consistency analysis were accomplished in order to study the reliability. The data for the prevalence of TDP and for the comparison of the subscales scores were obtained from the same sample of the psychometric study. The DS-14 Portuguese version was tested in 40 subjects, from those, 60% were female, 45.2 years old in average (SD=14.95), 72.5% did not have any health problems. In the psychometric study 184 subjects participated, from which 54.3% were female, 47.45 years old in average (SD=13.48), and 54.3% did not have CVDs. From the total sample, 140 individuals were part of a proportional stratification, according to the subgroups of the population with heart disease (70 subjects) and the general population (70 subjects) from the city of Ribeirão Preto for the correlation with the Factorial Personality Test Battery. From these, 44 presented for retest after an average of 96 days. The correlation coefficient for NA with the trait of Neuroticism (0.63, p<0.01), as well as the coefficient for SI with the trait of Extraversion (-0.32, p<0.01) correspond to the ones found in international literature and are coherent with their theoretical definitions. The exploratory factorial analysis found two factors (NA and SI), which, together, explain the variance of 46.58% of the data. The items of the DS-14 grouped themselves exactly according to the original scale, confirming the theoretical model and adding to the data of other studies to strengthen the evidences for the DS-14 validity. Rates of 0.76 (NA) and 0.65 (SI) were found in the test-retest correlation, and 0.79 (NA) and 0.76 (SI) were found in the internal consistency analysis, which, along with the aforementioned results, demonstrate that DS-14 have adequate psychometric characteristics to be used in Brazilian population. The prevalence for TDP in the total sample was 45.7% with average score of 24.99% (11.60), as TDP was present in 50% of the population with heart disease and 42.3% in the population without any heart disease. Regarding the subscales, the scores for the CVD Group were higher than the scores for the Group without CVD, differing significantly statically in the NA trait. The DS-14 has a rapid and suitable application to be used in Brazil. The results for the psychometric study presented consistent evidences of validity and reliability, which makes it a safe instrument in Brazilian research. The tendency for TDP to be more intense in individuals with heart disease must be studied more deeply.

As doenças cardiovasculares (DCVs) são as doenças não transmissíveis com maiores taxas de morbidade e mortalidade no Brasil e no mundo, tendo grande impacto socioeconômico. Dentre os fatores de risco (FRs) biopsicossociais estudados, a personalidade tipo D (PTD) destaca-se como um FR psicossocial emergente e crônico que se refere à personalidade não patológica que torna o indivíduo mais suscetível a outros FRs, aumentando as chances de estabelecimento e prognóstico desfavorável de DCVs. Caracteriza-se pela apresentação simultânea dos traços de personalidade Afetividade Negativa (AN) e Inibição Social (IS), podendo ser detectada pela DS-14, escala composta por 14 itens (subescalas de AN e de IS, cada uma com sete itens) cujas opções de resposta variam em escala Likert de cinco pontos, de zero (False) a quatro (True). Este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar a adaptação da DS-14 para o Brasil, além de comparar sua manifestação em pessoas com e sem DCV. O processo de tradução e adequação cultural baseou-se nas recomendações da American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons e do Institute of Work and Health, e teve a participação de dois tradutores, dois retrotradutores e uma linguista. As versões elaboradas foram testadas para confirmação de adequação. Para a verificação de evidências de validade, os escores das subescalas AN e IS foram correlacionados aos escores das subescalas da Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade e foi efetuada análise fatorial exploratória. Para analisar a fidedignidade foi realizado teste-reteste e análise de consistência interna. Os dados de prevalência da PTD e comparação dos escores das subescalas foram obtidos da mesma amostra do estudo psicométrico. A DS-14, versão em português, foi testada com 40 sujeitos, sendo 60,0% do sexo feminino, com média de 45,2 anos de idade (DP=14,95), 72,5% sem problemas de saúde, até que se chegasse à DS-14 versão final, utilizada no estudo psicométrico. Este teve a participação de 184 sujeitos, dos quais 54,3% eram do sexo feminino, tendo em média 47,45 anos de idade (DP=13,48), sendo que 56,5% não tinham DCV. A partir da amostra total, 140 indivíduos compuseram estratificação proporcional de acordo com os subgrupos da população cardiopata (70 sujeitos) e da população geral (70 sujeitos) de Ribeirão Preto para correlação com a BFP. Destes, 44 ainda compareceram após média de 96 dias para reaplicação da escala. Os coeficientes de correlação da AN com o traço Neuroticismo (0,63, p<0,01), assim como o da IS com o traço Extroversão (-0,32, p<0,01) correspondem aos encontrados na literatura internacional e são coerentes com suas definições teóricas. A análise fatorial exploratória encontrou dois fatores (AN e IS) que, juntos, explicam 46,58% da variância dos dados. Os itens da DS-14 se agruparam exatamente conforme escala a original, corroborando o modelo teórico e somando-se aos dados de outros trabalhos para fortalecer as evidências de validade da DS-14. Foram encontrados os índices de 0,76 (AN) e 0,65 (IS) na correlação teste-reteste, e 0,79 (AN) e 0,76 (IS) na análise de consistência interna, o que, junto aos resultados acima, demonstra que a DS-14 tem características psicométricas adequadas para uso junto à população brasileira. A prevalência de PTD na amostra total foi de 45,7%, com escore médio de 24,99 (11,60), com presença de PTD em 50% da amostra cardiopata e 42,3% da amostra sem cardiopatia. Com relação às subescalas, os escores do Grupo DCV foram maiores do que os escores do Grupo sem DCV, com diferença estatisticamente significante no traço AN. A DS-14 é de aplicação rápida e adequada à língua portuguesa usada no Brasil. Os resultados do estudo psicométrico apresentaram evidências consistentes de validade e de fidedignidade, o que a torna um instrumento seguro para uso em pesquisas brasileiras. A tendência da PTD ser mais intensa em indivíduos cardiopatas deve ser melhor estudada. / Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the non-communicable diseases which present the highest rates of morbidity and mortality both in Brazil and the world, causing a major social economic impact. Among studied bio-psychosocial risk factors (RFs), Type D personality (TDP) stands out as an emergent and chronic psychosocial RF, which refers to the non-pathological personality that makes the individual more susceptible to other RFs, increasing the chances for adverse onset and prognosis of CVDs. It is characterized by the simultaneous presentation of the personality traits: Negative Affectivity (NA) and Social Inhibition (SI), and it can be detected by the DS-14, a scale consisting of 14 items (seven-item subscales of NA and SI) whose response options vary according to the five-point Likert scale, from zero (False) to four (True). This study aimed to adapt the DS-14 scale to Brazil, as well as to compare its manifestation in people with or without CVDs. The process of translation and cultural adaptation was based on the recommendations offered by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the Institute of Work and Health, and it was performed by two translators, two retro-translators and a linguist. The elaborated versions were tested in order to confirm the adequacy. In order to verify the evidences for validity, the scores for the subscales NA and SI were correlated to the scores for the subscales from the Factorial Personality Test Battery and an exploratory factorial analysis was conducted. A test-retest and an internal consistency analysis were accomplished in order to study the reliability. The data for the prevalence of TDP and for the comparison of the subscales scores were obtained from the same sample of the psychometric study. The DS-14 Portuguese version was tested in 40 subjects, from those, 60% were female, 45.2 years old in average (SD=14.95), 72.5% did not have any health problems. In the psychometric study 184 subjects participated, from which 54.3% were female, 47.45 years old in average (SD=13.48), and 54.3% did not have CVDs. From the total sample, 140 individuals were part of a proportional stratification, according to the subgroups of the population with heart disease (70 subjects) and the general population (70 subjects) from the city of Ribeirão Preto for the correlation with the Factorial Personality Test Battery. From these, 44 presented for retest after an average of 96 days. The correlation coefficient for NA with the trait of Neuroticism (0.63, p<0.01), as well as the coefficient for SI with the trait of Extraversion (-0.32, p<0.01) correspond to the ones found in international literature and are coherent with their theoretical definitions. The exploratory factorial analysis found two factors (NA and SI), which, together, explain the variance of 46.58% of the data. The items of the DS-14 grouped themselves exactly according to the original scale, confirming the theoretical model and adding to the data of other studies to strengthen the evidences for the DS-14 validity. Rates of 0.76 (NA) and 0.65 (SI) were found in the test-retest correlation, and 0.79 (NA) and 0.76 (SI) were found in the internal consistency analysis, which, along with the aforementioned results, demonstrate that DS-14 have adequate psychometric characteristics to be used in Brazilian population. The prevalence for TDP in the total sample was 45.7% with average score of 24.99% (11.60), as TDP was present in 50% of the population with heart disease and 42.3% in the population without any heart disease. Regarding the subscales, the scores for the CVD Group were higher than the scores for the Group without CVD, differing significantly statically in the NA trait. The DS-14 has a rapid and suitable application to be used in Brazil. The results for the psychometric study presented consistent evidences of validity and reliability, which makes it a safe instrument in Brazilian research. The tendency for TDP to be more intense in individuals with heart disease must be studied more deeply.

No description available.

This thesis examines how Israeli critical activist engagement with the Palestinian call for just peace reframes Israel-Palestine. The thesis makes a political-theoretical intervention by arguing that Israeli civil society engagement with the principles underlying just peace requires, if it is to be successful, the utilisation of non-statist conceptualisations of peace politics. The thesis draws upon feminist critical theory and postcolonial critique to theorise peace politics as a practice of solidarity. From this perspective the conflict is analysed through the prism of Nancy Fraser’s ‘all affected’ principle which asserts that all those whose lives and wellbeing are affected by an institution of power, whether that be a state or a transnational corporation, are subjects of justice in relation to that institution, whether they hold the same citizenship as its representatives or not. Thus, by virtue of sharing the same, albeit politically diffentiated, geo-political space Israelis and Palestinians residing in Israel within its 1948 borders, the West Bank and Gaza Strip, as well as the refugees outside Israel-Palestine, are subjects of justice and potential solidarity. As such, the Palestinians have the right to demand justice not only from the state of Israel but also from its citizens. The activist work, narratives and responses of three critical Israeli case study groups are examined in relation to the call for just peace: Anarchists Against the Wall (AATW), the Israeli Committee Against House Demolitions (ICAHD), and Zochrot (Remembering). The activist narratives and practices examined testify to the way in which critical Israeli engagement with nonviolent ethical responsibility towards the Palestinian people can result in unprecedented narrative convergence, practical solidarity, and the possibility for non-domination and cohabitation. These critical activist practices reveal just peace as an emergent and ongoing project to reframe and rearticulate the contemporary relations of oppression and domination in Israel-Palestine.

Knowledge, and its appropriate management, has been increasingly recognised as a critical source of sustainable competitive advantage for companies. Within this context, many companies are developing their strategies and capabilities to effectively create, share and exploit knowledge. This issue has been seen to be particularly important in project-based industries, such as the construction industry. However, in spite of the espoused value of knowledge management approaches they often deliver benefits far below expectations. Research and practice has identified a number of problems and barriers which have depleted the actual benefits of knowledge management in projects and companies. A generic finding is that the major problem is the lack of effective integration of key knowledge management components. Knowledge maps have been promoted as a key solution to bring about this required integrated approach. The knowledge mapping approach has taken root in other sectors (particularly education and manufacturing), but is still at an embryonic state in construction. The starting point for this research is to investigate the potential utility of knowledge mapping as an approach to improving corporate and project performance. First, a concept model for appropriate knowledge mapping within construction project organisations was articulated through a relevant literature review. The model is made up of four key variables: interaction environment, construction actors, construction processes and knowledge transfer technologies. The concept model was tested through a single-holistic case study within a large construction and property consulting practice in South Korea. Data collection was through semistructured interviews and company document review. The primary data was analysed using content analysis and cognitive mapping. The research findings broadly confirmed that knowledge mapping is an effective approach in integrating project resources and technologies for successful knowledge management within the case study firm. The key characteristics of the concept model in practice are identified and illustrated. A contingency approach to knowledge mapping is proposed with appropriate approaches dependent upon the scope of the construction processes and the scope of the construction actors.