Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-117). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Orientador: Elias Leite Mendonça / Coorientador: Alessandro L. R. dos Santos / Banca: Denis Dalmazi / Banca: Alysson Fábio Ferrari / Resumo: Nesta dissertação serão analisados os dois modelos conhecidos na literatura que descrevem partículas massivas de spin 3/2 em D=2+1 dimensões. Essa análise será feita, assim como nos trabalhos relacionados aos bósons (spin 1, spin 2 e spin 3), via procedimento de Imersão de Calibre de Noether (ICN), Solda generalizada, análise de vínculos e condições de Fierz-Pauli. Através de argumentos de simetria, via ICN, apresentaremos uma forma de relacionar os dois modelos e mostraremos que é possível construir um novo modelo de terceira ordem em derivadas. Apresentaremos um modelo de dubleto de segunda ordem em derivadas de onde é possível obter os demais modelos auto-duais da teoria. A partir da aplicação da ICN no modelo de dubleto construiremos um novo modelo, de quarta ordem em derivadas, análogo a versão linearizada da chamada " New Massive Gravity" / Abstract: In this master's thesis we will analyze the two known models in the literature wich describe massive spin 3/2 particles in D = 2 + 1 dimensions. This analysis will be done, as was previously done on works related to the bosons (spin- 1, spin- 2 and spin- 3 ), via Noether gauge embedment (NGE) procedure, generalized soldering, hamiltonian constraints analysis and Fierz-Pauli conditions. Through symmetry arguments, by NGE, we will present a way of relating the two models and show that it is possible to construct a new model in third order derivatives. We will show a second order derivative doublet-model whence it is possible to obtain the other self-dual models of the theory. From the application of NGE in the dublet model we will construct a new model, wich has a fourth-order derivative term, analogue to the linearized version of the so-called "New Massive Gravity" / Mestre

In this thesis, we study certain non-perturbative aspects of N=1 gauge theories. We show how to compute the expectation values of chiral operators (i.e. those that preserve the anti-chiral supercharges) exactly from a first-principle approach based on the path integral over the microscopic fields. <p><p>The text is divided into two parts. The first one consists of an original introduction to the tools that underlie the researches and results obtained during this thesis. After a general introduction, we present some methods to obtain exact results. Covered topics include instantons, N=2 supersymmetry and localization,N=1 supersymmetry and holomorphy, and finally the Dijgraaf-Vafa matrix model formalism and the perturbative generalized Konishi anomaly equations. These preliminaries were chosen to enlighten the presentation of our results. A brief overview of our results is then. This includes localization in some N=1 gauge theories, its applications to the computation of chiral correlators as well as a non-perturbative discussion of the generalized Konishi equations and of the Dijkgraaf-Vafa glueball superpotential. We insist on the ideas and the results, postponing the details for the second part, which consists of a faithful reproduction of the papers published during this thesis and in which the author has been involved. /<p><p>Dans cette thèse, nous étudions certains aspects non-perturbatifs des théories de jauge supersymétriques N=1. Plus précisemment, nous montrons comment les valeurs moyennes des opérateurs chiraux (qui préservent la moitié des supercharges) dans les vides quantiques peuvent être calculées sans approximations, à partir d'une approche basée sur l'intégrale fonctionnelle sur les champs microscopiques. <p><p>Ce mémoire est divisé en deux parties. La première consiste en une introduction à l'approche microscopique des théories de jauge supersymétriques. Une grande fraction de celle-ci est dédiée à la présentation des concepts et méthodes qui sont à la base du développement de ce formalisme et de nos recherches. Ceci inclut les instantons, la supersymétrie N=2 et la localisation dans l'intégrale fonctionnelle, la supersymétrie N=1 et l'holomorphie, et enfin l'approche de Dijkgraaf-Vafa basée sur un modèle de matrices et les équations d'anomalie généralisées de Konishi. Ensuite, nous présentons le formalisme microscopique et les résultats obtenus durant cette thèse. Nous expliquons comment utiliser la technique de localisation dans certaines théories de jauge N=1 et comment l'appliquer au calcul des valeurs moyennes des opérateurs chiraux. Nous discutons également de façon non-perturbative les équations d'anomalie généralisées de Konishi et le superpotentiel de Dijkgraaf-Vafa. La plupart des résultats exacts connus dans les théories de jauge N=1 sont reproduits, dont la condensation des gluinos et la brisure de la symétrie chirale.<p>Nous insistons sur les idées et les résultats plutôt que sur les détails techniques. Ceux-ci sont décrits dans la seconde partie de ce mémoire, qui consiste en une reproduction fidèle des travaux publiés durant cette thèse. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished