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The problem of this research was to compare the ideas of Emile Durkheim and Max Weber concerning the relationship between society and religion. The primary sources for the study were The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life by Durkheim and The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism and The Sociology of Religion by Weber. An effort was made to establish similarities and differences in the views of the two theorists concerning (1) religious influences on social life and, conversely, (2) social influences on religion.

Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Psychology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-123). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url%5Fver=Z39.88-2004&res%5Fdat=xri:pqdiss &rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR11786

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-06-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:47:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreira_lm_me_mar.pdf: 542129 bytes, checksum: bfe0a2f7b1f116da253a9dd672306727 (MD5) / Esta dissertação possui dois objetivos fundamentais, quais sejam, analisar as condições subjetivas do progresso científico em Sociologia, por meio do conceito de obstáculo epistemológico e aplicar esse conceito a certos postulados da Sociologia de Émile Durkheim tendo como pano de fundo sua obra Da divisão do Trabalho Social (1999). Nossa ideia central é que Sociologia deve superar certos obstáculos. Tais quais, sua concepção de homem, considerado apenas em seu âmbito moral e as explicações do social pelo social. Os quais frente à atualidade de questões como as problemáticas sócio-ambientais tem se apresentado insuficientes para a formação de um novo espírito científico em Sociologia. Na medida em que desconsideram a relação do homem com a natureza / This dissertation has two main objectives namely to analyze the subjective conditions of scientific progress in Sociology, through the concept of epistemological obstacle and apply this concept to certain postulates of the sociology of Emile Durkheim as background with his work The Division of Labor social (1999). Our central idea is that sociology must overcome certain obstacles. As such, his conception of man, considered solely in its scope moral and social explanations of the social. The front of the current which issues such as social and environmental issues has appeared insufficient for the formation of a new scientific spirit in Sociology. To the extent that disregard the relationship between man and nature

5 v. (xliv, 1314 p.) A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call numbers: KNIGHT HV6545.D84M3 / Few have perceived that Durkheim entertained two distinct schemas of anomie and egoisme in his classic Suicide. I shall demonstrate that Durkheim shifted on his analytical axes from the notion that the absence of moral discipline generates modern suicides, to the more significant insight that anomie and egoisme are generated by the presence of extreme modern cultural sanctions. Absence/presence, too little/ too much--these are the key analytical axes around which Durkheim's two schemas of suicide revolved. Resting on his image of human nature (homo duplex) as inherently egoistic and insatiable, the first schema concerns the absence of legitimate moral constraint over the pre-social ego in the modern transitional crisis. The second schema, which shifted the original burden of insatiability from the organic half of human nature to modern culture, concerns the presence of cultural sanctions which absolutize individualism and d.rives for "progress and perfection." Only selected parts of the first schema have been perceived and pursued so far by sociologists. In the second schema, all four suicidal types are seen as the "exaggerated or deflected forms of virtues." Both anomie and egoisme proceed from common sources; they differ in their prime mode of expression .. Anomie is active; egoisme passive. When extreme individualism and drives for "progress and perfection" are turned against the external world, we see anomie--the "infinity of desires'--and the collapse of the will in frustration, as seen in suicides in the economic arena. This ethos,is supported by what I shall call the "Anglo Utilitarian Cultural Tradition." Further, when these twin sanctions for absolute individualism and legitimate insatiability are turned inward against the self, we witness egoisme--the "infinity of dreams'--and the collapse of the will and imagination in frustration and exhaustion seen in suicides of artists, poets, and intellectuals. This ethos of angst and the "journey into the interior," in which suicide becomes a vocation, is sanctioned by what I shall call the "Romantic-Idealistic Cultural Tradition." Finally, these ironic and destructive outcomes of some of our highest aspirations are then linked with Weber's work in the sociology of religion and culture. As an "infinity of desires" sanctioned by a dominant modern cultural tradition, anomie is interpreted as the secularized outcome of Protestant "inner-light," "inner-worldly asceticism." As an "infinity of dreams" sanctioned by another dominant contemporary cultural tradition, egoisme is interpreted as the secularized outcome of Protestant "inner-light," "inner-worldly mysticism." These twin expressions of our highest callings and heroic ideals are chronic forms of the "moral anarchy" and "diseases of the infinite" plaguing the modern world. Durkheim's moral philosophy of "human finitude" and health as the "golden mean,'" lead us to recognize, then, that when our virtues are pushed to extremes, they also become, ironically, our special vices. / Adviser: G. Benton Johnson

Philosophy, Practical & Systematic Theology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Philosophy)

Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Philosophy)