Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2019-03-01T12:48:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Ferreira Heissler_.pdf: 5310998 bytes, checksum: 8847fea2dddf83be1123bea3df10448c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-01T12:48:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Ferreira Heissler_.pdf: 5310998 bytes, checksum: 8847fea2dddf83be1123bea3df10448c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-10-09 / Nenhuma / Atualmente no Brasil as construtoras necessitam projetar e construir edificações residenciais com condições mínimas de isolamento acústico, e para tal, as características acústicas do sistema construtivo devem ser bem conhecidas. Para as condições de projeto, utilizam-se dados de isolamento acústico dos sistemas ensaiados em laboratório como valores de input em simulações computacionais, e assim, estimar os resultados que poderão ser obtidos em ensaios em campo. Entretanto, os requisitos que o sistema deve atender, na atual norma brasileira, são fundamentados somente em ensaios experimentais em laboratório ou em campo, particularmente, não contemplando o uso de métodos de predição acústica para se estimar o desempenho em etapas de projeto. Isso acarreta em uma necessidade de amostragem total da edificação, uma vez que requisitos são estipulados de acordo com a situação de uso das unidades. Deste modo, este trabalho busca apresentar resultados da diferença padronizada de nível ponderado e nível de pressão sonora de impacto-padrão ponderado de diferentes sistemas construtivos ensaiados em uma mesma edificação, com foco na análise comparativa das diferentes áreas e geometrias e na estimativa obtida de softwares de predição acústica. Os ensaios foram realizados em edifícios residenciais situados na região de Porto Alegre, de acordo com as normas técnicas ISO 16283-1 e ISO 16283-2, e estimados com o uso de software SONarchitect. Uma análise da incerteza de medição a partir de uma série histórica de dados foi realizada para se verificar se há influência da geometria na incerteza expandida. Para a condição de ruído aéreo, verificou-se que parte dos ensaios apresentaram resultados simulados com valor menor que os encontrados através de ensaio, e a incerteza de medição tende a um valor maior conforme o aumento do volume do cômodo ensaiado. Já para os ensaios de transmissão ao ruído de impacto, os valores estimados ficaram muito próximos dos resultados de ensaio, entretanto, não foi possível relacionar a incerteza de medição com o volume do cômodo ensaiado. / Currently in Brazil, building companies need to design and construct residential buildings with a minimum of acoustic insulation conditions, and to this end, the acoustic characteristics of the constructive system must be well known. For the design situation, sound insulation data of the systems tested in the laboratory are used as input values in computational simulations, and thus, to estimate the results that can be obtained in field tests. However, the requirements only contemplate the minimum results that the system must have when performed in the laboratory and verified in the field situation, not allowing the use of acoustic prediction methods to estimate the performance in design stages. This entails a need for total sampling of the building since requirements are established according to the kind of the units. Thus, this study aims to present results of the weighted standardized sound level difference and weighted standardized impact sound pressure level of different building systems tested in the same building, with a focus on comparative analysis of different areas and geometry and obtained from estimation of acoustic prediction software. The tests were carried out in residential buildings located in the region of Porto Alegre, according to the technical standards ISO 16283-1 and ISO 16283-2, and estimated with the use of software SONarchitect. An analysis of the uncertainty of measurement from a historical data series was carried out to verify if there is influence of the geometry in the expanded uncertainty. For the airborne condition, it was found that part of the tests presented shown results with a lower value than those found by means of the test, and the measurement uncertainty tends to be higher as the volume of the room tested increases. However, for the impact noise transmission tests, the estimated values were very close to the test results, however, it was not possible to relate the measurement uncertainty to the volume of the room tested.

健康檢查有益於疾病預防及促進健康，同理而言，透過老屋健檢檢視居住安全，有助於居民選擇合適的療法防止建物持續劣化。2016年2月6日高雄美濃地震引發大眾對於建物安全的關注，根據統計顯示臺北市住宅屋齡超過20年占總量78.51%，總樓層數5層以下占總量54.36%，顯示臺北市建物以老舊公寓為主，潛藏公共安全的風險，對老舊建物進行健檢顯得迫切且必要。2013年臺北市以人體健康檢查概念首創老屋健檢計畫，健檢對居民後續行動的影響及其政策成效乃本文焦點。 本文以2013和2014年臺北市老屋健檢申請案件及屋齡20年以上之公寓大廈社區為調查樣本，從個體面探討老屋健檢對居民改善環境意願的影響以及健檢與否導致後續行動之機率差異，並就總體面估計政策之成本效益。研究結果顯示，曾參與健檢者有意改善環境之機率較高，居民在建物設備及外牆安全健檢結果越差時，將增加改造環境的可能性；就總體面來說，現行政策投入少量成本即獲得可觀效益，顯示老屋健檢政策應持續執行。 / Physical examination is beneficial to disease prevention and health promotion. By the old building inspection plan, residents can inspect building environment, prevent the deterioration of the building, and cure disease in an appropriate way. 0206 earthquake caused many deaths, which has aroused the widespread social concern on building safety. According to the official statistics, there are 885,340 housing units in Taipei, about 78.51% of which are over 20 years old, about 54.36% of which are five-storey building or below. It is indicated that older building threaten public safety in Taipei. Hence, it is necessary and urgent to inspect ageing building. The old building inspection plan was held in 2013, which are a Taiwan's first policy. The objectives of this paper are to inspect whether the old building inspection can influence the aspiration of residents improve the building environment, and to examine the effects of the old building inspection plan. The samples of the study include: (1) the ageing buildings which have been involved in the old building inspection plan from 2013 to 2014；(2) the condominiums of 20 years old or above. At first, this paper aims to examine the effects of the old building inspection plan on residents' willingness, then discuss the probability on environment improving before and after joining the program. Finally, we calculate the effectiveness of policy. Empirical results demonstrate that residents who have been involved the plan are more willing to improve the environment. Building equipment and exterior walls performance are worse, residents are more willing to transform the environment. Finally, tremendous effect could be obtained by adding little cost under the support of current policy. It clearly showed that the old building inspection plan should be consistently carried on.