Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1926. / Vita. Bibliography: [3] p. at end.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1931. / Biographical. Bibliography: p. 45.

No description available.

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of the Degree of M.Tech.: Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, 2017. / The presence of dyes in effluent poses various environmental as well as health hazards for many organisms. Although various remediation strategies have been implemented to reduce their effect, dyes still manage to infiltrate into the environment and hence new strategies are required to address some of the problems. This study investigated the innovation of two cationic water-soluble polymers viz., Proline-Epichlorohydrin-Ethylenediamine Polymer (PEP) and Thiazolidine-Epichlorohydrin-Ethylenediamine Polymer (TEP) that were used to remediate selected synthetic dyes from synthetic effluent by adsorption and dye reduction. Both polymers were synthesized using monomers of a secondary amine, epichlorohydrin and ethylenediamine and were subsequently characterized and modified and their remediation potential studied. In the first study, PEP was synthesized and characterized by 1H-NMR Spectroscopy, FT-IR Spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Thereafter PEP was modified with bentonite clay, by simple mixing of the reactants, to form a Proline-Epichlorohydrin-Ethylenediamine Polymer-bentonite composite (PRO-BEN); it was characterized by FT-IR Spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/ energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Adsorption studies were then undertaken with a synthetic effluent containing three textile dyes, viz., Reactive Blue 222 (RB 222), Reactive Red 195 (RR 195) and Reactive Yellow (RY 145). Various conditions were investigated including pH of the solution, temperature, sodium chloride concentration, initial dye concentration and the dosage of adsorbent used. The experimental data for all dyes followed a Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption process was found to be pseudo-second order. According to the thermodynamic parameters, the adsorption of the dyes was classified as physisorption and the reaction was spontaneous and exothermic. The data were also compared using studies with alumina as an adsorbent. Results showed that PRO-BEN exhibited better absorptivity and desorption than alumina making its use a better recyclable remediation strategy for the removal of organic dyes in wastewater treatment plants. In the second study, TEP was synthesized and then characterized by FT-IR Spectroscopy, 1H-NMR Spectroscopy, TGA and DLS. Thereafter, TEP was used to prepare TEP capped gold nanoparticles (TEP-AuNPs). Herein, two methods were investigated: the Turkevich method and an adaptation of the Turkevich method using bagasse extract. The TEP-AuNPs was characterized by FT-IR Spectroscopy, SEM, EDX, DLS and TEM. Thereafter the reduction of each of Allura Red, Congo Red and Methylene Blue was investigated with the TEP-AuNPs for its catalytic activity toward dye reduction. This study showed that the batch of AuNPs prepared by the Turkevich method had higher rates of dye reduction compared with AuNPs prepared using bagasse extract. Also the quantity of TEP used as capping agent greatly influenced the size, shape and surface charge of the nanoparticles as well as their catalytic performance: the Vroman effect explained this behavior of the TEP-AuNPs. It was finally concluded that whilst PRO-BEN, in the first study, showed excellent dye remediation properties, the second study on TEP-AuNPs showed good catalytic activity for the reduction of selected dyes, however, it was more effective at lower polymer concentration. Finally, both materials displayed good potential for the clean-up of selected synthetic dyes from synthetic effluents. / M

No description available.

This research evaluated three variables within an AATCC experimental laboratory procedure for dyeing acetate. Evaluation of color measurement from test samples and transmission, an indicator of dye exhaustion, from final dyebath was focused on reproducibility of color from dyeing to dyeing and maximum dye exhaustion. Experimental effects were 1) pH of dyebath, 2) high dyeing temperature for the test fabric, an acetate tricot, and 3) time at the high dyeing temperature. Major findings included: 1. pH of 4 produces significantly higher X and Y color reflectance values, measured by the Color Eye^R at the .05 level. pH of 4 and 6 produce significantly higher Z color values at the .05 level. Transmission readings, measured by the Spec 20^R, indicate exhaustion for the Disperse Red 4, Disperse Blue 3, and Disperse Yellow 3 dyes and are significantly higher for pH of 4 at the .05 level. 2. Temperature of (150°F) 65.6°C and (175°F) 79.4°C give significantly higher transmission readings for Disperse Red 4 at the .05 level. (175°F) 79.4°C and (200°F) 82°C give significantly higher transmission readings for Disperse Blue 3 at the .05 level. Disperse Yellow 3 is unaffected by temperature. 3. Time at the high dyeing temperature had no effect on color measurements or transmission. 4. Transmission is a qualitative indicator of dye concentration and exhaustion. 5. Leakage was prevented with one time use of Ball Jar Lids^R on the AATCC Wash Cups IIA used on the Atlas LaundryOmeter.^R / Master of Science

Introduction In the past few years there has been a tremendous growth in texturized knit fabrics. Nearly all the texturized filament nylon consumed in 1972 'was used in knitwear (1). In addition to this increased consumer demand for knits, the consumer has also been increasing his demands for durabi1itv and utility in the fabrics he buys. The durability and utility included dyefastness properties of adequate colorfastness and acceptable levelness of dyeing (2). Because of the great amount of nylon used in knitwear and the consumer demand for higher quality, the problems associated with nylon have become increasingly important... / Master of Science

The study was conducted to determine congruence in the role of principals of vocational-technical centers in Virginia as perceived by principals, superintendents, and teachers. Twenty-three out of the 24 vocational-technical centers in the state were included in the study. There were 23 superintendents, 23 principals, and 65 teachers from a 20 percent sample who provided useable returns. Design and method of research. A list of 78 items believed to be the functions of principals of vocational-technical centers was developed from the literature and subjected to a jury of experts. Forty-eight items were included in the final instrument which utilized a Likert-type scale to measure perceptions of the respondents. The mail questionnaire technique was used. Analysis of data. Means and standard deviations were obtained on each item for each of the three subgroups. Factor analysis of the items resulted in the identification of six factors underlying the 48 functions. A z-test was used to determine the differences between the sample of teachers, and the principals and superintendents on each factor. / M.S.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 92-93).

The problem of investigating the possibilities of direct design transfer from plant to fabric and paper was divided into two parts. The first part is concerned with the exploration of the mechanics of the transfer. Invloved in this process are the technique of manipulating tools, of selecting suitable fabrics and paper, of determining chemicals that would facilitate the printing process and of experimenting with ways to preserve the finished design. The evaluation of the usability and durability of the finished print was based on a series of color fastness tests. The second part of this problem is concerned with the exploration of the design possibilities of the medium. The plants were tested and rated according to their visual attributes relative to the elements of design. Combinations of the successful plant prints were used to produce variations of pattern and texture. The results of the investigation were evaluated to determine the versatility of the medium as a design tool and the usefulness of the technique as a practical printing method