This study explores the potential impact of the Internet's marketspace on the internationalisation specifics of small technology-based firms (STBFs) in Northrhine-Westphalia, Germany. Utilising a multi-method approach, this study identifies several impacts of using the location-insensitive marketspace on the location-sensitive internationalisation process of STBFs in the marketplace. In particular, it was found that attitudinal, resource-related, information-related and network-related aspects of internationalisation were positively influenced. These effects facilitated, sometimes even enabled, the internationalisation of STBFs. STBF's direction of internationalisation was also influenced. Especially the foreign market selection of younger STBFs that used the Internet prior to their internationalisation was increasingly influenced by marketspace-related factors, potentially signalling a marketplace to marketspace shift for younger STBFs. But despite these impacts this study also shows that the traditional location-sensitive marketplace still matters a lot. It is not substituted by the Internet's marketspace and the emergence of a new internationalisation mode. Also, the marketspace does not constitute a panacea in itself. The findings show that Internet use levels for international business matter rather than the mere adoption of this new technology. These use levels are in turn dependent on a firm's experience with the marketspace, dependent on Internet use at the industry and international business partner level and, more importantly, dependent on the STBFs' product and industry-sensitive business model. In particular, STBFs that can adopt an Internet-centric business model for their international operations profit from the facilitating characteristics of the marketspace. However, the incremental internationalisation process characterised by expanding international orientations, strengthening resources and capabilities, gains in operational experience and characterised by the gathering of international business information remains. Although earlier and faster than in the past - in parts due to the Internet's marketspace - and although starting at higher levels of initial commitment - due to pre-inception resources accumulated by STBFs' founders - internationalisation in the marketspace-age still follows an incremental path.

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Submitted by Gisely Teixeira (gisely.teixeira@uniceub.br) on 2018-06-14T18:22:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 51500417.pdf: 1034690 bytes, checksum: 761f83e2bb16c6c37b03859d817b8a38 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-14T18:22:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 51500417.pdf: 1034690 bytes, checksum: 761f83e2bb16c6c37b03859d817b8a38 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 / O presente artigo aborda o tema “Marketplace: A grande salvação das lojas virtuais�. O objetivo desse estudo é descrever as grandes vantagens e a salvação que o marketplace traz para o e-commerce, identificando os desafios e conflitos nesta relação. Foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico de trabalhos atuais e de pesquisas de mercado fornecidas pela brpartners com lojistas de diversos tamanhos e segmentos. Com o surgimento da internet e as mudanças no perfil de compra dos consumidores muitas empresas perceberam oportunidades de expandirem seus negócios. Neste contexto, os profissionais de marketing adequaram às teorias fundamentais do comércio real para atenderem as necessidades deste novo mercado: o virtual, buscando consolidar um atendimento individualizado e continuo. O marketplace permite que o consumidor busque, escolha, e pague por produtos de diferentes lojistas eletrônicos num mesmo ambiente de compra. Esse tipo de parceria que surge entre lojistas e marketplace é diferente de outros relacionamentos de negócio, já que implica numa integração da operação de ambas as partes. Isso gera diferentes preocupações, benefícios percebidos e pontos de atenção do que em outras parcerias laterais.

Accompanied with the trend of free market economy and the rapid development of transportation and information technology, the international investment become more and more vigorous. This has caused the ongoing establishment and integration of the global collaborative system and supply chain. Every industry seeks the way to improve their competitiveness under the ever changing market environment. In the logistic industry, the trend goes from point to point transmission to supply chain management. The purpose is to offer integrated logistic service to fit customers¡¦ need. The developed countries set up the international distribution center in the airports and harbors to support the global logistic system. Domestic logistic service providers face the new challenge of global logistics. They need the aids of information technology to improve their international competitiveness. However, the implementation of logistics e-business solution require a holistic policy perspective because that the multifaceted channel function and the considerable process complexity are involved. This research, first discusses the impact of information technology to logistic organization. The case research methodology is employed to study the relationship between information technology and logistic organization. The result of this case study shows that information technology is closely associated with international logistics. From the perspective of integration and agility, applying information technology can improve the international logistic organization¡¦s core competence. Second, this research focused on the e-business strategy for international logistics. The development of international logistics is often adhered to the global trend, and its course of e-business is moving toward logistic e-marketplace. This research first addressed the appropriability of e-marketplace and then formulated the e-business strategy for the logistic industry.. From the analysis of appropriability of e-business, the e-marketplace can offer effective solution to the international e-logistics. The goal of logistic e-marketplace is the globalization and to simplify the transaction mechanism. It can aggregate all kinds of logistic vendors to form the whole supply chain of logistic service. At the same time it can lay emphasis on the improvement of logistic operation process. Also, it can enhance the logistic operation process and efficiency of information delivery. The use of e-marketplace is a social phenomena; hence, the social influence model of technology use is adopt to illustrate the policy aspects of e-marketplace. In this model, the use of e-marketplace will be influenced by the five factors when the development of e-marketplace in Taiwan¡Gthe experience and ability, evaluation of logistic task, trust mechanism, evaluation of e-marketplace and situational factors. Furthermore, we address the strategy of carrying out the international logistic e-marketplace which can be the reference when government and the logistic industry want to carry out the e-business.

Among the development of the B2B E-commerce, the B2B e-marketplace is the most noticeable one in the world. However, does the B2B e-marketplace really make the performance of the companies in every industries improve greatly? The target of this thesis is to analysis the business models of the B2B vertical e-marketplace in Taiwan. To find any causes in the industries those will hinder or reinforce the development of the B2B vertical e-marketplace is one of the study purposes. The author takes the steel industry and motor vehicles and parts industry for examples to analysis deeply. Using the methods of the quality research, the author has many interviews with managers who have experiences in steel or motor industries. According to the findings in the research, we have some inferences about the business models of the future vertical e-marketplace in the steel and motor vehicles and parts industries. In the steel industry, the author has five inferences. (1)The e-marketplace is managed by the company that has goodwill and domain knowledge in the steel industry. (2) The participators of the steel e-marketplace are localized companies, which business contain from steel-making to steel-processing. (3)The products traded in the steel e-marketplace are spot goods these are the inventories. (4)Buyers and Sellers exchange the spot goods by the action on the Internet. (5) The e-marketplace will provide the companies these added-services, such as to confirm the financial credit of the buyers or help the buyers to finance their capitals from the banks. In the motor vehicles and parts industry, the author has four inferences. (1)The e-marketplace is managed by the company that has goodwill and domain knowledge in the motor industry. In addition, the company operates it that familiar with the B2B e-commerce. (2) The products traded in the motor e-marketplace are direct or indirect materials those are made by lower-level technology. (3) The participators of the motor e-marketplace are automobile manufacturing companies and first-tier suppliers. (4) Buyers and Sellers exchange the spot goods by the many-to-many actions, negotiation and contracts on the Internet.

Submitted by Gisely Teixeira (gisely.teixeira@uniceub.br) on 2018-06-14T18:22:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 51500417.pdf: 1034690 bytes, checksum: 761f83e2bb16c6c37b03859d817b8a38 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-14T18:22:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 51500417.pdf: 1034690 bytes, checksum: 761f83e2bb16c6c37b03859d817b8a38 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 / O presente artigo aborda o tema “Marketplace: A grande salvação das lojas virtuais�. O objetivo desse estudo é descrever as grandes vantagens e a salvação que o marketplace traz para o e-commerce, identificando os desafios e conflitos nesta relação. Foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico de trabalhos atuais e de pesquisas de mercado fornecidas pela brpartners com lojistas de diversos tamanhos e segmentos. Com o surgimento da internet e as mudanças no perfil de compra dos consumidores muitas empresas perceberam oportunidades de expandirem seus negócios. Neste contexto, os profissionais de marketing adequaram às teorias fundamentais do comércio real para atenderem as necessidades deste novo mercado: o virtual, buscando consolidar um atendimento individualizado e continuo. O marketplace permite que o consumidor busque, escolha, e pague por produtos de diferentes lojistas eletrônicos num mesmo ambiente de compra. Esse tipo de parceria que surge entre lojistas e marketplace é diferente de outros relacionamentos de negócio, já que implica numa integração da operação de ambas as partes. Isso gera diferentes preocupações, benefícios percebidos e pontos de atenção do que em outras parcerias laterais.

In the late 1990s, early 2000s, academic literature considered electronic marketplaces as a game changer in truck transportation services procurement. Early enthusiasm was followed by skepticism regarding e-marketplaces' usefulness and the popularity of e-marketplaces appeared to wane both in industry and in academic literature. However, recent sources argue that almost half of the freight currently transported by truck in the USA is subject to transactions conducted in e-marketplaces. This dissertation intends to fill a gap in the academic literature by showing that truck transportation e-marketplaces necessitate renewed dedicated research efforts, by exploring the strategies implemented by e-marketplaces in this specific industry and by linking these strategies to marketplaces' performance. First, transportation and non-transportation e-marketplaces are compared in chapter 2 with regard to their usage of mechanisms designed to generate trust among users. Results show that truck transportation e-marketplaces use these trust mechanisms differently than non-transportation e-marketplaces, which supports a call for research on e-marketplaces in the specific context of truck transportation services procurement. In chapter 3, a database inventorying the usage of 141 features by 208 e-marketplaces is then created to initiate the empirical exploration of these specific e-marketplaces. Thanks to that database, a new typology (a way of classifying objects based on several simultaneous classification criteria) is developed in chapter 4 that identifies three main truck transportation e-marketplace strategies (two with sub-divided into two sub-strategies). The typology provides a state of industry and puts in perspective the specificity of truck transportation e-marketplaces with regard to their structure along 11 dimensions known to the general e-marketplace literature. Finally, the link between e-marketplace strategies and performance is investigated in chapter 5. Performance is measured with three traffic metrics: number of unique visitors per day, number of page views per day, and website ranking. Results show that third-party-owned e-marketplaces that provide auction mechanisms with a fairly high level of user decision and transaction support are more successful than other e-marketplaces. This dissertation provides a picture of existing e-marketplaces for the procurement of truck transportation services, challenges components of existing theories and provides ground for further research. / Ph. D.

As plataformas de e-marketplace (EM) atuam como um ponto de encontro virtual, onde vendedores e compradores encontram-se e eventualmente fecham negócios. Em um EM, diversos vendedores competem entre si anunciando ao mesmo tempo produtos exatamente iguais por preços possivelmente diferentes. No entanto, não necessariamente o anúncio mais barato é o que realiza a venda. Dado que nos anúncios publicados nestas plataformas há um grande conjunto de elementos sob responsabilidade do operador do EM, iguais entre todos os anúncios, este trabalho busca colaborar com a compreensão dos fatores controláveis pelo vendedor que influenciam na geração de preço-prêmio em e-marketplaces. A partir da revisão de pesquisas anteriores sobre o tema, foi elaborado um modelo que considera que a geração do preço-prêmio é influenciada pelas características do vendedor (reputação, porte e localização), do anúncio (utilização de recursos multimídia, divulgação, opções de pagamento e entrega, serviço e histórico do anúncio) e do produto (condição e tipo). Para validar este modelo, foi desenvolvido um programa que ao longo de 56 dias coletou dados reais de vendas de três produtos diferentes (celulares iPhone, videogames Playstation 4 e tênis femininos da marca Osklen) no maior e-marketplace deste tipo no Brasil. Estes dados analisados e utilizados para a verificação de nove hipóteses. A reputação que o vendedor construiu ao longo das vendas anteriores mostrou-se como um importante fator de influencia. Vendedores com boa reputação conseguem vender com preços maiores, assim como vendedores com pior reputação são penalizados nos valores de suas vendas. O porte dos vendedores influencia positivamente até certo ponto. Existem vendedores de grande porte que, possivelmente se beneficiando dos ganhos de escala, praticam preços menores. A localização do vendedor é relevante no preço da venda e esta relevância varia de acordo com o produto. Também há diferença na influência de acordo com o produto para a utilização de recursos multimídia e para o envio da nota fiscal junto ao produto. Pagar por um pouco mais de exposição que os padrão oferecido pela plataforma gratuitamente permitiu a realização de vendas com preços maiores, mas o efeito oposto foi observado quando pagou-se pela máxima exposição possível. Também venderam por valores mais altos os anúncios mais antigos e os que ofereceram frete gratuito. / E-Marketplace (EM) platforms are virtual meeting points where sellers and buyers can meet and eventually close a deal. In an EM, various sellers compete against each other offering similar products with different prices. The cheapest offer is not necessarily the one that make the sale. As listings published in an EM have a great number of elements controlled by the platform operator, hence equal to all listings. This work aims to understand the factors controllable by the seller that can influence premium price generation in EMs. Based on the existing literature a model is proposed, in which premium price is influenced by seller characteristics (reputation, size and location), listing characteristics (multimedia resources, exposure, payment and shipping methods, service and ad history) and product (item condition and type). To validate this model a software was developed to collect real data from the largest retail EM in Brazil. During 56 days sales of three products (iPhone smartphones, Playstation 4 videogame consoles and Osklen female tennis shoes) were watched and stored in a database. This data was analyzed and used for verification of nine hypotheses. Reputation acquired by a seller with his previous sales was found as an important element influencing the sale price. Sellers with good reputation were able to sell its items by a higher price and sellers with bad reputation had to sell it cheaper. Seller size exerted positive influence to some extent. Big retailers selling in the EM may be able to sell for a smaller price and make profit thanks to the economies of scale. Seller localization is also relevant. The intensity of this relevance varies by product. It was also noticed difference according to the product for the use of multimedia resources and to if the seller says it will provide a tax invoice attached for the sale. Paying to the EM operator for some additional exposure also made it possible for the seller to achieve prices, but the effect was the opposite when the seller paid for the maximum exposure possible. Old listings and listings that offered free shipping also reached higher prices.

In this study, we first explore various type of the B2B e-Marketplace. After that, we induce basic, common, scalable of the B2B e-Marketplace services. Following, we describe the user behaviors of these services. Finally, we construct an Architecture-Oriented B2B e-Marketplace Framework (AOB2BF) by the Architecture-Oriented system development method, comparing with Non-AOB2BF by Non-Architecture-Oriented system development method. This research concludes that AOB2BF is able to decrease the system development errors and document transformation, henceforth reducing system development complexity and costs. In AOB2BF a complete system architecture hierarchy is totally represented. In such situation, a system developer will be able to construct his own B2B e-Marketplace with all aspects considered. In this thesis, advantages of AOB2BF are fully verified and validated by logic. Future research, according to our contribution, is suggested to implement a real AOB2BF system.

This thesis presents a Web services implementation of the infrastructure for e-Marketplaces based on e-Marketplace business patterns. Business patterns implemented by the infrastructure include User-to-Business, User-to-Online Buying, User-to-User, and Business-to-Business integration. The implementation of the User-to-Business pattern provides for all non-commercial user transactions with the e-Marketplace, including the registration processes, aggregating the e-Marketplace catalog with product and service offers, response to requests for quote, and purchase order checking and processing. The implementation of the User-to-Online Buying pattern provides for all commercial transactions that a user may conduct with the e-Marketplace, including catalog-based buying, contract-based buying, auction bidding, exchange bid offering, and the publication of requests for quote. The implementation of the User-to-User pattern supports e-Marketplace user communication. The implementation of the Business-to-Business integration pattern enables commerce systems of the suppliers and procurement systems of the buyers to integrate with the e-Marketplace to conduct commerce and non-commerce transactions. <br><br> The implemented e-Marketplace infrastructure provides a foundation for building concrete e-Marketplaces, by e-Marketplace builders, to present the e-Marketplace functionalities to the end users such as e-Marketplace administrators and traders. The infrastructure is implemented using Web services technology to provide system-independent accessibility to clients of concrete e-Marketplaces that are built on the infrastructure. The infrastructure implements the business patterns in the form of groups of collaborating Web services.