The theme of the diploma thesis is to analyze the use and prepare the business plan of establishing alternative fuel showroom cars. Showroom will focus on sales of new cars with full warranty that are primary equipped with alternative fuel engine. The idea of concentrating sales center of alternative fuel cars is unique, in the vast majority of cases sellers are becoming dealers of automobile manufacturers and their direct representatives. The sales center will be concentrated in the Prague region where the parent company has its placr of business. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to the characteristics of conventional and alternative fuels. In the practical part there is created a business plan of construction and operation alternative fuel cars showroom. The project is prepared on real numbers and will be used during implementation in practise.

Orientador: Afonso Lopes / Banca: Newton La Scala Junior / Banca: Leomar Paulo de Lima / Banca: Gilberto Hirotsugu Azevedo Koike / Banca: Melina Cais Jejcic de Oliveira / Resumo: No trabalho são expostos panoramas mundiais relacionados às reservas totais provadas de petróleo, interligando-as com os importantes aspectos do biodiesel, fontes de matéria-prima, propriedades e características físico-químicas, com o intuito de justificar a importância do desenvolvimento de tecnologias e a utilização em motores ciclo diesel. São apresentadas também características das palmeiras que dão origem aos frutos: babaçu, buriti e tucumã, bem como as propriedades físico-químicas do biodiesel originado de palmeiras como babaçu, buriti e tucumã. Em seguida é descrita a metodologia utilizada no trabalho e as informações necessárias para a análise e a obtenção dos dados da pesquisa, abrangendo-as para os tipos de combustíveis utilizados, bem como os fatores e as diretrizes avaliados durante a execução da pesquisa. Também são tecidas considerações sobre a avaliação e a discussão dos dados relacionados ao desempenho de trator agrícola em operação de preparo de solo utilizando biodiesel de palmeiras como combustível (biodiesel de babaçu, buriti e tucumã em proporções de mistura com diesel B S50). A Pesquisa evidenciou que o óleo de babaçu, de buriti e de tucumã apresenta grande potencial na aplicabilidade da produção de biodiesel, desde que o óleo vegetal atenda às especificações da ANVISA, Resolução n.270/2005, e às normas de órgãos internacionais (American Oil Chemist's Society - AOCS e American Society for Testing and Materials - ASTM). Quanto aos testes realizados com bi... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In the paper, global scenarios related to the total proved reserves of petroleum are exposed, interlinking them with the important aspects of biodiesel, sources of raw material, properties and physical-chemical characteristics, in order to justify the importance of the development of technologies and the use in diesel cycle engines. The characteristics of the palm trees that give rise to the fruits are also presented: babaçu, buriti and tucumã, as well as the physicochemical properties of the biodiesel originated from palm trees such as babaçu, buriti and tucumã. Next, the methodology used in the work and the necessary information for the analysis and the obtaining of the research data are described, covering them for the types of fuels used, as well as the factors and the guidelines evaluated during the execution of the research. Considerations are also made on the evaluation and discussion of the data related to the performance of agricultural tractor in soil preparation using palm oil biodiesel as biodiesel (babassu, buriti and tucumã biodiesel in proportions of mixture with diesel B S50). The research evidenced that babaçu, buriti and tucumã oil presents great potential in the applicability of biodiesel production, provided that the vegetable oil meets the specifications of ANVISA, Resolution n.270 / 2005, and the norms of international organisms (American Oil Chemist's Society - AOCS and American Society for Testing and Materials - ASTM). As for the tests carried out wit... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, School of Chemistry at University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Johannesburg, 2015. / Photovoltaic cells offer a good alternative to the fossil fuels. Several approaches are being analysed in order to have solar cells that are capable to conquer the energy market all around the world. Quantum dots (QDs) have already proven features that can be taken into account to improve the properties of solar cells. Metal selenide nanoparticles (NPs) possess semiconducting behaviours that can vary with their structural and optical properties evolving from their synthesis. The reaction parameters such as the method, time, solvent and precursors can affect the growth and nucleation of particles and thus impose on the properties of the synthesized materials. The performance of solar cells made of the synthesized metal selenides will then be dependent upon the properties of the NPs used as active layer. Furthermore, the electrical current generation also depends on the structure of the deposited active layer and its interface with other films to be assembled for the device. The binary copper selenide, ternary copper indium selenide (CISe), quaternary copper indium gallium selenide (CIGSe) and quinary copper zinc tin sulphur selenide (CZTSSe) NPs were synthesized via conventional colloidal method (CCM) and microwave assisted method (MAM). The MAM has a particular interest as it is less time consuming and can easily be a large scale synthesis. Photovoltaic devices were fabricated from the synthesized materials as proof of concept for photovoltaic activities. The CCM was used to optimize various parameters for the synthesis of each type of the chalcogenide materials as this is easily controllable than the ones from the sealed vessel from MAM. The dependency of properties of all copper chalcogenide NPs on the time, precursor concentration, temperature and solvent of synthesis have been demonstrated via various characterization techniques including ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy. The binary copper selenide was first synthesized and considered as a template for evaluation of the use of copper chalcogenide materials in solar cells. Relatively smaller copper selenide NPs with average sizes of 4.5 and 6.0 nm were obtained from conventional colloidal and microwave assisted methods respectively. The sample yielded from the microwave assisted method possessed less polydispersed NPs. The later had better crystallinity in which prevailed a single cubic Cu2Se phase. To the best of our knowledge this is the first evidence of defined shapes and nearly single phase of small sized copper selenide NPs synthesized by mean of the MAM. The copper selenide particles synthesized via this method were used to fabricate a Schottky device. The conditions of copper selenide synthesis were optimized to 250 oC, 30 min of CCM synthesis using oleylamine (OLA) and a Cu/Se ratio of 1:1. Nearly hexagonal facets with blue-shifted absorption band edge of monodispersed NPs sizing 4-8 nm in diameter were obtained. The synthesized copper selenide showed better crystallinity with a single cubic Cu2Se phase. A Schottky device using MAM synthesized copper selenide NPs as the semiconducting layer was fabricated at room temperature. The diode effect was demonstrated with the electrical parameters such as the ideality factor, barrier height and the series resistances extracted from the experimental current-voltage data using the thermionic theory and Cheung’s modification. The thermionic theory resulted in the ideality factor of 4.35 and the barrier height of 0.895 eV whilst the Cheung’s method resulted in the ideality factor, barrier height and series resistance of 1.04, 2.59 10-3 eV and 0.870 Ω respectively. The ternary copper indium selenide NPs showed that the MAM allowed the formation of copper rich NPs alongside secondary products. The synthesis of the ternary sample via CCM was optimized using uncapped precursors (no TOP was added) in OLA at 220 oC for 30 min. The synthesized CuInSe2 NPs possessed a large blue-shift in their absorption band edges and emission peaks. The nearly stoichiometric CuInSe2 particles with diameter sizes of 5-9 nm were found in tetragonal crystalline orientation. The cyclic voltametry (CV) and the absorption spectra showed a large blue-shifted energy gap, about 0.95 eV, an increase from the bulk, proving the quantum confinement effects of synthesized copper indium selenide quantum dots. The CuInSe2 NPs were thus used as absorbing materials in the quantum dot sensitized solar cell devices (QDSSCs). The QDSSC devices were assembled via treatment of the titanium oxide, quantum dot layers and their interface. This was done by the treatment of copper indium selenide surface with mercapto-propionic acid (MPA) and ethanedithiol (EDT) during the deposition of the quantum dots onto TiO2 films. The MPA treatment did not reveal positive effects on copper indium selenide thin film and the assembled device under our optimized working conditions. However the use of EDT allowed the improvement of electron transport. The short circuit current (Jsc), open circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) obtained from the current-voltage (J-V) curves reached the values of 324 μA cm-2, 487 mV and 43% respectively, indicating that the investigated quantum dots possess electrical properties. For the quaternary copper indium gallium selenide, relatively small sized NPs were synthesized via CCM and MAM. The CCM synthesized CIGSe NPs were less agglomerated with a shorter tailing in absorption than those from MAM. The stoichiometric CuIn0.75Ga0.25Se2 showed less agglomerated and highly crystalline particles with a large blueshifted absorption band edge and a smaller full width at halth maximum (FWHM) of the emission peak compared to CuIn0.5Ga0.5Se2 and CuIn0.25Ga0.75Se2. The use of OLA as solvent of synthesis improved the growth and dispersivity of copper indium gallium selenide NPs. The particles with a large blue-shifted absorption band edge, a lattice of tetragonal phase, more monodispersed CIGSe and possessing an average size of 6.5 nm were obtained from CCM synthesis using OLA. The OLA as-synthesized CIGSe NPs were used in thin film for the assembly of QDSSC. The device exhibited electrical properties with the Jsc, Voc and FF of 168 μA cm-2, 162 mV and 33% respectively. The overall device performance was poor but may further be improved for further photovoltaic application. The quinary CZTSSe NPs possessed large blue-shifted absorption band edges of 450-460 nm than the bulk material (827 nm). The emission peak at 532 nm and similar FWHM of less than 50 nm were observed in samples from both CCM and MAM. More monodispersed crystals were obtained with both methods whilst the average particle sizes of 10 and 9 nm were yielded from MAM and CCM respectively. The nanoparticles crystallized in tetragonal lattices between copper zinc tin sulphide and copper zinc tin selenide crystals. However, the MAM gave more crystalline phases. The CV and the absorption spectra showed a blue shifted energy gap, about 0.21 eV increase from the buk which is located at 1.51 eV. This is indicative of the quantum confinement effects of synthesized NPs. The evidence of electrical properties was also shown in the QDSSCs fabricated using the MAM synthesized quinary QDs. This was done following the same treatments as for copper indium selenide devices. The Jsc, Voc and FF were found at the maxima of 258 μA cm-2, 395 mV and 38% respectively. The MPA and EDT treatments did not improve the device performance under our working conditions. Nevertheless, the electrical properties observed in the assembled device were indicative of promising efficient solar cells from synthesized CZTSSe NPs.

The inordinate reliance of the United States on the automobile for transportation causes a number of problems for the nation. Finite supplies of petroleum imported from volatile parts of the world place the economy at risk from price spikes and eventual depletion. Pollution from motor vehicle exhaust has public health and environmental consequences. Many politicians, automotive interest groups, and others advocate for the use of alternative fuels to replace fossil fuels. This paper investigates the advantages and disadvantages of the following: Natural Gas, Ethanol, Biodiesel, Hydrogen Fuel Cells, and Hybrid Gasoline Electric Systems. The paper concludes with a discussion of the problems associated with the automobile that will not be addressed through a movement towards alternative fuels: urban sprawl, transportation equity, environmental degradation, and public health. / Master of Urban and Regional Planning

Orientador: Hebe de Las Mercedes Villullas / Coorientador: Joelma Perez / Banca: Margarida Juri Saeki / Banca: Almir de Oliveira Neto / Resumo: A insuficiência do desempenho e estabilidade dos eletrocatalisadores são fatores que ainda inviabilizam o uso em larga escala das células a combustível de baixa temperatura de operação, tanto das PEMFC ("Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell") quanto das DAFC ("Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell"), destacando-se as perdas associadas ao desempenho do catodo. Considerando a importância tecnológica de melhorar o desempenho das células a combustível, é evidente a necessidade de realizar estudos visando o desenvolvimento de eletrocatalisadores eficientes para a redução de oxigênio e tolerantes à presença de alcoóis. Além disso, desenvolver materiais alternativos que não contenham Pt é desejável para diminuir os custos dos catalisadores. A motivação geral deste trabalho foi a preparação e caracterização de nanopartículas bimetálicas PdM/C (M = Fe, Co e Ni) suportadas em carbono de elevada área superficial, com o intuito de estudar as suas propriedades eletrocatalíticas para a reação de redução de oxigênio, determinando também a estabilidade e a tolerância à presença de metanol, como estratégia para avaliar a viabilidade de que possam ser utilizadas como catodos em células a combustível. O trabalho envolveu a utilização do método do poliol para a obtenção dos eletrocatalisadores nanoparticulados bimetálicos a base de Pd, objetivando à obtenção de partículas com tamanhos inferiores a 8 nm e alta homogeneidade de tamanho e dispersão das partículas. O método de síntese foi utilizado variando-se o tempo de refluxo, sendo preparados catalisadores de PdNi/C, PdFe/C e PdCo/C com composições nominais 70:30 e 50:50. Nas condições testadas, foi possível a obtenção de ligas metálicas com tamanho de cristalito pequeno (em torno de 2nm). Os materiais preparados apresentaram boas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The low performance and stability of the electrocatalysts are still factors that prevent the widespread use of fuel cells of low temperature operation, for the PEMFC (polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell ") as well as for DAFC (" direct alcohol fuel cell), being the largest losses associated due to the performance of the cathode. Considering the technological importance of improving the fuel cells performance, it is evident that studies aiming the development of efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and tolerant of the presence of alcohols are needed. In addition, to develop Pt-free materials is desirable to reduce the cost of alternative catalysts. The purposes of this work were the preparation and characterization of bimetallic nanoparticles PdM/C (M = Fe, Co and Ni) supported on high surface area carbon, in order to study their electrocatalytic properties for the oxygen reduction reaction, measuring, as well, their stability and tolerance to the presence of methanol, as strategy to assess the viability of their use as fuel cells cathodes. The work involved the use of a polyol method to obtain the Pd-based bimetallic electrocatalysts, in order to obtain nanoparticles with sizes smaller than 8 nm, highly homogeneous in size and well dispersed on the support. The synthesis method was used varying the reflux time, for the preparation of PdNi/C, PdFe/C and PdCo/C catalysts with nominal compositions 70:30 and 50:50. Under those experimental conditions, it was possible to obtain alloys with small crystallite size (around 2 nm). The prepared materials showed good electrocatalytic properties for the oxygen reduction reaction. The accelerated tests of stability showed that the materials are stable, with durability superior to that of the commercial palladium catalyst used as reference material. The study of methanol tolerance showed that... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Thesis advisor: Michael J. Naughton / The nanoscale morphology of metals can enable special functionality in plasmonic and electrochemical devices, with applications in energy conversion and storage, sensors, and computers. In particular, sharp edges on metal nano and microstructures are understood to affect the density of electrons on the metal surface. The associated concentration of electric field can concentrate surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and enable waveguiding of the SPPs, as we show in this thesis for sharp ridges along aluminum nanowires. Also important is the presence of facets on the metal structures, which determines the orbitals that electrons occupy on the metal surface. Changes in both the electron density and orbitals can affect the binding of molecules to the metal, which can improve reaction kinetics in catalysis. We demonstrate this on gold dendrite and plate electrocatalysts for CO2 electrolysis. Regarding metal nanostructure fabrication, electrochemical deposition and corrosion have demonstrated promising control over the morphology, including the topography, crystallinity, grain boundaries, and crystal faceting. This is important, because existing methods for metal nanostructure fabrication can only produce a circumscribed assortment of morphologies. In contrast, semiconductors and insulators have many new deposition techniques that produce a wide range of controlled morphologies. Of further appeal, electrochemical techniques are solution-based and typically operate at room temperature and pressure, allowing facile scale-up to industrial production. Here we demonstrate and discuss the mechanisms of two new techniques, which produce the aluminum nanowires and gold dendrites and plates discussed above. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2018. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Physics.

Existem diversos polímeros que apresentam bom desempenho em aplicações em ambientes agressivos, em particular ambientes corrosivos, mesmo em contato com agentes químicos considerados extremamente fortes, como ácido sulfúrico concentrado, ácido nítrico, hidróxido de sódio concentrado, solventes como o clorofórmio, benzeno e etanol. Neste trabalho foi estudado o comportamento de materiais poliméricos após envelhecimento causado por imersão em etanol. A proposta do trabalho busca analisar o comportamento das propriedades dos polímeros selecionados quando colocados em contato com etanol através do estudo da variação das propriedades físicas e químicas dos materiais. Foram analisados 6 diferentes tipos de materiais: PU Poliéster, PU Poliéter, UHMW PE, PA 6.6 Heramid, PA 6.6 Radilon RV 300, PA 6.6 Radilon HSLW. Os materiais ficaram imersos em etanol durante um período de 30 dias. Inicialmente foram gerados dois diferentes ensaios utilizando álcool etílico absoluto PA 99 INPM como agente de degradação, um ensaio a 60°C e um a temperatura ambiente. A metodologia utilizada para acompanhar e avaliar as mudanças físicas e químicas dos materiais após imersão em etanol foi: observação do aspecto visual, microscopia ótica, inchamento, espectro de infravermelho e propriedades mecânicas como carga de ruptura, deformação na ruptura e tensão de ruptura, antes e depois do envelhecimento. Posteriormente, os ensaios e a metodologia de análise foram repetidos fazendo-se a troca do álcool etílico pelo álcool combustível nas mesmas temperaturas de trabalho, gerando portanto mais dois ensaios diferentes, totalizando 4 diferentes ensaios. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o polímero UHMWPE apresentou menor variação de suas propriedades sobretudo no envelhecimento à temperatura ambiente. / There are many different polymers that perform well in applications in harsh environments, particularly corrosive environments even in contact with chemical agents considered extremely strong as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, concentrated sodium hydroxide, solvents such as chloroform, benzene and ethanol. In the present work, perform based on the study of behaviour of the polymeric materials after aging aggravated by immersion in ethanol. The purpose of this study is to analyze the behavior of the properties of polymers selected when placed in contact with ethanol through the study of the variation of physical and chemical properties of materials. Six different materials were analyzed: PU Polyester, PU polyether, UHMWPE, PA 6.6 Heramid, PA 6.6 RV Radilon 300, PA 6.6 Radilon HSLW. The materials were immersed in ethanol for a period of 30 days. Initially, two different assays were generated using absolute ethyl alcohol INPM 99 PA as an agent for degradation testing at 60°C and room temperature. The methodology used to monitor and evaluate the physical and chemical changes of materials after immersion in ethanol was, watching the visuals, optical microscopy, swelling, infrared spectrum and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break and tensile strength before and after aging. Subsequently, testing and analysis methodology were repeated by making the exchange of ethanol to ethanol fuel in the same working temperature, thus generating two different trials, totaling 4 different tests. The results show that the UHMWPE polymer had low variation in their properties particularly in aging at room temperature.

A crescente pressão mundial pelo desenvolvimento de tecnologias automotivas menos poluentes de emissões de combustíveis, incluindo o de combustiveis alternativos, foi a forma de impulsionar a tecnologia do Biodiesel, de origem não fóssil, derivados de fontes renováveis, visando substituir, gradualmente, o uso do óleo diesel, na matriz energética mundial. A diretiva americana “Clean air Act amendment of 1990", a Lei S-517 e a diretiva européia “2003/30/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 May 2003" instituíram a adição do Biodiesel no óleo diesel. Nos Estados Unidos, este teor é de 20%, e, na Europa, é obrigatória a adição de 2%, em 2005, e será de 5,75%, em 2010. Dentro deste contexto, o Biodiesel necessita ser implementado no Brasil, de maneira gradual. A Lei brasileira 11097/05 tornará obrigatória sua adição de 2% (Biodiesel B2), em 2008 (ou de cerca de 840 milhões de litros de Biodiesel, do montante estimado de demanda do óleo diesel, de 42 bilhões de litros, em 2008), e de 5% (Biodiesel B5), em 2013. O objetivo deste trabalho é o de se identificarem alguns gargalos existentes, no âmbito técnico-econômico, no Programa Brasileiro do Biodiesel, e o de se estabelecer um plano de ação para o sucesso da implementação deste programa. No plano de ação, estão traçados possíveis cenários, com dois focos distintos: o de receita líquida máxima ao governo, sendo esta uma visão parcial de custeio (através dos cenários de substituição de importações do óleo diesel pelo Biodiesel e da introdução de óleo diesel / Biodiesel em veículos leves), e o do número máximo de empregos gerados, em 2008 e em 2013. A metodologia de pesquisa se baseia em pesquisa bibliográfica e na análise de dados coletados, que apontam para a urgente necessidade de isenção de impostos e de subsídios governamentais, para se viabilizar a produção das oleaginosas da mamona e da soja, a preços competitivos em relação ao óleo diesel. Dentro deste contexto, a mamona só se torna viável no âmbito social e técnico-social, de geração máxima de empregos, ao passo que as demais podem ser inseridas no contexto econômico e técnico-econômico, de receita líquida máxima ao governo. / The increasing demand for the development of automotive technologies of less polluting fuel emissions, including that of alternative fuels, has been the way to foster Biodiesel technology, of non-fossil origin, derived from renewable sources, aiming at gradually substituting the use of diesel oil, in the worldwide energetic matrix. The american directive “Clean air Act amendment of 1990" , the Law S-517, and the European directive “2003/30/EC of the European Parliament of the Council of 8 May 2003" established the addition of Biodiesel in diesel oil. In the United States, this percentage is of 20%, and, in Europe, it is compulsory the addition of 2%, in 2005, and will be of 5,75%, in 2010. From that prospective, the Biodiesel needs to be gradually implemented in Brazil. The brazilian Law 11097/05 will demand the addition of 2% (Biodiesel B2), in 2008 (or about 840 millions of Biodiesel liters, of the estimated amount of diesel oil demand, of 42 billions of liters, in 2008), and of 5% (Biodiesel B5), in 2013. The objective of this project is to identify some existing shortfalls, on an technical-economic assessment, in the Brazilian Biodiesel Program, and to establish a workplan in order to achieve the success of this program. In this workplan, possible scenarios are identified, with two different focus: maximum government net revenue, on a partial cost prospective (via the scenarios of diesel oil importation replacement by Biodiesel and of diesel oil / Biodiesel intruction into light vehicles) and maximum jobs generation, in 2008 and in 2013. The research methodology is based on bibliographic survey and on data analysis, which shows the urgent need to viabilize castor and soybean oilseeds on competitive prices compared to that of diesel oil. From that prospective, castor is only viable on a social and technical-social aspect, of maximum employment generation, whereas the remaining oilseeds can be inserted into the economic and technical-economic context, of maximum governmental net income.

Thesis. 1976. M.S.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. / Microfiche copy available in Archives and Engineering. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Julian A. LoRusso. / M.S.

Diversos equipamentos industriais utilizam processos de combustão com sprays. As principais vantagens deste processo estão relacionadas ao aumento do controle da chama e à maior segurança na logística do combustível líquido. Atualmente, o interesse na utilização de bio-combustíveis como alternativa para a redução na emissão de dióxido de carbono é crescente. Entre os tipos de bio-combustíveis o etanol se destaca por ser utilizado em vários países misturado à gasolina no setor de transportes. Partindo deste panorama, o presente trabalho apresenta a modelagem e simulação de uma chama turbulenta de spray de etanol. Os resultados das simulações realizadas são comparados com dados experimentais da literatura. O modelo resultante baseia-se no método dos volumes finitos para escoamentos com baixo número de Mach e em regime permanente. O spray foi calculado com a aproximação de escoamentos separados com uma formulação Euler-Lagrange, em que a fase dispersante é modelada com a abordagem Euleriana, enquanto que a fase dispersa é modelada com a abordagem Lagrangeana. As duas fases foram completamente acopladas nos dois sentidos. O modelo de turbulência k- Padrão foi utilizado na fase dispersante. A evaporação de gotículas foi considerada, em que o modelo de condutividade infinita foi utilizado para a fase líquida. Dessa forma, a distribuição de temperaturas no interior da gotícula é uniforme, porém varia conforme ela se move no spray. Para reproduzir os efeitos do resfriamento evaporativo, a combustão foi modelada com um modelo de folha de chama modificado que considerou uma função joint -PDF de fração de mistura e entalpia. Transferências de calor por radiação foram negligenciadas neste trabalho. Aproximações razoáveis foram obtidas entre os perfis medidos e calculados de temperatura média da fase gasosa e de distribuições de tamanhos de gotículas. Algumas discrepâncias foram observadas nas comparações entre os perfis do componente axial de velocidade média da fase gasosa, que foram atribuídas à difusão superestimada das quantidades médias transportadas pela fase gasosa nas simulações. / Several industrial equipments use combustion processes with sprays. The main advantages of this process are related to the increase in the flame control and in the safety of liquid fuel logistics. Currently, the interest on the utilization of biofuels as an alternative to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions is increasing. Among the types of biofuels the ethanol stands out by being used blended with gasoline in the transport sector of several countries. From this overview, this work presents the modeling and simulation of an ethanol turbulent spray flame. The results of the simulations were compared with experimental data from the literature. The resulting model was based on the finite volume method for low Mach number and steady state flows. The spray was calculated using the Separated Flow method (SF) with an Euler-Lagrange model, where the gaseous phase was described by an Eulerian model and the liquid phase by a Lagrangian particle method. Both phases were fully coupled in order to account for shared effects. The turbulence model k- Standard was used to determine the dispersant phase. Evaporation of droplets was calculated with the assumption of the infinite-liquid-conductivity model, where the droplet inner temperature is uniform, but varies with the mass and heat transfer within the dispersant phase. To reproduce the effects of the evaporative cooling the combustion was modeled with a modified flamesheet model which regarded a jointed mixture fraction-enthalpy -PDF. Radiactive heat transfer was not accounted for in this work. Reasonable agreement between measured and computed mean profiles of temperature of the gas phase and droplet size distributions was achieved. Some deviations were observed in the mean velocity profiles comparisons between experimental data and simulations, which were assigned to the over predicted diffusion of the mean quantities transported by the gas phase.