There is an exciting movement afoot in Canada with rapid growth of Aboriginal participation in the economy through business development. Motivated to recover social and economic independence, Aboriginal people are asserting their rights and pressing for self-determination, using various models of development. In this thesis, economic development through the model of privately-owned enterprise is evaluated considering history, Aboriginal values and a female gender perspective. There is a brief highlight of the history of Aboriginal participation in the economy; the analysis focuses on influences which followed the 1969 Federal Government Statement on Indian Policy, known as The White Paper. The research in this thesis demonstrates that through privately-owned enterprise, Aboriginal entrepreneurs can assert Aboriginal values within a capital market system that does not easily accommodate personal held values; and through this assertion Aboriginal entrepreneurs can achieve business success, self-determination and contribute positively to social and economic well-being for Aboriginal peoples.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

One of the great challenges facing the South African economy is to increase the number and variety of viable and sustainable economic enterprises. We have a history that has brought about many interruptions in the development of enterprises in particular. This has been particularly associated with our racial history and the destruction of wealth in black hands in both the rural and urban areas. It has adverse effects on income distribution, entrepreneurship and employment creation. The recent history of South Africa cannot ignore the role of cooperatives in developing its economic foundation. Cooperatives in the financial, service and agricultural sectors were backbones of the apartheid economy, hence we see the cooperative idea resonates on numerous platforms in the democratic Government as part of its empowerment discourse and addressing the national objective of economic growth, poverty and unemployment reduction. A number of studies have identified that the culture of entrepreneurship is one of the prerequisites for the prosperity and the high rate of economic development registered by most of the developed countries. However in terms of South Africa, the low level of entrepreneurship activity compared to its peers has been identified as one of the key factors responsible for the low rate of economic growth experienced by South Africa over the past 10 years, and cooperatives as model can be a solution to foster entrepreneurial culture and as a result maximise economic growth, reduce poverty and unemployment. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

<p> Entrepreneurship is an intentional process, where would-be entrepreneurs choose to start a business rather than out of a reflex. The exacerbating situation of structural unemployment of college graduates in China for the last decade necessitates an urgent need to study entrepreneurial intention as a career choice. To build Chinese college students' readiness for an entrepreneurial career, this paper was an investigation of entrepreneurial intention through an integrated cognitive, affective, social and developmental lens. A total sample of 1,707 senior college students from a university in China was taken and quantitative research method was utilized in this study. An empirical model for developing college students' entrepreneurial intention in China was proposed and tested using structural equation modeling. The findings of the study indicated that human capital, social capital and psychological capital all play important roles in developing students' intentions to start an entrepreneurial career in China. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence emerged as the biggest predictor of entrepreneurial intention. <i>Guanxi </i> moderated emotional intelligence and PsyCap approved to be a precursor to the more domain specific entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Therefore, to foster self-employment and entrepreneurship among college students, universities in China should combine formal entrepreneurship education programs that develop practical entrepreneurial skills required in different stages of entrepreneurial process with training interventions that enhance emotional intelligence skills and positive psychological capital.</p>

Although there is a strong body of existing research on women’s career-life development and on women’s entrepreneurship, there is a lack of understanding of the experiences of mother entrepreneurs specifically. This dissertation addresses the question how do self-employed women with children manage their multiple life roles. Context and the rationale for conducting the proposed study is discussed, followed by a literature review, which begins by describing the key career development terms, offering an overview of career theory with a focus on women’s career development and entrepreneurship, followed by a discussion of modes of inquiry considered appropriate for this study. An outline of the research methodology is presented, with further rationale for a qualitative approach, specifically Grounded Theory. This research includes a description of the basic social problem Being a Mother Entrepreneur, as well as proposing a substantive theory to explain how mother entrepreneurs manage their multiple life roles. This process is explained in the core category Keeping Going, which is recursively fueled and affected by seven key properties: feeling supported, making choices, adapting creatively, remembering the push, remembering the pull, envisioning the future, and living my values. The finding of Keeping Going as the basic social process of how mother entrepreneurs manage their multiple life roles, underscores the importance of understanding the role of values on the process of career-life development of self-employed women with children. Finally, implications for further research, including the extension of the proposed substantive theory to other groups, and implications for counselling practice are discussed. / Graduate / 0525 / 0519 / rehb@shaw.ca

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