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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Evaluation of the use of engineering judgements applied to analytical human reliablity analysis methods (HRA)

Kohlhepp, Katherine D. 12 April 2006 (has links)
Due to the scarcity of Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) data, one of the key elements of any HRA analysis is use of engineering judgment. The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) HRA Calculator guides the user through the steps of any HRA analysis and allows the user to choose among analytical HRA methods. It applies Accident Sequence Evaluation Program (ASEP), Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction (THERP), the HCR/ORE Correlation, and the Caused Based Decision Tree Method (CBDTM). This program is intended to produce consistent results among different analysts provided that the initial information is similar. Even with this analytical approach, an HRA analyst must still render several judgments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of engineering judgment applied to the quantification of post-initiator actions using the HRA Calculator. The Comanche Peak Steam Electric Station (CPSES) Level 1 Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) HRA was used as a database for examples and numerical comparison. Engineering judgments were evaluated in the following ways: 1) Survey of HRA experts. Two surveys were completed, and the participants provided a range of different perspectives on how they individually apply engineering judgment. 2) Numerical comparison among the three methods. 3) Review of CPSES HRA and identification of judgments and the effects on the overall results of the database. The results of this study identified thirteen areas in which an HRA analyst must interpret and render judgments on how to quantify a Human Error Probability (HEP) and recommendations are provided on how current industry practitioners render these same judgments. The areas are: identification and definition of actions to be modeled, identification and definition of actions to be modeled, definition of critical actions, definition of cognitive portion of the action, choice of methodology, stress level, rule-, skill- or knowledge-based designation, timing information, training, procedures, human interactions with hardware, recoveries and dependencies within an action, and review of final HEP.
2

Procedimento de avaliação da integral J e CTOD para dutos com trincas circunferenciais submetidos à flexão e aplicações à instalação de risers pelo método carretel. / J and CTOD estimation procedure for circumferential surface cracks in pipes under bending and applications to pipe reeling.

Chiodo, Mario Sergio Giancoli 18 September 2009 (has links)
Este trabalho apresenta um procedimento de avaliação para a determinação da Integral J e do CTOD para dutos com trincas circunferenciais em sua superfície externa e interna submetidos à flexão pura para uma ampla faixa de geometrias de trinca e propriedades (encruamento) de material baseados em soluções das componentes plásticas de J e CTOD. Uma descrição da metodologia sobre a qual J e CTOD são determinados estabelece o contexto necessário para a determinação das funções adimensionais h1 e h2 aplicáveis a uma grande faixa de geometrias de trinca e propriedades de material características de aços estruturais para a construção de dutos e vasos de pressão. As extensivas análises numéricas não-lineares 3-D fornecem um conjunto completo de soluções para J e CTOD, os quais entram diretamente em procedimentos avançados para a avaliação de defeitos em dutos e cilindros submetidos à flexão. Este estudo também examina uma comparação exploratória entre os resultados do procedimento proposto e os resultados de análises numéricas por elementos finitos de dutos com trincas superficiais submetidos ao processo de enrolamento. / This work provides an estimation procedure to determine the J-integral and CTOD for pipes with circumferential surface cracks subjected to bending load for a wide range of crack geometries and material (hardening) based upon fully-plastic solutions. A summary of the methodology upon which J and CTOD are derived sets the necessary framework to determine nondimensional functions h1 and h2 applicable to a wide range of crack geometries and material properties characteristic of structural, pressure vessel and pipeline steels. The extensive nonlinear, 3-D numerical analyses provide a definite full set of solutions for J and CTOD which enters directly into fitness-for service (FFS) analyses and defect assessment procedures of cracked pipes and cylinders subjected to bending load. The study also examines an exploratory comparison between the resulting fully-plastic solutions and finite element analyses of circumferentially cracked pipes subjected to reeling.
3

Procedimento de avaliação da integral J e CTOD para dutos com trincas circunferenciais submetidos à flexão e aplicações à instalação de risers pelo método carretel. / J and CTOD estimation procedure for circumferential surface cracks in pipes under bending and applications to pipe reeling.

Mario Sergio Giancoli Chiodo 18 September 2009 (has links)
Este trabalho apresenta um procedimento de avaliação para a determinação da Integral J e do CTOD para dutos com trincas circunferenciais em sua superfície externa e interna submetidos à flexão pura para uma ampla faixa de geometrias de trinca e propriedades (encruamento) de material baseados em soluções das componentes plásticas de J e CTOD. Uma descrição da metodologia sobre a qual J e CTOD são determinados estabelece o contexto necessário para a determinação das funções adimensionais h1 e h2 aplicáveis a uma grande faixa de geometrias de trinca e propriedades de material características de aços estruturais para a construção de dutos e vasos de pressão. As extensivas análises numéricas não-lineares 3-D fornecem um conjunto completo de soluções para J e CTOD, os quais entram diretamente em procedimentos avançados para a avaliação de defeitos em dutos e cilindros submetidos à flexão. Este estudo também examina uma comparação exploratória entre os resultados do procedimento proposto e os resultados de análises numéricas por elementos finitos de dutos com trincas superficiais submetidos ao processo de enrolamento. / This work provides an estimation procedure to determine the J-integral and CTOD for pipes with circumferential surface cracks subjected to bending load for a wide range of crack geometries and material (hardening) based upon fully-plastic solutions. A summary of the methodology upon which J and CTOD are derived sets the necessary framework to determine nondimensional functions h1 and h2 applicable to a wide range of crack geometries and material properties characteristic of structural, pressure vessel and pipeline steels. The extensive nonlinear, 3-D numerical analyses provide a definite full set of solutions for J and CTOD which enters directly into fitness-for service (FFS) analyses and defect assessment procedures of cracked pipes and cylinders subjected to bending load. The study also examines an exploratory comparison between the resulting fully-plastic solutions and finite element analyses of circumferentially cracked pipes subjected to reeling.
4

Data acquisition and reconstruction techniques for improved electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging

Ahmad, Rizwan 23 August 2007 (has links)
No description available.

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