Orientador: Fernando Sarti / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T22:48:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ruas_JoseAugustoGaspar_D.pdf: 4470321 bytes, checksum: c691e9c4afc9d211f35e0952db4c6dc5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A descoberta de petróleo na camada Pré-Sal brasileira trouxe novos desafios para o país, tanto em âmbito macroeconômico, quanto microeconômico e energético/ambiental. Estes desafios, por sua vez, conduzem a uma necessária reorganização de instituições e políticas para o desenvolvimento econômico nacional. No âmbito microeconômico, a compreensão dos determinantes da dinâmica de concorrência na indústria parapetrolífera é um dos elementos indispensáveis para construção de políticas de desenvolvimento industrial. Esta tese apresenta como a coevolução das trajetórias tecnológicas e de acumulação de capitais condicionam as dinâmicas de concorrência nos diversos e heterogêneos segmentos da indústria parapetrolífera. A análise destas trajetórias e de suas características aponta para a dinâmica de investimentos na indústria petrolífera e para as políticas de Estado como determinantes fundamentais em sua constituição. Estes fatores também determinam, em conjunto com as estratégias de empresas parapetrolíferas, o perfil da inserção setorial dos agentes líderes e a composição regional da produção desta indústria. Por sua vez, o perfil desta inserção, da formação dos grandes players, guarda relação direta com sua capacidade de acumular e participar ativamente nas redes de aprendizado e de constituição de projetos dominantes em cada segmento. A partir destes pontos de vista esta tese analisa a indústria de equipamentos subsea, um dos segmentos de maior destaque na indústria parapetrolífera brasileira, seja pelo elevado volume de encomendas no país, seja pela participação nacional no desenvolvimento tecnológico do setor. Em âmbito mundial, a emergência desta indústria está relacionada à evolução histórica e investimentos da indústria petrolífera offshore. Esta evolução conduz à formação redes para desenvolvimento de produtos e serviços, ao progressivo crescimento das possibilidades de acumulação nestes mercados e, especialmente nas últimas décadas, à internacionalização produtiva destes agentes. Este movimento condiciona um processo de concentração setorial, seja através de investimentos greenfield, seja através de fusões e aquisições, que progressivamente promove redução das possibilidades de entrada de novos players e condiciona as estratégias de desenvolvimento local. O Brasil, que esteve diretamente associado ao desenvolvimento histórico desta indústria, mesmo tendo atuação decisiva na formação dos projetos dominantes, grande volume de encomendas e capacidade produtiva construída desde a década de 1980, perde espaço na estrutura patrimonial no último ciclo da indústria. Ao contrário de outros países, não houve uma política de formação de grandes grupos nacionais no setor, permitindo uma atuação mais ativa na dinâmica de concorrência global recente. Essas características de sua formação histórica explicam as potencialidades e limitações deste conjunto de segmentos industriais para os próximos anos e indicam os quais os desafios para uma nova estratégia no setor / Abstract: The discovery of Brazilian's Pre-Salt brought up challenges to deal with forthcoming macroeconomic, microeconomic and environment/energetic new contexts. These challenges, on their turn, leads to necessary reorganizations of institutions and national development policies. At the microeconomic level, the understanding of oil supply industry competitive dynamics is a vital element in building new industry development policies. This thesis shows how the coevolution of technological and capital accumulation paths affects the competitive dynamics of numerous and heterogeneous oil supply industry segments. The analysis of those pathways and their features indicate oil industry investment and state policies as their vital determinants. These factors also determine, together with oil supply companies strategies, the leading supplier positioning and regional composition of industry production. On the other hand, firm positioning and the development of leading suppliers are related with their ability to accumulate capital and to become actively involved in learning networks and dominant design product development. The subsea equipment industry, a distinguished segment of Brazilian oil supply industry, is studied here based on this set of working premises. First of all, worldwide, the emergence of this industry can be related to the offshore oil industry investment history. This investment evolution explains equipment and services research and development networks emergence, possibilities of capital accumulation on those market segments and, especially in the past decade, to internationalization of companies and their production. These movements, on their turn, determines a process of sectorial concentration, carried out through greenfield investments, mergers and acquisitions. Finally, as a result of this concentration, higher entry barriers to newcomers and restricted scope of national policy instruments characterize current subsea biggest segments. Historically, Brazilian subsea industry played a great role in equipment and subsea operation technology development, and also had a large proportion of world market since 1980?s. Despite these features, Brazilian companies couldn?t play similar role in the last years. Unlike other pioneer countries, Brazil have not promoted its indigenous companies consolidation, especially during 1990?s and 2000?s industry internationalization process. This absence favored foreign groups, which enlarged their investment in Brazil since mid nineties. This process increased national production capacity and sectorial efficiency, but reduced national companies share in large segments. These features explains current Brazilian subsea industry strengths and weakness, and indicates which challenges need to be addressed in a Pre-Salt new sectorial strategy / Doutorado / Teoria Economica / Doutor em Ciências Econômicas

Orientador: Antonio Celso Fonseca de Arruda / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T04:30:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gouvea_MarcoAurelio_M.pdf: 3731327 bytes, checksum: 1728d314950efa177f222899453e2bdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: No mercado é possível encontrar grande variação de dispositivos de retenção de crianças, parte destes dispositivos é desenvolvida para acomodar crianças de diferentes grupos de massa definido nos requisitos legais Brasileiros, Europeus e Americanos. Existe sobreposição entre os grupos, permitindo que a mesma criança utilize dispositivos de retenção de diferentes grupos. Este trabalho tem como propósito comparar o comportamento do manequim, que simula ocupante de três anos de idade com 15 kg, em teste dinâmico similar ao da ECE R44 com dispositivo de retenção de criança instalado conforme Grupo I, com cinto de segurança cinco pontos, e quando instalado conforme Grupo II, com cinto de segurança veicular de três pontos. Para suportar as conclusões obtidas foi utilizado dado dos testes de certificação do dispositivo de retenção de criança Grupo I e II. O dispositivo de retenção de criança utilizado neste estudo é certificado conforme INMETRO portaria 38, sendo ancoradas ao equipamento de teste pelo cinto de segurança três pontas conforme indicação do fabricante. Os testes dinâmicos foram executados com trenó que desacelera em função do tempo conforme curva padrão da ECE R44. Esta dissertação conclui que a resposta dinâmica do manequim depende do projeto de instalação do dispositivo de retenção de criança ao veículo e que considerando a menor movimentação da cabeça do manequim e menores lesões da cabeça, aceleração do peito, região pélvica e púbica, o dispositivo de retenção testado instalado conforme Grupo II apresentou melhor desempenho nos testes dinâmicos que o dispositivo instalado conforme Grupo I, portanto o transporte de criança de três anos de 15 kg é mais seguro com o dispositivo de retenção Grupo I / Abstract: Many CRSs models are available in the market; several are developed to accommodaté different mass group children. There is overlap among the mass groups and as consequence the same child can use a different mass group CRS. The purpose of this paper is to compare the dummy kinematic in a dynamic test similar to ECE R 44 with the same CRS design installed according to Group I (five points harness) and installed according to Group II (vehicle's three point safety belt). To support the conclusions the data of CRS Certification test for Group I and II were used. The chosen CRS is certified for Brazilian market according to INMETRO administrative rule 38 and is anchored to the vehicle by its three point safety belt according to the CRS manufacturer's recommendation. The dynamic tests were performed on Sled subjected to the ECE R 44 standard acceleration vs. time curve. The harness loads and vehicle safety belt loads will be gathered and dummy kinematic were recorded with high speed digital cameras. The results are tabulatéd and compared with focus on the relevant performance differences. This study conclude that dynamic dummy response depend on the CRS design used to install the device to the vehicle and considering the lower ATD head excursion, the lower injuries at head, pelvis, pubic and chest acceleration the tested CRS installed according to Group II (five points harness) present better safety performance on dynamic tests than tested CRS installed according to Group I (vehicle's three point safety belt) / Mestrado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

M.Phil. / In modern society, professional engineers, technologists and technical managers are responsible for the planning, design, manufacture, maintenance and operation of the processes and systems ranging from simple processes to complex systems. The failure of these can often cause effects that range from inconvenience and irritation to severe impact on the society and its environment. Users, customers and society in general expect that products be reliable and safe at all times (Allan & Ballinton 1992). The biggest investment in any plant is, arguably, on individual plant equipment. It is therefore reasonable to give the greatest attention possible to the health and integrity of equipment that form part of the chemical process plant.Most of plant failures occur without warning and this result in equipment breakdowns, huge production losses and expensive maintenance. The reaction to plant failures has, in most cases, been a reactive maintenance which means that the plant equipment must fail before the cause of fault is investigated and the equipment is repaired. Reactive maintenance has shortcomings in that it is successful in solving problems temporarily but does not guarantee prevention of fault recurrence. Equipment and process failures waste money on unreliability problems. The question that arises is. ‘How reliable and safe is the plant during its operating life?’ This question can be answered, in part, by the use of quantitative reliability evaluation. The growing need to achieve high availability for large integrated chemical process systems demands higher levels of reliability at the operational stage. Reliability is the probability of equipment or processes to function without failure when operated correctly for a given interval of time under stated conditions. This research dissertation is aimed at developing equipment optimisation program for the chemical process plant by introducing a logical approach to managing the maintenance of plant equipment. Some relevant reliability theory is discussed and applied to the Short – Path Distillation (SPD) plant of SASOL WAX. An analysis of the failure modes and criticality helps to identify plant equipment that needs special focus during inspection.

This dissertation describes the purification and partial characterization of CBP from the epidermis of the monarch butterfly larvae (Danaus plexippus). A yellow protein-carotenoid complex was extracted from the yellow pigmented epidermal tissue from monarch butterfly larvae by homogenization. Additional steps in the purification process included differential precipitation with ammonium sulfate, cation and anion chromatography, and lastly size exclusion chromatography. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrates that a single protein was isolated (M-LBP) having a ~60 kDa molecular weight, the value has subsequently been confirmed by HR-tandem MS. Lutein is the sole carotenoid bound by M-LBP with a stoichiometry of the binding of 2: 1. Immunohistochemistry results show that M-LBP has no cross-reactivity to antibodies for silk worm CBP (Bombix mori) but does have cross-reactivity with antibodies for horn worm epidermal CBP (Agrius convolvuli). Binding affinities were determined using surface plasmon resonance for the carotenoids lutein (KD = 18.6 ± 0.7), R,R-zeaxanthin (KD = 990 ± 60), R,S-zeaxanthin (KD = 60 ± 2). Tryptophyphan fluorescence lifetimes were determined for the apoprotein and compared to those of the native M-LBP. Tryptophan fluorescence lifetimes were found to be 3.9 ns and 3.0 ns, respectively for these two forms of the protein, indicating that upon dissociation of the carotenoid from the protein the tryptophan fluorophore adopts a position where it has less interaction with the polar surface environment.

Bag-valve mask (BVM) ventilation maintains a patient's oxygenation and ventilation until a more definitive artificial airway can be established. In the prehospital setting of a traffic collision or medical aid scene this is performed by an Emerency Medical Technician or medical first responder. Few studies have looked at the effectiveness of Bag-valve masks (BVM) or the complication rate of ventilating an unprotected airway. The purpose and goal of this study is to educate both medical first responders and basic emergency medical technicians.

Evaluates and assesses the probes and associated probeware of three manufacturers using a variety of criteria that are essential information for a consumer. The probes and probeware examined include Pasco Scientific's ScienceWorkshop, Venier's LabPro, and Onset's HOBO. Three experiments were used to test each of the criteria for comparison. Based on the data in the study no manufacturer proved themselves to be clearly the best, and taken collectively the benefits and drawbacks balance out.

BMA Innovation Consulting is committed to serving consumers products that can play a more meaningful role in household cleaning. So far, their innovation department has used psychology-based principles and approaches that have helped them understand consumers’ preferences, attitudes and claimed needs in household cleaning. That said, little information has been collected on the active role that products play or could play as participants in the everyday dynamics of US consumers. An anthropological approach to the study of U.S. kitchens, as an important center of family interaction in U.S. households, should yield important insights to the design and development of products that can more effectively and more actively participate in those dynamics. With this project I am fundamentally proposing a new approach to the identification of critical product design requirements. Figure on the right shows the key differences between the psychology-derived principles the organization is mostly using today vs. the anthropological lenses through which I will be conducting my research. Overall, I will be leveraging existing knowledge in the “individual desires” realm, connecting it to the collective situation & cultural context within which “cleaning action” emerges.

The petroleum industry has one of the most complex supply chains in the world. A unique characteristic of Petroleum Supply Chain (PSC) is the high degree of uncertainty which propagates through the network. Therefore, it is necessary to develop quantitative models aiming at optimizing the network and managing logistics operations. This work proposes a deterministic Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) model for downstream PSC to determine the optimal distribution center (DC) locations, capacities, transportation modes, and transfer volumes. Three products are considered in this study: gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. The model minimizes multi-echelon multi-product cost along the refineries, distribution centers, transportation modes and demand nodes. The relationship between strategic planning and multimodal transportation is further elucidated. Furthermore, this work proposes a two stage Stochastic Mixed Integer Linear Program (SMILP) models with recourse for PSC under the risk of random disruptions, and a two stage Stochastic Linear Program (SLP) model with recourse under the risk of anticipated disruptions, namely hurricanes. Two separate types of mitigation strategies – proactive and reactive – are proposed in each model based on the type of disruption. The SMILP model determines optimal DC locations and capacities in the first stage and utilizes multimode transportation as the reactive mitigation strategy in the second stage to allocate transfer volumes. The SLP model uses proactive mitigation strategies in the first stage and employs multimode transportation as the reactive mitigation strategy. The goal of both stochastic models is to minimize the expected total supply chain costs under uncertainty. The proposed models are tested with real data from two sections of the U.S. petroleum industry, PADD 3 and PADD 1, and transportation networks within Geographic Information System (GIS). It involves supply at the existing refineries, proposed DCs and demand nodes. GIS is used to analyze spatial data and to map refineries, DCs and demand nodes to visualize the process. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to asses supply chain performance in response to changes in key parameters of proposed models to provide insights on PSC decisions, and to demonstrate the impact of key parameters on PSC decisions and total cost. / Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute (UGPTI) / Mountain Plains Consortium (MPC)

Campus foodservice has experienced drastic changes over the twentieth century. Its cafeteria style service has some major advantages in catering the needs of the clientele: speed of service, convenience in food selection, and range of price, and so forth. As enrollments in colleges and universities have been continuously increasing during the past few years, campus foodservice operation is gaining its importance in the foodservice industry. Additionally, it serves as a part of the marketing mix with an appeal to increasing number of students. The campus foodservice administrators are facing increased pressure of cost containment. Therefore, how to improve operational efficiency and productivity has been a major concern among foodservice managers. However, this is difficult to achieve due to the numerous variables likely to influence productivity with interrelating factors, such as policy and standard, employee and management skills, efficiency of facility layout, and so forth. There is a lack of published reports that single out these variables and provide in-depth analysis as to their impact on productivity. Efficiency of kitchen equipment and workplace layout has been identified as a variable that influences labor productivity. It is the objective of this study to utilize the variables inherent in meal production of campus foodservice operations to assess the efficiency of kitchen equipment and workplace layout and determine their impact on with labor productivity. Case studies were conducted in Owens Food Court, Shultz and Dietrick Dining Halls on the campus of Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University. Work flow analysis and process time analysis of kitchen employees was utilized to collect data in describing work flow and utilization of labor time in meal production among the dining facilities. Ten entree items were purposively sampled from each dining facility. The Product Process Gross Charts, often used in industrial engineering, were used as a major data collecting tool. A total of 150 charts, which included Move Charts, Distance Charts, Travel Charts, Description of By-pass, and Worker Process Time Charts, were utilized extensively for data collection and interpretation. The differences in work flow variables and utilization of labor time variables among the dining facilities were studied. An analysis of the influence of work flow variables on the utilization of labor time was conducted. In addition, the differences in the functioning of work flow variables in affecting utilization of labor time among the dining facilities were also analyzed. The results showed significant differences in absolute travel distance and percentage of time spent walking and (or) for delays among three dining facilities. Further more, collapsed information indicated that absolute travel distance was positively related with percentage of time spent walking and (or) for delays; and that percentage of backward movement was also positively related with percentage of time spent walking and (or) for delays. Based on the findings, it is recommended by the researcher that a smooth work flow should be achieved in kitchen design, and some major equipment and workplace should be located within the direct line of flow. Equipment and workplace should be organized into different "functional clusters". It is also recommended that further research would be useful in identifying additional variables which would account for a great percentage of variance in the utilization of labor time. / Master of Science

This paper investigates the various parameters that effect voltage stability in sub-transmission power networks. The paper first looks at contributions from equipment: generators, transmission lines, transformers, capacitors, SVCs and STATCOMs. The paper also looks at the effects of loads on voltage stability. Power flow solutions, PV and VQ curves are covered. The study models an existing voltage problem i.e., a long, radial, 115 kV sub-transmission network that serves a 65 MW load. The network model is simulated with the following voltage instability countermeasures: adding a capacitor, adding an SVC, adding a STATCOM, tying to a neighboring transmission system, adding generation and bringing in a new 230 kV source. Then, using the WECC heavy-winter 2012 power flow base case and Siemens PTI software, VQ and PV curves are created for each solution. Finally, the curves are analyzed to determine the best solution.