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Correctional education research strongly suggests that an increase in inmates’ education will reduce recidivism rates. This study utilized logistic regression techniques to investigate the effects of prison education program participation on recidivism and employment rates. Using this method made it possible to conclude that inmates who participated in prison intervention/educational programs were significantly less likely to recidivate. The purpose of this study was to identify to what extent the Mississippi Department of Corrections’ (MDOC’s) intervention/educational programs reduce recidivism. The pre-existing data used were historical information collected as part of a longitudinal study on Mississippi inmates since 2000. The data were transferred every quarter to the National Strategic Planning and Analysis Research Center (nSPARC) for management and analysis. Initial tests found that several variables had a relationship with recidivism. The findings in this study suggest that ex-offenders who completed an education/vocational program or completed a counseling program were 87% (p < 0.001), 9.9% (p < 0.005), respectively, less likely to recidivate than those ex-offenders who did not participate in any type of education or intervention program. The results also suggest that ex-offenders who enrolled in but did not complete an education/vocational program were l0% (p<0.005) less likely to recidivate than those ex-offenders who did not participate in any type of education or intervention program. Recommendations that result from these findings include an increase in the number and quality of intervention/educational programs in Mississippi prisons. Policies could be suggested and/or implemented that would reduce the number of people who violate the law upon their re-entry into society.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om prisutvecklingen på ex-dagen kan förklaras av andelen utländskt ägande i bolagen registrerade på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm.  Metod: En kvantitativ metod har används och data för perioden 2008-2012 har inhämtats via databasen Thomson Reuters Datastream och Euroclear Sweden. Hypotestester och regressionsanalyser har utförts i Minitab.  Slutsats: En ex-dagseffekt går att urskilja på Stockholmsbörsen, där aktiekursen i genomsnitt sjunker med 59 % av utdelningsbeloppet. I jämförelse med tidigare studier tyder det på att marknaden blivit mer effektiv kring ex-dagen, ett konstaterande som också stärks av att den avvikande avkastningen antar ett i genomsnitt lägre värde än tidigare studier. Gällande direktavkastning är resultaten i enlighet med tidigare studier, det vill säga högre prisfallskvot för aktier med högre direktavkastning. Resultatet för frågeställningen gällande huruvida utländskt ägande påverkar prisutvecklingen på ex-dagen visar att medelvärdet på prisfallskvoten för gruppen med högt utländskt ägande skilt från gruppen med lågt utländskt ägande. Regressionen där det totala datamaterialet ligger till grund för analysen visar upp en justerad förklaringsgrad på 3,02 %. Efter att ha delat in observationerna i 16 portföljer sorterade efter andelen utländskt ägande går dock att urskilja ett tydligare linjärt samband med en justerad förklaringsgrad på 50,1 %. Båda resultaten av regressionerna är signifikanta. Slutsatsen och svaret på frågeställningen blir därmed att andelen utländskt ägande har en påverkan på prisfallskvoten.

När ett företag ger utdelning till sina aktieägare bör priset på en aktie sjunka med ett värde motsvarande utdelningsbeloppet, givet att marknaden är effektiv. Tidigare studier har visat att så inte är fallet i realiteten, en effekt som kallas ex-dagseffekten. Denna uppsats undersöker ex-dagseffektens förekomst i Sverige över tid. En eventstudie har genomförts för att se om det finns en avvikande avkastning på ex-dagen. Resultatet visar att det finns en avvikande avkastning på ex-dagen under åren 1961-2017. Utifrån denna undersökning kan vi med statistisk säkerhet säga att det har funnits en ex-dagseffekt. Tidigare studier argumenterar att det kan bero på skillnader i beskattning av kapitalvinst och utdelning alternativt en ökad handelsvolym. Däremot gav inte studien några signifikanta resultat om ex-dagseffekten beror på skatteeffekter eller aktieomsättning.

In the financial world, stocks should provide a greater return than safe investments such as Treasury bonds. This is due to a higher risk involved when obtaining stocks in comparison to treasury bonds. Thus, the higher risk involved, the higher return is expected by the investors. The return expected over the risk-free rate is a compensation for the risk. This compensation is referred to as the market risk premium (MRP). According to financial researchers, it is not only the magnitude of the MRP discussed controversially among economists, but also the appropriate methodology to calculate meaning-ful estimates. The various estimation methods can be generalized as the historical approach (ex post) and the forward-looking approach (ex ante). The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the application of the estimation methods for-practical investment decitions and to observe which estimate (ex-post or/and ex-ante) the financial actors find to be optimal as an input for decision making. Data will be gathered from a small group of respondents in order to receive an in-depth comprehension of the subject matter. Hence, the nature of the data in this research dictates the application of qualitative methods. It can be concluded that both the ex-ante method and the ex-post method are used by the three financial actors when forecasting the MRP. Furthermore, it could be concluded that investors can apply different values of MRP as an input for models and investment deci-sions due to the fact that the choice of the fair MRP involves some subjective judgments from the individual analyst or investor.

<p>In the financial world, stocks should provide a greater return than safe investments such as Treasury bonds. This is due to a higher risk involved when obtaining stocks in comparison to treasury bonds. Thus, the higher risk involved, the higher return is expected by the investors. The return expected over the risk-free rate is a compensation for the risk. This compensation is referred to as the market risk premium (MRP).</p><p>According to financial researchers, it is not only the magnitude of the MRP discussed controversially among economists, but also the appropriate methodology to calculate meaning-ful estimates. The various estimation methods can be generalized as the historical approach (ex post) and the forward-looking approach (ex ante).</p><p>The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the application of the estimation methods for-practical investment decitions and to observe which estimate (ex-post or/and ex-ante) the financial actors find to be optimal as an input for decision making.</p><p>Data will be gathered from a small group of respondents in order to receive an in-depth comprehension of the subject matter. Hence, the nature of the data in this research dictates the application of qualitative methods.</p><p>It can be concluded that both the ex-ante method and the ex-post method are used by the three financial actors when forecasting the MRP. Furthermore, it could be concluded that investors can apply different values of MRP as an input for models and investment deci-sions due to the fact that the choice of the fair MRP involves some subjective judgments from the individual analyst or investor.</p>

Thesis (LL. M.)--University of Canterbury, 2008. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 193-198). Also available via the World Wide Web.

The present study examines the influence of social bonds on recidivism for a random sample of 250 male offenders released from Texas prisons since 2001. Social bonds are defined as the offender being employed, being married, or seeking educational pursuits. Based on life-course theory, developed by Sampson and Laub (1990), the researcher hypothesized that offenders released from prison who developed attachments (social bonds) would have less likelihood of recidivating than offenders who did not develop attachments (social bonds). Additionally, the researcher hypothesized that recidivists who developed attachments (social bonds) would have longer periods crimefree before re-incarceration than recidivists who lacked attachments (social bonds). The researcher used hierarchical binary logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard modeling to test the hypotheses. Although social bonds did not decrease the likelihood of re-incarceration, Cox proportional hazard modeling found that recidivists who obtained employment upon release from prison had longer periods before recidivating than those who did not obtain employment. The results indicate that employment may temporarily motivate offenders released from prison to avoid re-incarceration, but the affects appear to diminish over time. Social workers providing services to offenders released from prison should be aware that the influence of employment on desistance from crime might weaken over time, so they should continuously measure their clients' motivation levels regarding the desire to avoid re-incarceration.

The purpose of this project was to explore how ex-offenders collectively leverage personal and community assets to transcend passivity and powerlessness in the face of reentry barriers, as well as to identify the personal milestones that signal social and community re-integration, post-incarceration. A qualitative inquiry utilizing interviews and a support group structure modeled on action research was used to generate two distinct products. The first product concerned a peer-group model that could be employed by ex-offenders as a form of community capacity building. The second product sought to identify reentry milestones utilized in the development of effective support programs to aid ex-offenders in the areas of employment and housing. Data collection points included the narratives elicited from participants during the intake and exit interviews, a grounded theory analysis fostered during each support group session with the intent to identify group curriculum, and the life stories revealed in the reflective journals all participants are asked to maintain. Narrative analysis was employed to understand the meaning participants provide to the work of the support group as well as the volunteer work they are asked to do to illustrate their commitment to community building. The participants utilized a grounded theory analysis to examine transcripts of group discussions in an effort to explicate the most important components of a peer-group model. / text