Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir,2005. / Keywords: Benefit-cost analysis, seismicity, seismic safety, rehabilitation, damage estimation. Includes bibliographical references (leaves.81-83).

Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, 2006. / Keywords: Robot design, mechanical applications, rescue, mapping, search robot, rescue robot. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-66).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-145).

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No description available.

The oceanic Juan de Fuca and Explorer plates are subducting beneath the continental America plate west of Vancouver Island. The Nootka fault zone, which separates these oceanic plates, experiences left-lateral shear due to the different rates of subduction for the Juan de Fuca (4 cm/yr) and the Explorer (<2 cm/yr) plates. Since 1918, six significant earthquakes (M= 5.3 - 7.2) have occurred in the region where the projection of this fault zone intersects central Vancouver Island. In this study two of the largest events are examined; the 1918 (Ms ≃ 7) and the 1957 (Ms ≃ 6) earthquakes. Prior to this research, no comprehensive studies of these events had been carried out. A total of 46 seismograms from 24 stations worldwide were obtained for the 1918 earthquake, and 138 seismograms from 46 stations were obtained for the 1957 earthquake. The preferred epicentre for the 1918 earthquake is 49.47°N, 126.24°W, with an estimated uncertainty of ±30 km. The preferred focal depth of 15 km indicates that this was a crustal earthquake. Magnitude estimates are Ms = 6.9 ± 0.3, mb, = 7.2 ± 0.4 and MI = 7.0, in agreement with previous studies. Surface wave analysis suggests this is a predominantly strike-slip earthquake occurring along either a NNW or an ENE striking fault. A seismic moment of 7.40x10²⁵ dyne-cm and a stress drop of 122 bars, indicative of an intraplate event, are estimated. The preferred epicentre for the 1957 earthquake is 49.65°N, 127.02°W with an uncertainty of ± 20 km. The estimated focal depth of 30 km suggests this event occurred in the subducting oceanic plate. Magnitude estimates are Ms = 5.9±0.2, rrif, = 6.3±0.3 and Mi = 5.7. Surface wave and P-nodal analyses indicate that this is a predominantly strike-slip earthquake; either dextral along a NNW striking fault, or sinistral along a ENE striking fault. The seismic moment is estimated to be 8.14x10²⁴ dyne-cm, and the stress drop to be 36 bars, which is indicative of an interplate event. The quality of these data does not allow for an unambiguous interpretation of these earthquakes in terms of seismotectonic models. However, the results of this study indicate that these earthquakes do not have normal or thrust mechanisms. The 1918 earthquake appears to be a crustal, intraplate event resulting indirectly from the complicated interaction of the Explorer, Juan de Fuca and America plates. The preferred epicentre, depth and stress drop for the 1957 earthquake are consistent with left-lateral motion between the Juan de Fuca and Explorer plates along the Nootka fault zone where it is being subducted beneath Vancouver Island. Uncertainties in the above parameters however, do not rule out the possibility of this being a crustal earthquake along a NW striking fault. / Science, Faculty of / Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of / Graduate

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth and Planetary Science, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND LINDGREN / Bibliography: leaves 198-206. / by Robert Pfahler Comer. / Ph.D.

Seismic hazard models for Alaska require estimates of the size and frequency of prehistoric megathrust earthquakes. However, observations that place limits on the size of subduction paleoearthquakes along the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone are scarce. To help place bounds on the along-strike extent of prehistoric Alaska-Aleutian subduction ruptures, we present stratigraphic and microfossil evidence of repeated tsunami inundation over the last ~400 years at Sitkalidak Island, located 0.5 km off the coast of south-central Kodiak Island. Peat cores collected from an estuary in southern Sitkalidak Island reveal three anomalous, laterally continuous sand beds with sharp upper and lower contacts preserved within a coastal peat sequence. The microfossil and lithostratigraphic characteristics of the sand beds, including the presence of anomalous marine planktonic diatoms, high fragmentation of diatoms, and upward fining sand sequences, indicate high-energy marine incursions consistent with tsunami inundation. Radiocarbon dating constrains the deposition of the sand beds to AD 1964, AD 1788, and ~400 cal yr B.P. The peat core stratigraphy and dates are consistent with tidal wetland stratigraphic records observed at sites ~90 km to the west at Sitkinak Island, and ~80 km to the east at Middle Bay, Kodiak Island. Diatom results from Sitkalidak Island suggest decimeter-scale subsidence during the deposition of the 1964 CE and 1788 CE sand bed. Deformation concurrent with the 1964 and 1788 ruptures along with the presence of a sand bed associated with the ~400 cal yr BP rupture at Sitkalidak help better define the western and eastern rupture limits, and thus the permissible maximum magnitudes, of past Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone ruptures. / Master of Science / The Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone experiences frequent great earthquakes over magnitude 8 which often produce far-reaching tsunamis. Seismic hazard models that help coastal communities predict and prepare for future hazards require estimates of the size and frequency of prehistoric earthquakes. Data for prehistoric earthquake events in the western region of the subduction zone is scarce. To help address the lack of prehistoric data and understand the rupture path and magnitude of past Alaska-Aleutian earthquakes, we present stratigraphic and microfossil evidence of repeated tsunami inundation over the last ~400 years at Sitkalidak Island, located 0.5 km off the coast of south-central Kodiak Island, Alaska. Sediment cores collected from a marsh in southern Sitkalidak Island record three laterally continuous sand beds with sharp stratigraphic contacts preserved within a coastal peat. Diatom microfossil and grain-size characteristics of the sand beds indicate high-energy marine incursions consistent with chaotic tsunami inundation. Radiocarbon dating places the age of sand bed deposition to AD 1964, AD 1788, and ~400 cal yr B.P. The sediment core stratigraphy and dating correlates well with sites investigated ~90 km to the west and ~80 km to the east. Diatom results from Sitkalidak Island point to small, decimeter scale coseismic subsidence during the deposition of the AD 1964 and AD 1788 sand beds. Land-level change concurrent with the 1964 and 1788 earthquakes along with the presence of a sand bed associated with the ~ 400 cal yr B.P. earthquake found at Sitkalidak Island help better define the earthquake rupture limits and maximum magnitudes of past Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone earthquakes.

No description available.