No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 329-334). Also available online via the University of Texas Libraries website (http://www.lib.utexas.edu/).

Thesis (D.Eng.)--University of Delaware, 2008. / Principal faculty advisor: Paul T. Imhoff, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2004. / Supervisor: James T. O'Connor. Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also available from UMI.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 157 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-132).

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Also available in print.

Management of yard waste is a significant challenge in the US, where in 2008 13.2% of the 250 million tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) was reported to be yard waste. This study describes research conducted in the laboratory and field to examine the application of vegetative mulch as daily and intermediate landfill cover. Mulch was found to exhibit stronger physical properties than soil, leading to a more stable landfill slope. Compaction of mulch was found to be significantly greater than soil, potentially resulting in airspace recovery. Degradation of mulch produced a soil-like material; degradation resulted in lower physical strength and hydraulic conductivity and higher bulk density when compared with fresh mulch. Mulch covers in the field permitted higher infiltration rates at high rain intensities than soil covers, and also generated less runoff due to greater porosity and hydraulic conductivity as compared to soil. Mulch covers appear to promote methane oxidation more than soil covers, although it should be noted that methane input to mulch covers was more than an order of magnitude greater than to soil plots. Life cycle assessment (LCA) showed that, considering carbon sequestration, use of green waste as landfill cover saves GHG emissions and is a better environmental management option compared to composting and use of green waste as biofuel.

The personal computer program MOVEX, a program for the design of structurally supported excavations to limit X lateral ground movements in clay soils, was revised and updated. A key element in the program, the method of determining factor of safety against basal heave, was fully rewritten. Seven case histories were examined to evaluate the program capabilities in predicting movements. Two important improvements to the program include adding allowances for possible anisotropic strength variations in the soil layers, and for wall movements caused by excavation before supports are added to the wall. The latter issue is relevant inasmuch as such movements are present in almost all excavations to one degree or another. The program output was also updated using a streamlined and more informative format. Disclaimer statements were added to certain areas to notify the user of program limitations. Movement calculation methods were improved by removing several errors and adding a linear interpolation feature which eliminates our earlier problem with jumps in predictions as certain parameter horizons were passed. Finally, the Fortran program was reorganized and comment statements were added to provide a more flowing and readable style, and a new User's Guide was developed to reflect the new program. / Master of Science

Chong Chun-wing. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-165). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.v / Table of Contents --- p.vii / List of Tables --- p.x / List of Figures --- p.xii / List of Plates --- p.xiii / List of Appendix --- p.xiv / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Waste management in Hong Kong --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Landfilling --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Definition --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Landfill design --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Waste degradation --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.3.1 --- Landfill leachate --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.3.2 --- Landfill gas --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.3.3 --- Effective control of degraded by-products --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- General practices after completion of landfills --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.4.1 --- Final capping system --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.4.2 --- Revegetation on final cover --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2.4.3 --- Post-closure management --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.4.4 --- Afteruses --- p.12 / Chapter 1.3 --- Reclamation of closed landfills --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Selecting afteruse and setting ultimate ecological goal of a closed landfill --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.1.1 --- Important considerations on landfill reclamation --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.1.2 --- Land reclamation and ecosystem development --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.1.3 --- Choice In Hong Kong --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Limitations to revegetation --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.2.1 --- Physical problems --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.2.2 --- Shallow soil --- p.18 / Chapter 1.3.2.3 --- Drought and waterlogging --- p.18 / Chapter 1.3.2.4 --- Nutrient deficiencies --- p.19 / Chapter 1.3.2.5 --- Landfill gas and leachate --- p.19 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Selecting the suitable species --- p.20 / Chapter 1.4 --- Plantations and closed landfills --- p.22 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- The roles of plantations --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4.1.1 --- Enhancing soil development --- p.24 / Chapter 1.4.1.2 --- Modifying microclimate --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.1.3 --- Facilitate natural invasion --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Exotics or natives? --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Knowledge learned from natural invasion --- p.27 / Chapter 1.4.4 --- Human management or aftercare --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5 --- Objectives of this research --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Knowledge gap --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5.2. --- Objectives --- p.29 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Study Sites --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1 --- General descriptions --- p.31 / Chapter 2.2 --- Locations --- p.34 / Chapter 2.3 --- Climate --- p.36 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Soil Status of Closed Landfills --- p.38 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Landfill gas and soil moisture determination --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Soil sampling and analysis --- p.41 / Chapter 3.2.2.1 --- Soil sampling and preparation --- p.41 / Chapter 3.2.2.2 --- Soil texture and water retention --- p.41 / Chapter 3.2.2.3 --- Bulk density and total porosity --- p.41 / Chapter 3.2.2.4 --- Soil pH and electrical conductivity --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2.2.5 --- Organic carbon --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2.2.6 --- Nitrogen --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2.2.7 --- Phosphorus --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2.2.8 --- Cations --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Statistical analysis --- p.43 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Landfill gas and soil moisture contents --- p.44 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Soil physical properties --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3.2.1 --- Bulk density and porosity --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3.2.2 --- Texture --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Soil chemical properties --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.3.1 --- pH and electrical conductivity --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.3.2 --- Organic carbon and matter --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.3.3 --- Nitrogen and C:N ratio --- p.50 / Chapter 3.3.3.4 --- Phosphorus --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3.3.5 --- Potassium --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.3.6 --- Other major cations --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Comparison among sites --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Comparison with other degraded sites --- p.54 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- Implications --- p.55 / Chapter 3.4 --- Conclusion --- p.57 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- "Screening Native Species for Revegetating ""Recently Restored"" Landfills I: Drought Resistance Trial" --- p.58 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.58 / Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.60 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Principles --- p.60 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Species selection --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- General experimental design --- p.65 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Soil source and analysis --- p.68 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Statistical analysis --- p.68 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.68 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Soil used for filling the trial pots --- p.68 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Chlorophyll fluorescence --- p.70 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Standing leaf number --- p.72 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Overall evaluation --- p.76 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Features of the more drought resistant species --- p.78 / Chapter 4.3.6 --- Limitations for the study --- p.79 / Chapter 4.4 --- Conclusion --- p.79 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- "Screening Native Species for Revegetating ""Recently Restored"" Landfills II: Field Trial" --- p.81 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.81 / Chapter 5.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.82 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Tree planting --- p.82 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Site environmental factors --- p.83 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Survival and growth responses --- p.85 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Ecophysiological responses --- p.85 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Statistical analysis --- p.85 / Chapter 5.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.86 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Environmental factors of Plot TNP --- p.86 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Survival rate --- p.88 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- General growth performance --- p.91 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- Seasonal growth performance --- p.95 / Chapter 5.3.5 --- Ecophysiological responses --- p.99 / Chapter 5.3.5.1 --- Fv/Fm --- p.99 / Chapter 5.3.5.2 --- Stomatal conductance --- p.100 / Chapter 5.3.5.3 --- Transpiration rate --- p.102 / Chapter 5.3.6 --- Species selection --- p.103 / Chapter 5.3.7 --- Limitations and further studies --- p.105 / Chapter 5.4 --- Conclusion --- p.106 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- "Screening Native Species for Revegetating ""Recently Restored´ح Landfills III: Different Management Practices" --- p.107 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.107 / Chapter 6.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.108 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- General experimental design and seedling preparation --- p.108 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- "Survival, Growth and chlorophyll fluorescence responses" --- p.109 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Soil source and analysis --- p.109 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- Statistical analysis --- p.110 / Chapter 6.3 --- Results and Discussion --- p.110 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Soil physical and chemical properties --- p.110 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Survival rate --- p.112 / Chapter 6.3.3 --- General growth peformance --- p.114 / Chapter 6.3.3.1 --- Height growth --- p.114 / Chapter 6.3.3.2 --- Basal diameter growth --- p.119 / Chapter 6.3.4 --- Chlorophyll fluorescence --- p.123 / Chapter 6.3.5 --- Implications --- p.124 / Chapter 6.4 --- Conclusion --- p.125 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- "Performance of Two Years Old Native Saplings Planted on A ""Recently Restored"" Landfill" --- p.126 / Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.126 / Chapter 7.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.127 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- "Study plots, species selection and tree sampling" --- p.127 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- Site environmental factors --- p.128 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Survival and growth responses --- p.128 / Chapter 7.2.4 --- Ecophysiological responses --- p.128 / Chapter 7.2.5 --- Statistical analysis --- p.128 / Chapter 7.3 --- Results and discussion --- p.129 / Chapter 7.3.1 --- Environmental factors of trial plots TA & TB --- p.129 / Chapter 7.3.2 --- Survival rate --- p.131 / Chapter 7.3.3 --- General growth performance --- p.133 / Chapter 7.3.4 --- Seasonal growth performance --- p.137 / Chapter 7.3.5 --- Ecophysiological responses --- p.140 / Chapter 7.3.5.1 --- Fv/Fm --- p.140 / Chapter 7.3.5.2 --- Stomatal conductance --- p.141 / Chapter 7.3.5.3 --- Transpiration rate --- p.142 / Chapter 7.3.6 --- Evaluation of different species --- p.143 / Chapter 7.3.7 --- Effects of ages --- p.144 / Chapter 7.4 --- Conclusion --- p.145 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- General Conclusions --- p.146 / Chapter 8.1 --- Summary of findings --- p.146 / Chapter 8.2 --- Further studies --- p.148 / References --- p.151

published_or_final_version / Civil Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy