Magister Philosophiae - MPhil / The right for every woman to live free of violence is one of the basic human rights. Nevertheless, this right is still subject to violation on a massive and systematic scale around the world. At least one of three women around the world has reported been physical, sexual and emotional abuse by an intimate partner in her lifetime. Although, gender inequalities and discrimination are considered as the underlying factors of domestic violence, little is known about the contributions of the presence of sons and daughters at home, age, gender, education, marital status, working status, place of residence. Despite the fact that recommendations have been made both at the international and national levels to reduce intimate female abuse, the issue is still rampant in developing countries. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the impact of women’s socio-economic and demographic characteristics on domestic violence across seven countries (Cameroon, Ghana, Haiti, Liberia, Moldova, Nepal and Philippines). Frequencies and bivariate analyses were performed using the latest Demographic Health Surveys from 2005 to 2011. The findings established that on average 33.37 percent of women across the seven countries are abused. Domestic violence is a high concern in Cameroon. The educational level still remains a predicting factor of domestic violence across the countries under investigation except in Liberia. The number of living children was also identified as a predicting factor across the studied countries. Finally, a woman having a son or a daughter at home is more likely to expose the woman to intimate violence in Cameroon, Haiti, Moldova, Nepal and Philippines. All the countries are entrenched in a culture of male domination whereby women lack the freedom to decide on marital issues. As a recommendation, the government of each of the studied countries should be more proactive in reinforcing judicial system, policies and education that will help to curb the scourge of domestic violence. Furthermore, improving the level of literacy for women and educating men as the perpetrators of domestic violence will go a long way in abating this social ill.

This is a descriptive study of functional specialization in cities and its relation to certain social, economic and demographic variables.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to compare market prices with respect to the locations in European cities. Locations are divided to European capitals and European cities with smaller (limited) population. Selected real estates are predefined apartment and predefined family house which are the same for all locations. Subject of the literature review is the definition of basic concepts, introduction of the real estate market situation both from the Czech and European perspective and outline of the basic information on European Valuation Standards including their history. Before starting the thesis I established the methodical procedure consisting of selection of the location, i.e. analysis of the markets of individual European metropolises and cities with smaller (limited) population. For the research I chose 4 capitals and 4 cit ies with a population up to 100.000 in Germany, Great Britain, France and the Czech republic. I focused especially on comparison of market prices of the apartments between individual European capitals because an apartment is object of the business transactions more often than a family house. I compared the market prices of family houses only in the cities with smaller (limited) population. In conclusion I tried to clearly summarize the reasons for the price differences between the cities with emphasis on the economic force in individual countries.

The main aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze Chinese innovation policy. First chapter is the introduction of the innovation policy in general and there is also a brief economic characteristic of China in order to understand further issues. The second chapter analyzes main features of the Chinese innovation system. Third chapter focuses on the role of Chinese government and it also analyzes the importance of the Chinese economic development zones. The last fourth chapter concentrates on the Chinese innovation policy in the global context.

<p>The study examines the participation of African immigrants in the South African labour force with the central question revolving around whether the immigrants create jobs through the establishment of their own businesses or take jobs from the locals. Analytical frame work used in this study includes descriptive statistics, chi-square test for association and standardized residuals, two-way analysis of variance and logistic regression. Demographic, locational and socio-economic characteristics were studied using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Two-factor analysis of variance was used to examine the differences on average in the African immigrants&rsquo / participation in the labour force, while logistic regression was used to investigate the effect of some demographic characteristics on employment and work status.</p>

<p>The study examines the participation of African immigrants in the South African labour force with the central question revolving around whether the immigrants create jobs through the establishment of their own businesses or take jobs from the locals. Analytical frame work used in this study includes descriptive statistics, chi-square test for association and standardized residuals, two-way analysis of variance and logistic regression. Demographic, locational and socio-economic characteristics were studied using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Two-factor analysis of variance was used to examine the differences on average in the African immigrants&rsquo / participation in the labour force, while logistic regression was used to investigate the effect of some demographic characteristics on employment and work status.</p>

Magister Philosophiae - MPhil / The study examines the participation of African immigrants in the South African labour force with the central question revolving around whether the immigrants create jobs through the establishment of their own businesses or take jobs from the locals. Analytical frame work used in this study includes descriptive statistics, chi-square test for association and standardized residuals, two-way analysis of variance and logistic regression. Demographic, locational and socio-economic characteristics were studied using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Two-factor analysis of variance was used to examine the differences on average in the African immigrants; participation in the labour force, while logistic regression was used to investigate the effect of some demographic characteristics on employment and work status. / South Africa

The aim of thesis is to evaluate how elder people (seniors) perceive the product offer on the Czech market and the marketing activities of Czech companies. The thesis is focused on the seniors characteristics and specific features of their consumer behavior. The thesis is divided into two major parts: a theoretical and a practical one. The theoretical part is principally dedicated to reviewing basic marketing concepts and procedures for market segmentation and also to factors that affect it. There are mentioned few basic types of segmentation as well as the criteria commonly used for market segmentation. A separate chapter is devoted to a consumer and the factors that influence consumer's purchase decisions. The practical part is focused particularly on the specific features of the Czech consumer and the charakcteristics of the elder consumers. A chapter is devoted not only to statistical data of demographic and socio-economic nature, but also to characteristics of the elder people in terms of sociological perspective. The final part is devoted to the analysis of senior's purchase decision making, arising from the results of the interview survey, and to senior's opinions about marketing and a product offer on the Czech market.

In the year 2020, COVID-19 was a worldwide phenomenon. Changes in personal behavior and consumer behavior resulted from the new restrictions. Because of COVID-19, many consumers purchase groceries online rather than in physical stores. Historically, there have been several pandemics during the 1900 century, and all of these pandemic crises have impacted consumer behavior. In the timeframe of this research, the restriction was withdrawn, and new restrictions were applied, which resulted in continued changed consumer behavior. Different characteristics influence consumer behavior, such as economic, psychological, and environmental. Income and savings of individuals and members of households are economic characteristics that influence consumer behavior. Because no product has to be carried or there is no time limit on shopping, this psychological characteristics contributes to increased accessibility, convenience, and time savings. In terms of the environment, there have been questions about whether e-commerce has a positive or negative impact. Consumer behavior is also influenced by demographic factors, such as age, gender, education, marital status and living environment. All individuals change their buying behavior over their lifetimes, and with restrictions during this pandemic crisis, many needed to adapt their behavior even more. This study has created a more profound understanding of consumer behavior due to a pandemic crisis, such as COVID-19. With this presented purpose, an online survey was constructed and collected a sample of 123 respondents located mainly in Sweden and Norway. After analysing our data collection, we concluded that the three characteristics and demographic factors influenced our sample, and they still prefer to purchase groceries in a physical store, despite a pandemic crisis.

Thesis (M.Sc. Agriculture (Agricultural Economics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / The poultry industry consists of the broiler and layer production. Most of the broiler chickens produced by smallholder farmers in villages are sold to local customers with lower degrees of processing, compared to large commercial farmers who have access to retail and export markets. The aim of this study was to analyse the determinants of gross margin and savings among small-scale broiler producers in Vhembe District of Limpopo Province. In the analyses the following objectives were performed; identifying and describing their socio-economic characteristics, assessing their gross margin, analysing the factors influencing their gross margin and lastly, by analysing the factors affecting savings among these farmers. The study was conducted in three municipalities (Makhado, Thulamela and Musina) under Vhembe District, where 60 respondents were purposively and randomly selected. The total number of households per municipality in Vhembe District were used to determine the exact number of broiler producers to be interviewed in each municipality due to insufficient data available regarding the total number of broiler producers in the district. The respondents were interviewed face to face using structured questionnaires. To achieve the study objectives the study used Descriptive statistics, Gross Margin analysis, Multiple Linear Regression and Logistic Regression model. The results of the study showed that the small-scale broiler producers in Vhembe District are profitable, with an average Gross Margin of R6470.78 per cycle. Six variables from Multiple Linear Regression analysis were found to have an influence on Gross Margin among small-scale broiler producers in Vhembe District. These variables were gender, primary economic activity, cost of day-old chicks, feed cost, electricity cost and labour cost. Seven variables from Logistic Regression analysis were found to have significant influence on savings. These variables were age, primary economic activity, monthly income, gross margin, feeds cost, cost of day-old chicks and vaccines. The study recommends that the broiler producers invest in other heating methods that do not require the use of electricity since it plays an important role towards the savings. The study further recommends that the Department of Agriculture should encourage the small-scale broiler producers to register their enterprise to be able to access extension services and other services from the department when necessary.