The purpose of this thesis is to answer the following question : Ii the E.E.C. in fact a legal model for greater economic integration in Southern Africa? Part One of the thesis provides a description of the organization of the E.E.C After a brief historical introduction, Section One analyses the Community's main institutions : their composition, their function, and their decision-making mechanisms. The different legal instruments of Community law, the relationship between this law and traditional international law on the one hand and the national law of the member states on the other, the interaction between the Council, the Commission and the European Parliament as well as the financing of the organization are also considered in some detail. Section Two examines some of its most important spheres of activity, namely, free movement of goods, free movement of persons, freedom to provide services, free movement of capital, the rules on competition, regional policy, fiscal harmonization and V.A.T., legal equalization processes and transport. A definition of the internal market and an account of other innovations introduced by the Single European Act in the field of the organization's activities concludes this section on the E.E.C Part Two deals with the principal organizations of economic cooperation in Africa, of which South Africa is not a member, and examines to what extent the African continent has been influenced by this European experience. After a short historical account leading to the existence of these African organizations, each kind of institution in these different organizations is dealt with separately in Section One, particular attention being given to their composition, their functions, and their different legal instruments. This is followed by a study of the law of these organizations and to what extent it differs from the traditional international law, as well as the interaction between the different institutions and the financing of these organizations. Section Two examines the main fields of activity of the organizations studied in this Part, namely, the suppression of customs duties, the common customs tariff, the removal of technical barriers to trade, free movement of persons, freedom to provide services, free movement of capital, transport and communication, natural resources, social and cultural matters, regional policies, industrial development, and other fields of activity. Part Three is divided into three chapters. The first one is the study of the principal instruments of multilateral economic cooperation to which South Africa belongs, that is, the Southern African Customs Union, and Monetary Area and the Economic Community of Southern Africa. The second Chapter presents general comparisons between the institutional structure of the organizations, their fields of activity, as well as the supranationalism which they could eventually enjoy. Finally, the third Chapter consists of conclusions which .are of a more personal note, that is to say, a presentation of an original system based on the study made in this thesis, particularly of the E.E.C., a system which, in my opinion, could be applied to the internal law in South Africa and at the same time could offer a model of economic and political integration in Southern Africa.

Thesis (doctoral)--Argosy University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-130).

The Cotonou Agreement introduces new fundamental principles with respect to trade between the European Union and African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries relative to the Lome Convention: in particular non-reciprocal preferential market access for ACP economies will only last until 1 January 2008. After that date, it will be replaced by a string of Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) meant to progressively liberalise trade in a reciprocal way. The progressive removal of barriers to trade is expected to result in the establishment of Free Trade Agreements between the EU and ACP regional groups in accordance with the relevant WTO rules and help further existing regional integration efforts among the ACP. Most discussions of economic development in Africa focus on regional integration as an important element. From the first post-colonial meetings, African leaders emphasised regional integration as a key element of their strategies. In the most recent African plan for economic development, the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD), regional and sub regional approaches to development are again a key element. The plan sees the small size of countries, low incomes, and consequently limited markets as a limit to economies of scale, thus denying attractive returns to investors and in so doing constraining the diversification of production and exports. This is the key reason for pooling resources in order to enhance regional economic integration. The decision by Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland to sign the interim EPA came in the result of SACU's failure to negotiate as a bloc with a view to sign the EPA. In this research, the following statistical techniques were applied: t-test, f-test, regression analysis and its forecasts model for seven Southern African Development Community- Economic Partnership Agreement (SADC EPA) group trading with the European Union, is used to simulate the opportunities and benefits of EPAs for countries of the SADC region. Simulation results show that EPAs with the EU are welfare-enhancing for SADC overall, leading also to substantive increases in real GDP. For most countries further gains may arise from intra-SADC liberalization. / Thesis (M.Com.(Economics) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2011

published_or_final_version / China Development Studies / Master / Master of Arts in China Development Studies

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M.Com. (Economics) / The main purpose of the study was to investigate the role of economic integration in the economic development of the member states of an envisaged economically integrated Southern African bloc, that would include South Africa. The study contends that economic development will be aided, if economic integration were implemented correctly. Economic integration will influence both the allocation and distribution elements of the involved countries' wealth. Since economic development is inextricably entwined with the distribution of wealth, economic integration would have to give special attention to its effect on the distribution of wealth between countries. The mainstream theory of economic integration, however, places much more emphasis on the allocation aspect of integration than the distribution aspect. This imbalance means that economic integration, implemented according to the guidelines of the mainstream theory, will be detrimental to the economic development of especially the less developed countries. The orthodox approach to economic integration should therefore be adapted to the circumstances of developing countries. A suitable economic integration approach should comprise two steps. The first step involves the identification of areas for profitable specialisation, and the second the formulation of an economic integration strategy within the framework of a dirigiste approach to economic development. Porter's theory of the competitive advantage of nations served as the foundation for the formulation of the approaches to both economic development and economic integration in Southern Africa. Industry segments in which profitable specialisation could take place, were identified for South Africa, Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe by means of Porter's statistical method, and afterwards classified in clusters. The development and integration approaches will be centred around the various identified clusters with competitive advantage.