Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:44:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1165076 bytes, checksum: 1476b69f47f904057f84b36edd3723c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The urbanization process in the recent decades has generated problems of considerable severity related to the physical and environmental use and occupation of cities. Economic growth and environmental preservation are often considered antagonistic goals. The question is no longer to grow or not to grow, but how to grow. The interactions between humans and the environment are accentuated in a strictly utilitarian perspective, which aim especially at the economic exploitation. The objective of this study is to investigate the economic valuation of the environmental resource called "Morro do Careca", located at the southern end of Ponta Negra beach in Natal in Rio Grande do Norte - Brazil. In this paper, it was sought to highlight the importance of assigning a monetary value to natural resources. The most used concept in the valuation of natural assets is the willingness to pay and refers to the maximum willingness to pay a person shows when using an environmental resource, considering one s budget, his preference and altruism. In the object under study, it was analyzed the direct use value (DUV) or its no use, since it was analyzed the benefit in the form of visitation of the Morro do Careca or its no visitation. Questionnaires were administered to the students of the Tourism school and Mechanics school at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN). It was used the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to capture the variable willingness to pay for the Morro. It was identified that the average age of respondents is of 22 year-olds. Most are willing to pay for the maintenance of the Morro, whose average value is $ 45.00, constituted primarily of tourism students; those who are not willing to contribute claim living under high taxation values already. In short, it was revealed that people are willing to contribute with $ 8.00 for the maintenance of the Morro do Careca, which leads to the inference that they value this spot of the city and thus recognize its importance to the environment and the city. It is observed that people enjoy directly or indirectly from the preservation of the Morro, through walking, hiking and through the economic value that aggregates to everything in its surroundings. Finally, we conducted a regression analysis through which we investigated the explaining variables gender, age and family income, simultaneously, about the willingness to pay. In the adjustment model, only in the tourism class there was significant difference (5%) between the variable willingness to pay for the maintenance of Morro do Careca and the variable gender. / O processo de urbanização das últimas décadas tem gerado problemas de considerável gravidade, relativos ao uso e à ocupação fisicoambiental das cidades. O crescimento econômico e a preservação ambiental são, frequentemente, considerados objetivos antagônicos. A questão não era mais crescer ou não crescer, mas como crescer. As interações existentes entre o homem e o meio ambiente se acentuam em uma perspectiva estritamente utilitária, voltada notadamente para a exploração econômica. O objetivo geral deste estudo é investigar a valoração econômica do recurso ambiental denominado Morro do Careca , situado no extremo sul da praia de Ponta Negra em Natal no estado do Rio Grande do Norte Brasil. Busca-se ressaltar a importância de atribuir um valor monetário aos recursos naturais. O conceito mais usado na valoração de ativos naturais é o de disposição a pagar e refere-se à máxima propensão a pagar que uma pessoa revela ao usar um recurso ambiental, levando em conta seu orçamento, sua preferência e seu altruísmo. No objeto em estudo, considerou-se o valor de uso direto (VUD) ou não uso, pois se analisou o benefício em forma de visitação do Morro do Careca ou não visitação. Questionários foram aplicados junto aos alunos dos cursos de Turismo e de Mecânica do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN). Utilizou-se do Método de Valoração Contingente (MVC) para captar a variável disposição a pagar pelo Morro. Foi identificado que a média de idade dos entrevistados é 22 anos. A maioria está disposta a pagar pela manutenção do Morro, cujo valor médio é de R$ 45,00, constituída principalmente pelos alunos de Turismo; aqueles que não estão dispostos a contribuir alegam já viver sob alta tributação. Em síntese, uma revelação de que as pessoas estão dispostas a contribuir com R$ 8,00 para a manutenção do Morro do Careca leva a inferir que valorizam esse ponto turístico da cidade e assim reconhecem sua importância para o meio ambiente e para a cidade. Observa-se que pessoas desfrutam direta ou indiretamente do Morro com sua preservação, a exemplo de realização de caminhadas, passeios e da valoração econômica que agrega todo seu entorno. Por fim, foi realizado modelo de regressão por meio do qual foram investigados os efeitos das variáveis explicativas sexo, renda familiar e idade, simultaneamente, sobre a disposição a pagar. No ajuste do modelo, somente no caso da turma de Turismo existiu diferença significativa (5%) entre a variável disposição a pagar pela manutenção do Morro do Careca e a variável sexo.

<p>När en kommersiell hamn byggs ut fordras omfattande muddringsarbete för att säkerställa ett brukligt djup för sjöfart. Då stora delar av muddermassorna ofta är förorenade av tungmetaller och miljögifter krävs särskilt omhändertagande av dessa. Traditionella omhändertagningsalternativ består av att deponera massorna på särskild avsedd plats på land eller tippa till havs, något som inte tillåts för förorenade sediment. En relativt ny metod är stabilisering/solidifiering (S/S) som innebär att muddermassorna behandlas med ett bindemedel för att sedan kunna användas som fyllnadsmaterial i exempelvis kajkonstruktioner. Dessa alternativ behöver noga vägas mot varandra med hänsyn till ekonomiska och miljömässiga aspekter. Föreliggande studie undersöker  ventuella brister i de ekonomiska värderingar som genomförts inför  utbyggandet av Oxelösunds hamn. Vidare genomförs en begränsad cost-benefit analys (CBA) för att värdera alternativen utifrån emissionsnivåer till luft och vatten. Resultatet visar att S/S innan nyttiggörande är det samhällsekonomiskt mest attraktiva alternativet.</p> / <p>When a commercial port is expanding its activities there is need for dredging to secure a safe depth for water borne traffic. The sediments are to a large extent contaminated by metals and toxins which calls for certain treatment. Traditionally sediments have either been disposed of at a specific location on land or dumped at sea; the latter is however not permitted by law. A relatively new method is stabilization/solidification (S/S) which means that the sediments are treated using a solidifying agent after which it is possible to use the dredged materials as filling in construction of jetties. These alternatives need to be carefully compared with respect to economical and environmental aspects. This thesis investigates the potential shortcomings of conducted economical evaluations prior to the expansion of Oxelösund port. Further, a limited cost-benefit analysis is conducted to evaluate the alternatives with respect to emissions of contaminants to air and water. The results show that S/S before utilization of the dredged materials is the most attractive alternative from an economical point of view.</p> / STABCON

När en kommersiell hamn byggs ut fordras omfattande muddringsarbete för att säkerställa ett brukligt djup för sjöfart. Då stora delar av muddermassorna ofta är förorenade av tungmetaller och miljögifter krävs särskilt omhändertagande av dessa. Traditionella omhändertagningsalternativ består av att deponera massorna på särskild avsedd plats på land eller tippa till havs, något som inte tillåts för förorenade sediment. En relativt ny metod är stabilisering/solidifiering (S/S) som innebär att muddermassorna behandlas med ett bindemedel för att sedan kunna användas som fyllnadsmaterial i exempelvis kajkonstruktioner. Dessa alternativ behöver noga vägas mot varandra med hänsyn till ekonomiska och miljömässiga aspekter. Föreliggande studie undersöker  ventuella brister i de ekonomiska värderingar som genomförts inför  utbyggandet av Oxelösunds hamn. Vidare genomförs en begränsad cost-benefit analys (CBA) för att värdera alternativen utifrån emissionsnivåer till luft och vatten. Resultatet visar att S/S innan nyttiggörande är det samhällsekonomiskt mest attraktiva alternativet. / When a commercial port is expanding its activities there is need for dredging to secure a safe depth for water borne traffic. The sediments are to a large extent contaminated by metals and toxins which calls for certain treatment. Traditionally sediments have either been disposed of at a specific location on land or dumped at sea; the latter is however not permitted by law. A relatively new method is stabilization/solidification (S/S) which means that the sediments are treated using a solidifying agent after which it is possible to use the dredged materials as filling in construction of jetties. These alternatives need to be carefully compared with respect to economical and environmental aspects. This thesis investigates the potential shortcomings of conducted economical evaluations prior to the expansion of Oxelösund port. Further, a limited cost-benefit analysis is conducted to evaluate the alternatives with respect to emissions of contaminants to air and water. The results show that S/S before utilization of the dredged materials is the most attractive alternative from an economical point of view. / STABCON