In 1997 the Arizona legislature passed a public education tax credit bill that allowed state income tax payers a dollar-for-dollar tax credit for donations to public schools for extracurricular activities and character education programs. In the haste to get the bill passed there was no time for legislative review, staff analysis, or public scrutiny on the potential impact of the proposed bill. There should have been concern raised on whether the public education tax credit bill would result in an equitable distribution funds given that it was unlikely low-income families would participate, there was no guarantee that middle and upper-income families would designate their contributions to the neediest schools, and state law prohibited any redistribution of funds by school districts.This study quantitatively examined the distribution of education tax credit revenues in terms of student poverty/wealth among unified public school districts in Arizona over a three year time span. The relationship between per pupil education tax credit revenues and the percentage of students eligible for the free/reduced meal program was tested and measured among 92 unified public school districts using correlation and regression analysis for 2005, 2006, and 2007. By statistically examining the distribution of per pupil education tax credit revenues in terms of student poverty/wealth among unified public school districts in a time-series manner, the study aimed to determine if the public education tax credit program in Arizona had resulted in an equitable distribution of funds.The results of the study yielded the following findings. One, there was a strong negative association between the two variables of interest (r = -.58, p < .001). Two, the relationship between variables could be predicated (Y = -93.366x + 81.3) and the linear relationship between variables was statistically reliable (.33). Three, there was a negative beta weight (b = -93.366x) indicating that as a school district's percentage of the free/reduced meal program increased by one percentage point, the per pupil education tax credit decreased by 93 cents. This suggested that unified school districts with higher percentages of students eligible for the free/reduced meal program received lower per pupil education tax credit revenues.

Thesis (Ph. D.) - University of Göttingen, 2004.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Göttingen, 2004. / Title from e-book title screen (viewed Oct. 15, 2007). Description based on print version record.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Göttingen, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [115]-121) and index.

This article highlights some instances where the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) increased taxes for single parents at the moment their children are pursuing a college education. The article further recaps education credits that were saved (but not increased) by the TCJA and a deduction that was lost. The authors also discuss an implication of the TCJA that could cause the burden on families sending children to college to increase further. Finally, the article captures items that legislators could enact to relieve the additional burden on families with students pursuing a college education.

Thesis (Ph. D.) - University of Göttingen, 2004.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Göttingen, 2004. / Description based on print version record.

nÃo hà / This paper analyzes the impact of the program Your Money Note Valley, on the collection of ICMS of the State of Ceara from an analysis of the collection of the Retail Sector before and after the entry into force of that program, using the Chow test to examine whether the time series of Revenue Tribute in Ceara shows a structural change. Created in December 2004 (Law 13,508) by the Finance Secretary of the State of Ceara, The Program Your Money Note Valley aimed at combating tax evasion and encourages citizens and businesses to conduct transactions with the use of the invoice. The work makes reference to improving the tax authorities of tax revenue efficiency due to the Education Fiscal and Fiscal Policies to Combat Tax Evasion and Evasion. It is noteworthy the role and interest of the democratic rule of law in the regulatory process and collection of taxes to meet the social demands Increase the stock of economic capital, social and human through the exercise of citizenship and social responsibility shared between state and citizens to improve the training of effective improvement tax collection and enforcement authority of public resources and social control. The results show that there is a structural break in month / year, indicating that the mentioned program is producing the desired results in terms of increased revenue and consequent awareness of Cearaâs citizens. / Este trabalho analisa o impacto do Programa Sua Nota Vale Dinheiro sobre a arrecadaÃÃo do ICMS do Estado do Cearà a partir de uma anÃlise da arrecadaÃÃo do ICMS do Setor Varejista antes e depois da entrada em vigor do referido Programa, utilizando-se como ferramenta metodolÃgica o Teste de Chow para analisar se a sÃrie temporal da Receita do Tributo no Cearà apresenta uma mudanÃa estrutural. Criado em dezembro de 2004 (Lei 13.508/2004), pela Secretaria da Fazenda do Estado do CearÃ, o Programa Sua Nota Vale Dinheiro visa combater a sonegaÃÃo de impostos e estimular cidadÃos e empresas a realizarem operaÃÃes com a utilizaÃÃo da nota fiscal. O trabalho faz referÃncia à melhoria da eficiÃncia arrecadatÃria dos fiscos em decorrÃncia da EducaÃÃo Fiscal e das PolÃticas do Combate à SonegaÃÃo e EvasÃo Fiscal. Ressalta-se o papel e o interesse do Estado DemocrÃtico de Direito no processo de regulamentaÃÃo e arrecadaÃÃo dos tributos para atender Ãs demandas sociais, aumentar o estoque do capital econÃmico, social e humano por meio do exercÃcio da cidadania e da responsabilidade social compartilhada entre Estado e CidadÃos para a melhoria efetiva da arrecadaÃÃo e a aplicaÃÃo competente dos recursos pÃblicos e o seu controle social. Os resultados demonstram que hà uma quebra estrutural em julho/2005, indicando que o mencionado Programa vem produzindo os resultados desejados em termos de aumento da arrecadaÃÃo e consequente conscientizaÃÃo do cidadÃo cearense.

Thesis (Ph. D.) - University of Göttingen, 2004.