Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:30:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA ODETE VIEIRA TENREIRO.pdf: 1684015 bytes, checksum: fc8d4d8ff33da890dd2c49c5add4989c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work is dedicated to uncovering the impact of the educational policy of expansion of elementary schooling in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil. The survey was conducted in 2009 in eight city schools. The chosen methodology was qualitative in approach and in terms of data organization we were inspired by the methodological procedure of Collective Subject Discourse (CSD), which made it possible to gather together individual thoughts of a similar nature into collective thought. In terms of data collection, semi-structured interviews were conducted in each of the selected schools with the school director, school manager and two classroom teachers who worked in the first year, totalling 30 individuals. The aims of this study are: to discuss the referrals that the Ponta Grossa Department of Education defined to organize the times and teaching spaces for the first year of elementary school (nine year-old students); and to understand the impact on elementary schooling of the policy of inclusion for six year-old children in public municipal schools. Chapter 1 outlines the existing work found on the subject that is recorded in the CAPES (Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) database as well as pointing out the relevance of this research. Chapter 2 gives a brief history of the 1934 Constitution until the Constitutional Amendment 059/2009. Chapter 3 discusses the foundations of theoretical and methodological research, the paths followed in the search for empirical data, and the personal characteristics and professional training of those participating in the survey. Chapter 4 contains the core of the study and therefore includes the voices of the participants and an analysis of their discourses drawn from a reading of the didactic material. This provides not only the voices of the participants but also an interpretation of their discourses. Finally, the research shows that including children in school at the age of nine requires a political, administrative and pedagogical approach and the absence of these three factors makes it difficult to establish a policy. By ensuring that all children from the age of six have access to compulsory education is undoubtedly an opportunity to safeguard a right of citizenship. The survey also shows that the cut-off age for enrollment of children in the first year of elementary school inhibits the possibility of some children entering school. Among other results, we highlight: the need for a better physical structure to receive the children; pedagogical clarity regarding the work in year 1, the interplay between issues of early childhood education and elementary schooling; investment in training for teachers and all who work in schools, and fewer children in classrooms / O trabalho está voltado para desvelar os impactos pedagógicos da política de ampliação do Ensino Fundamental no município de Ponta Grossa Paraná. A pesquisa foi realizada no ano de 2009, em oito escolas municipais. A opção metodológica foi a da abordagem qualitativa, e para a organização dos dados, inspiramo-nos no procedimento metodológico do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC), que possibilitou reunir os pensamentos individuais semelhantes em um pensamento coletivo. Para a coleta dos dados, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com a diretora da escola, pedagoga e duas professoras que atuavam em cada uma das escolas na turma do 1º ano, totalizando 30 sujeitos. O trabalho teve como objetivos: discutir os encaminhamentos que a Secretaria Municipal de Educação da cidade de Ponta Grossa definiu para organizar os tempos e espaços pedagógicos do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental de nove anos e compreender os impactos no Ensino Fundamental da política de inclusão das crianças de seis anos nas escolas da rede pública municipal de ensino. No primeiro capítulo, estão explicitados os trabalhos encontrados sobre a temática, que estavam registrados no banco de dados da CAPES, além de apontar a relevância da presente pesquisa. O segundo capítulo traça uma trajetória histórica da Constituição de 1934 até a Emenda Constitucional 059/2009. Os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos da pesquisa, os caminhos trilhados para a busca dos dados empíricos, quem foram os sujeitos bem como suas características pessoais, profissionais e de formação estão organizados no terceiro capítulo. O quarto capítulo constitui-se como o âmago do estudo, contempla os discursos dos sujeitos, elaborados a partir dos eixos de análise construídos com base na leitura do material empírico. Neles estão contidas as vozes dos sujeitos, bem como a interpretação desses discursos. Por fim, a pesquisa revela que incluir as crianças na escola de nove anos exige um tratamento político, administrativo e pedagógico e que, na ausência desses três fatores, é difícil implantar uma política. Garantir a todas as crianças de seis anos o acesso à educação obrigatória é, sem dúvida, a oportunidade de resgatar um direito de cidadania. A pesquisa também evidenciou que o corte etário para a matrícula da criança no primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental inibe a possibilidade de ingresso da criança na escola. Entre outros resultados, destacam-se: a necessidade de melhor adequação na estrutura física para receber as crianças; clareza pedagógica para o trabalho no 1º ano; entrosamento entre as questões da Educação Infantil e do Ensino Fundamental; investimentos pontual na formação dos professores e de todos os que trabalham na escola, além de menor número de crianças nas salas de aula

El contexto por la pandemia del COVID 19 ha originado un cambio en la educación, en todos los niveles fue necesario pasar de una propuesta formativa presencial a una remota, y con ello se pusieron en práctica el uso y desarrollo de innumerables recursos TIC. Por ello se realizó una investigación con el objetivo de demostrar el impacto del uso del Turnitin y del Mendeley para potenciar la redacción académica de textos originales en los estudiantes de un Instituto Pedagógico Público. Se utilizó el diseño preexperimental con pre y pos prueba, a una muestra de 30 estudiantes seleccionados de manera no probabilística. Para ello se empleó un cuestionario, como pretest y postest, obteniendo coeficientes de V de Aiken de 0,789 y Alfa de Cronbach de 0,743 que garantizaron su aplicabilidad. Para efectuar la propuesta se aplicó una estrategia que comprendió dos momentos: Uso de Mendeley y Uso del turnitin, en ambos casos fue necesario de un monitoreo constante de parte del profesor a partir del planteamiento de retos secuenciales. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el 85% de los estudiantes logran mejorar el nivel de originalidad de sus textos académicos. Superando hasta en 50 puntos el nivel inicial o diagnóstico. En tal sentido, la estrategia basada en el uso del Turnitin y el Mendeley demostró su eficacia a lo largo de la investigación, lo que pone de manifiesto la importancia del uso de estrategias y herramientas con apoyo de las tecnologías de la información, en especial en la producción académica de textos originales y por tanto la necesidad de utilizarlas para potenciar procesos indagativos en contextos de educación presencial, remota o a distancia. / The context of the COVID 19 pandemic has caused a change in education, at all levels it was necessary to go from a face-to-face training proposal to a remote one, and with this the use and development of innumerable ICT resources was put into practice. For this reason, an investigation was carried out with the objective of demonstrating the impact of the use of Turnitin and Mendeley to promote the academic writing of original texts in the students of a Public Pedagogical Institute. The pre-experimental design with pre and post test was used, to a sample of 30 students selected in a non-probabilistic way. For this, a questionnaire was used, as pretest and posttest, obtaining Aiken's V coefficients of 0.789 and Cronbach's Alpha of 0.743 that guaranteed its applicability. To carry out the proposal, a strategy was applied that included two moments: Use of Mendeley and Use of turnitin, in both cases it was necessary a constant monitoring by the teacher from the approach of sequential challenges. The results obtained indicate that 85% of the students manage to improve the level of originality of their academic texts. Exceeding the initial or diagnostic level by up to 50 points. In this sense, the strategy based on the use of Turnitin and Mendeley demonstrated its effectiveness throughout the investigation, which shows the importance of the use of strategies and tools with the support of information technologies, especially in the academic production of original texts and therefore the need to use them to enhance investigative processes in face-to-face, remote or distance education contexts.

In 2012, a southeastern state mandated that all school districts employ the response to intervention (RtI) tiered approach model to meet the needs of struggling students. RtI was implemented at the study site; however, secondary teachers were not confident in their abilities to implement RtI. Researchers have found that a teacher's sense of efficacy can impact student academic outcomes. Professional development on implementing RtI was provided for teachers in the study school. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of explicit RtI professional development on the perceived self-efficacy of secondary teachers and their ability to impact student achievement. The study was framed within the constructs of social cognitive theory (SCT) and the associated concept of teacher efficacy. Pre and postintervention data were collected from 51 core subject area teachers using the Teacher Efficacy Scale Survey (short form). An analysis of the data was conducted using paired sample t tests to measure mean differences in efficacy scores. Results of the data analysis demonstrated significant gains in overall efficacy sum scores, personal teaching efficacy scores, and general teaching efficacy scores among the sample of teachers in this study. The results suggested a positive shift in teacher efficacy following the professional development. Recommendations included additional research with larger samples of teachers and the inclusion of a control group. Implications for positive social change include providing research findings to the local administration on the change in teacher efficacy following the RtI professional development. Recommendations are also provided for continued research on RtI, teacher efficacy, and student achievement.