• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Tr?s ensaios sobre o envelhecimento populacional e seus efeitos econ?micos

Zuanazzi, Pedro Tonon 15 December 2017 (has links)
Submitted by PPG Economia do desenvolvimento (economia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-01-02T18:48:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PEDRO_TONON_ZUANAZZI_TES.pdf: 3379077 bytes, checksum: 874eccd18dcd59a6f01e06000d09b0f7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-01-05T15:15:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PEDRO_TONON_ZUANAZZI_TES.pdf: 3379077 bytes, checksum: 874eccd18dcd59a6f01e06000d09b0f7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-05T15:21:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PEDRO_TONON_ZUANAZZI_TES.pdf: 3379077 bytes, checksum: 874eccd18dcd59a6f01e06000d09b0f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-15 / SESCON-RS / This dissertation is comprised of three essays that relate the demographic transition and the population aging to its economic impacts. The relevance of this topic in literature has increased since the second half of the last century, when studies starts to use, in addition to population growth, changes in the age structures of the population. In the case of Brazil, population will face important challenges in the coming years, such as the population decline and a continuous increase in the elderly population, thus resulting in the end of the demographic dividend - a period when there is an increase in the participation of the population aged 15-64 years in the total population. Thus, in the first essay, the main objective is to evaluate the impact of the demographic dividend on per capita GDP growth using a panel database of countries. The results show that, although the demographic dividend is directly related to the per capita GDP, its effects are partially alleviated due to its inverse relation with the proportion of workers among the population aged 15-64 years. In the second essay, we analyze the evolution of the relationship between the Brazilian's age and their probability to be a saver, measuring the effect of aging on private savings through the Household Budget Surveys (POFs) of 1995-1996, 2002-2003 and 2008-2009. The results, obtained through a multinomial logit model, indicate that demography should contribute slightly to increase the number of savers in the coming years, which indicates that the country lives a smooth second demographic bonus. Finally, considering that several social security reforms have been applied in Brazil since the Federal Constitution of 1988, necessary in part by the process of population aging, the third essay aims at estimating the impact of the modifications of one of these reforms on the Brazilians probability to save. In this case, we investigated the reform originated by Constitutional Amendments 41 and 47, which occurred between the 2002-2003 and 2008-2009 POFs and substantially affected only the civilian public employees, which allowed the use of a difference-in-differences using the other workers as a control group. The results are that the reform has impacted on an increase in the percentage of savers, in accordance with the life cycle hypothesis. / Esta tese ? formada por tr?s ensaios que relacionam a transi??o demogr?fica e o envelhecimento populacional com seus impactos na economia. A relev?ncia desse tema na literatura aumentou a partir da segunda metade do s?culo passado, quando os estudos passaram a empregar, al?m do crescimento populacional, as modifica??es nas estruturas et?rias da popula??o. No cen?rio brasileiro, a popula??o enfrentar? desafios importantes nos pr?ximos anos, como o decl?nio populacional e um cont?nuo aumento da parcela da popula??o idosa, acarretando, portanto, o fim do seu b?nus demogr?fico ? janela em que aumenta a participa??o da popula??o de 15 a 64 anos na popula??o total. Dessa forma, no primeiro ensaio, o objetivo principal foi avaliar os impactos do b?nus demogr?fico no crescimento do PIB per capita utilizando uma base de dados em painel formada por pa?ses. Os resultados obtidos apontam que, embora o b?nus atinja, por identidade, o PIB per capita diretamente, seus efeitos s?o parcialmente amenizados devido ? sua rela??o inversa com a propor??o de trabalhadores entre a popula??o de 15 a 64 anos. No segundo ensaio, atrav?s das Pesquisas de Or?amento Familiares (POFs) de 1995-1996, 2002-2003 e 2008-2009, estudou-se a evolu??o da rela??o entre a idade do brasileiro e a sua probabilidade de ser poupador, avaliando, assim, o efeito do envelhecimento na poupan?a privada. Os resultados, obtidos atrav?s de um modelo logit multinomial, sinalizam que a demografia deve contribuir ligeiramente para o crescimento no n?mero de poupadores nos pr?ximos anos, dando ind?cios de que o pa?s vive, de forma suave, um segundo b?nus demogr?fico. Por fim, tendo em vista que diversas reformas previdenci?rias t?m sido aplicadas no Brasil desde a Constitui??o Federal de 1988, necess?rias, em parte, pelo processo de envelhecimento da popula??o, o terceiro ensaio visa estimar o impacto das modifica??es de uma dessas reformas na probabilidade de poupar dos brasileiros. No caso, investigou-se a reforma originada pelas Emendas Constitucionais 41 e 47, que ocorreu entre as POFs 2002-2003 e 2008-2009 e atingiu substancialmente apenas os servidores p?blicos civis, o que permitiu a utiliza??o de um modelo de diferen?as-emdiferen?as utilizando os demais trabalhadores como grupo controle. Os resultados encontrados s?o de que a reforma impactou em um incremento no percentual de poupadores, indo ao encontro da hip?tese do ciclo de vida.

Page generated in 0.0783 seconds