Objective: The appropriate application of audiological measures during paediatric hearing aid (HA) fitting ensures the fitting is effective and provides speech audibility across the frequency range. Audiological assessment may include both behavioural and objective measures, such as auditory brainstem response (ABR) and auditory steady-state response (ASSR). ABR and ASSR measures however do not have a 1:1 correlation with behavioural measures, and correction values need to be applied to estimate behavioural thresholds prior to HA fitting. No study has previously described how South African audiologists are utilising ABR and ASSR results during paediatric HA fitting. This study aimed to describe the current South African audiological clinical practice for paediatric HA fitting, with specific reference to the application of ABR and ASSR measures. Design: The study employed a quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional survey research design. Study sample: Thirty-four personal interviews with audiologists were completed, seven within the private health sector and 27 within the public health sector. Results: Results indicated that limited departmental protocols exist and adherence to available protocols was questioned. There was a lack of consensus regarding the application of correction values to ABR and ASSR measures for HA fitting and the values utilised often differed significantly from recommended guidelines. There appeared to be an over-reliance on electrophysiological measures for paediatric audiological assessment, as well as a lack of adherence to recommended age-appropriate assessment guidelines. Conclusion: Findings suggest the need for promoting improved clinical practice and knowledge within the area of paediatric audiology in South Africa. The need for the development of nationally-agreed guidelines was highlighted.

Thesis M.Com. (Development Theory and Policy) -- University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, 2014 / This dissertation analyzes the competitiveness and performance of the Zimbabwean poultry industry in the context of trade liberalization, given that both poultry output and the main inputs (animal feed and breeding stock) are tradable. Poultry is an important product as the main source of protein for consumers. It also has strong links to agriculture through the production of animal feed. Despite the rise in chicken demand over the years as a cheap source of protein, the poultry industry in Zimbabwe still faces a number of challenges which the government claims include stiff competition from cheap imports, rising input costs of maize and soya meal and illegal imports being sold at sub-economic prices. This study evaluates these factors and the impact of changing trade protection. The methodology used in this study is both qualitative and quantitative. An analysis is done on trade tariffs particularly focusing on their effect to the poultry industry. Disaggregated trade and tariff data was used to analyze the evolution of tariff regime in the industry and to calculate the effective rate of protection of the poultry sector. A value chain approach was used to understand the linkages and interests that exist in this industry. The poultry industry has been affected by imports starting 2007 and has not been exporting since then as the industry struggled to compete on the domestic market. The study showed that the effective rate of protection calculation is complicated by the different trade regimes which currently exist. If the main international competition is from South Africa then the existence of the bi-lateral agreement between Zimbabwe and South Africa means that the poultry sector has not been protected. The study has shown that the breeding subsector is characterized by a duopoly since there are only two breeding firms in Zimbabwe and the comparison carried out revealed that Zimbabwean prices of day old chicks are above those of comparable countries in the region such as South Africa. The study shows that prices for GMO maize used in South Africa are substantially cheaper than Zimbabwean prices, thereby making Zimbabwean producers uncompetitive. The study recommends policies that attract investment in the breeding sub-sector of the value chain to increase competition, a review of GMO maize policy and reducing tariffs of imported raw materials used in the poultry industry.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Commerce (specialising in Taxation) / According to South African domestic law, the term ‘place of effective management’ is ‘one of the tests used to determine the residency of a person, other than a natural person’ (South African Institute of Tax Practitioners, 2010, p.549). The term ‘place of effective management’ is not defined in the South African Income Tax Act 58 of 1962 and there is very limited case law in South Africa which deals specifically with the matter. In an attempt to clarify the term, the South African Revenue Service issued Interpretation Note 6: Resident: Place of effective management (persons other than natural persons) (2002) where, as noted by Olivier and Honiball (2008, p.82), ‘emphasis is placed on where important decisions are implemented and not where such decisions are taken’ as the ‘place of effective management’. This is contrary to international guidelines, which typically focus on where important decisions are taken (Olivier and Honiball, 2008, p.75). Key Words: Board of directors, central management and control, control, day-to-day decisions, Discussion Paper on Interpretation Note 6, Interpretation Note 6, key decision making, OECD Model Tax Convention, place of effective management

Thesis (MEd)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. / Continuing Professional Teacher Development (CPTD) policy is an initiative intended to up-skill teachers, and in so doing improve schooling and learner achievement. CPTD involves the participation of teachers in various developmental activities for which they earn CPTD points. The professional development of teachers in South Africa has been erratic and, as a consequence, there has been a decline in the quality of teachers. Despite there being formal structures in place, policy implementation continues to be a problem. The purpose of this study was to identify constraints and opportunities regarding CPTD policy implementation in the Western Cape. The research tradition of interpretivism was chosen, allowing for a qualitative case study design to be employed. The non-probability sampling method was used to select a purposive sample of three WCED officials and four school principals. Convenience sampling was applied in identifying 24 teachers. Other data were drawn from policy documents. The study was conducted in an urban and rural district within the Western Cape. This study is significant in that it informs policy makers and implementers, and other stakeholders about the constraints and opportunities with regard to CPTD implementation and in so doing, paves the way for more effective implementation. Findings revealed that constraints outweighed opportunities. In spite of time constraints, principals and teachers reported that they are in support of professional development, but are not in support of the CPTD management system implemented by SACE. They do not agree with the one-size-fits-all approach to implementation, nor the focus of development being the collection of CPTD points. It is thus deemed that a review of the CPTD policy is necessary in order to clear the misconception that accumulation of PD points is the primary focus of CPTD. Granted, teachers would still need to collect points to monitor their growth. A recommendation is made in this study to improve the system and ensure that it is functional and accessible to all teachers at all times, including those in rural districts.

This study describes how undergraduate students in their junior and senior year seeking a bachelor’s degree in hospitality management at a regionally accredited university perceive their professors’ instructional attributes and behaviors. This examination concentrated on two critical zones of discernment concerning professors’ instructional practices. Participants were asked what teaching attributes contributed to their academic success, and teaching attributes did not contribute to their academic success. The study also sought to identify any obstacles faced by the participating undergraduate students and their faculty as indicators of how to mitigate such obstacles. This study included a review of an extensive collection of research on student perspectives and how those perspectives may reflect on the evaluation of the adequacy of various teaching techniques and academic practices. This study found that the instructional attributes that participating students reported that they value include: agreeableness (concern and regard for students), accommodation (accessibility), and receptiveness to others’ conclusions (support of class inquiries and exchange), yet all instructors do not exhibit each of these attributes. This study identified the positive teaching characteristics of professors in one setting and how these professors interact with their students in a manner that captures students’ attention and promotes teaching and learning in the classroom. It also suggests attributes that professors in this setting and discipline may wish to elevate to better connect with students in the classroom. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2018. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

This quantitative study examined secondary schools across a south Florida school district to determine the relationship between school characteristics and measures of teacher quality with the aim of ascertaining the equitable distribution of the educational resource, teacher quality. Data regarding student population, staff climate survey responses, school points, and measures of teacher quality were requested from the school district; however, the requested teacher quality data was not available from the district. The researcher accessed publicly available teacher quality data from the Florida Department of Education regarding advanced degree completion, out-of-field teachers, and highly qualified teachers to serve as measures of teacher quality at secondary schools. Data were collected and analyzed using quantitative methods for 119 schools that served as the unit of analysis. Using multiple regressions, the study found a significant negative relationship between the percentage of students participating in the free and reduced-price lunch program and the percentage of teachers who possessed an advanced degree. The study also found a significant positive relationship between the percentages of Black students, English language learners, students with disabilities, students participating in the free and reduced-price lunch program and the percentage of out-offield teachers. Additionally, the study found a significant positive relationship between the percentages of Hispanic students, students with disabilities, students participating in the free and reduced-price lunch program, and the percentage of not highly qualified teachers at schools. The investigation also discovered predictive relationships between some of these school characteristics and the measures of teacher quality examined in the study. All of the findings provided evidence of structural inequality regarding the distribution of teacher quality and were analyzed by the study’s theoretical framework, which drew on critical race theory, critical multiculturalism, and other critical studies. These works underscore the inequitable distribution of teacher quality. Implications and suggestions for future research are offered for further examination of the equitable distribution of teacher quality and the role of policy to inform the equitable distribution of teacher quality across schools in order to address the most urgent problem facing U.S. education: the unequal distribution of quality teachers. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

by Ling Sau Shan, Samuel. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-80). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.vi / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / What is Advertising --- p.1 / What is Specialty Advertising --- p.4 / Purpose of this Study --- p.9 / Chapter II. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.12 / Research Design --- p.12 / Data Collection Format --- p.13 / Sampling --- p.16 / Data Collection Method --- p.18 / Data Anaylsis and Intepretation --- p.18 / Chapter III. --- DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION --- p.19 / Return Rate of Questionaires --- p.19 / Recipient Recall of the Advertiser --- p.21 / Building up of Reciprocity --- p.22 / Building up of Goodwill --- p.23 / Comparison with Other Media --- p.24 / Points to be noted in using Specialty Advertising --- p.26 / How to make the Specialty Items be Impressive --- p.28 / Demographic Characteristics of the Respondents --- p.30 / Summary of Findings --- p.31 / Chapter IV. --- DISCUSSION --- p.33 / Perception --- p.33 / Cognition --- p.35 / Persuasion --- p.36 / Comparison with Other Media --- p.37 / Chapter V. --- LIMITATION OF THE STUDY --- p.40 / Chapter VI. --- RECOMMENDATION --- p.44 / LIST OF APPECNDICES / Chapter Appendix 1 - --- Questionaire --- p.47 / Chapter 2 - --- Covering Letter signed by Advisor --- p.54 / Chapter 3 - --- Covering Letter signed by Researcher --- p.55 / Recipient Recall of Advertiser / Chapter 4 - --- Table 3.1 --- p.56 / Chapter 5 - --- Figures 3.1.1 and 3.1.2 --- p.57 / Building up of Reciprocity / Chapter 6 - --- Table 3.2 --- p.58 / Chapter 7 - --- Figure 3.2 --- p.59 / Building up of Goodwill / Chapter 8 - --- Table 3.3 --- p.60 / Chapter 9 - --- Figures 3.3.1 and 3.3.2 --- p.61 / Chapter 10 - --- Table 3.4 --- p.62 / Comparison with Other Media / Chapter 11 - --- Table 3.5 --- p.63 / Chapter 12 - --- Table 3.6 --- p.64 / Chapter 13 - --- Comparision with T.V. Figures 3.5.1 and 3.6.1 --- p.65 / Chapter 14 - --- Comparison with Radio Figures 3.5.2 and 3.6.2 --- p.66 / Chapter 15 - --- Comparison with Magazine Figures 3.5.3 and 3.6.3 --- p.67 / Chapter 16 - --- Comparison with Newspaper Figures 3.5.4 and 3.6.4 --- p.68 / Chapter 17 - --- Comparison with Direct Mail Figures 3.5.5 and 3.6.5 --- p.69 / Chapter 18 - --- Comparison with Fax Advertisment Figures 3.5.6 and 3.6.6 --- p.70 / Chapter 19 - --- Comparison with Yellow Pages Figures 3.5.7 and 3.6.7 --- p.71 / Chapter 20 - --- Table 3.7 --- p.72 / Chapter 21 - --- Figures 3.7.1 and 3.7.2 --- p.73 / Chapter 22 - --- Figures 3.7.3 --- p.74 / Chapter 23 - --- Points to be pointed in using Specialty Advertising --- p.75 / Chapter 24 - --- Demographic characteristics of respondents --- p.76 / Chapter 25 - --- Comparison with Direct Mail and Fax Advertisement Figures 4.1 --- p.78 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.79

The importance of enhancing internal communication and its content during organisational change appears to be neglected by many organisations. Although change management literature agrees generally about the role that communication plays in facilitating change, there is still a dearth of empirical studies that focus on improving internal communication during organisational change phases. The evolution of communication technology has provided some new tools that can enhance internal communication within an organisation. This study explores the role of using of one of these new communication technologies in communicating organisational change through the development of a novel conceptual model. The developed model covers the communication needs in each phase of a planned change, and combines the benefits of communicating organisational change with the benefits of using Enterprise Social Networks (ESN), as found in the literature. The aim is to investigate empirically how ESN as a new internal communication technology can be employed to communicate organisational change effectively in order to facilitate that change. To do so, the researcher in this study has applied a qualitative approach through a case study strategy in order to validate the conceptual model being proposed. The researcher conducted 32 interviews and analysed all of them qualitatively using Nvivo software. The findings of the conducted study revealed that using ESN had many positive impacts on employees, such as increasing their awareness, engagement and participation, which helped to facilitate the overall change projects. Moreover, the study proved the suitability of the validated novel model to contribute in facilitating organisational change through ESN, which can guide leaders, managers, change agents and academics on how ESN can be used to communicate planned change effectively in order to facilitate it.

Subglacial processes that control the water pressure and flow determine the large-scale behavior of the overlying ice by regulating basal resistance. We implement a model in which a steady-state subglacial conduit system is surrounded by fully saturated porous media. We investigate branching in this system at fixed angles of 15 degrees, 30 degrees and 45 degrees to the direction of ice flow and further assess these systems by calculating the hydraulic potential gradient to determine conduit flow path. We solve our governing equations for porous media flow and allow ice infiltration of the pore space to occur at a critical effective stress N infiltration. For low values of N infiltration, ice infiltration of sediment allows these conduits to follow their original paths. Where insufficient ice infiltration occurs, the conduit path instead lies parallel to the direction of ice flow. Our results speak to the importance of incorporating small-scale processes into models of subglacial hydrologic networks.

Este estudo é dedicado ao entendimento do decaimento D+ K++. Desenvolvemos dois modelos que abordam aspectos complementares dos principais processos dinâmicos que atuam em tal decaimento: o v´ertice fraco, onde ocorre a transição c Ws, e as interações entre os três mesons no estado final. Este trabalho foi motivado por um resultado experimental importante sobre o decaimento D+ K++, no qual a fase em onda S de um par K do estado final não coincide com a fase do espalhamento K livre, chamado puzzle das fases. No primeiro modelo, as interações de estado final foram descritas por sucessivos reespalhamentos dos pares K, enquanto o vértice fraco foi aproximado por uma função sem estrutura. O espalhamento K é um ingrediente fundamental e é calculado usando uma lagrangiana efetiva quiral com ressonâncias. As amplitudes do decaimento são calculadas perturbativamente, ate a segunda ordem do reespalhamento K, para as três topologias acessíveis ao sistema. Os resultados do primeiro modelo mostram a importância das interações de estado finais, sendo o efeito da interação própria de três corpos essencial para a boa descrição dos dados experimentais obtida a partir de uma das topologias. No segundo modelo, o vértice fraco do decaimento é calculado a partir de uma teoria efetiva que acopla o setor leve de SU(3) ao setor do charme e descreve todas as interações, fortes e fracas, entre os dois setores. Esse modelo inclui a dependência correta de momento nos vértices e contém essencialmente três melhorias: (i) incorpora corretamente a estrutura de onda P no vértice fraco ao usar correntes do tipo V A; (ii) inclue o vértice V DK parametrizado em termos de fatores de forma monopolares; e (iii) inclue no vértice V a transição W intermediada pela ressonância , o que d´a origem a um fator de forma forte. Os resultados do segundo modelo mostram que o efeito dos fatores de forma no vértice D K são pequenos e mais importantes em altas energias. A inclusão do meson como uma ressonância é muito significativa e desloca a fase para 90o no limiar, o que explica o comportamento qualitativo dos dados experimentais na mesma região. / This study describer the D+ K++ decay. We developed two models for complementary issues of the main dynamic process in this system: the weak vertex, where the transition c Ws takes place, and the interactions between the three mesons in the final state. This work was motivated by important experimental results for D+ K++ decay in which the S wave phase for a K pair in the final state does not agree with the phase from K free scattering amplitude, which is here named phase puzzle. In the first model, the interaction in the final states are treated as successive rescattering between K pairs, and the weak vertex is approximated as structureless functions. The K amplitude is a fundamental ingredient and is calculated using an effective quiral lagrangian with resonances. The decay amplitudes were solved perturbatively up to second order in K rescattering for all the three topologies that can contribute. The results for the first model show the importance of final state interactions where the proper three body effect are essential for the good description of experimental data, obtained from one of the topologies. In the second model, the weak vertex is calculated using an effective theory that couples the light SU(3) sector to the charm sector and describes all interactions, strong and weak, between the two sectors. This model includes the correct momentum dependences at verticies and contain mainly three improvements: (i) correctly incorporates the P- wave momentum structure in the vertex through the use of V A currents; (ii) includes V DK vertex parametrized by monopoles form factors; and (iii) includes in the V vertex the W transition intermediated by a r resonance, which gives rise to a strong form factor. The results for the second model show that the form factors effects on D K vertex are small and more important at higher energy. The inclusion of the meson as a resonance is very significant and dislocates the phase shift from zero to 90o at threshold, which explains the qualitative experimental data behaviour in the same region.