Marguerite Duras (1914-1996) et Eileen Chang (1920-1995), deux écrivaines du 20e siècle, ont des sources spécifiques d’inspiration : Duras, née en Indochine ; Chang, née à Shanghai. Enfance et expérience familiale constituent l’arrière-plan de la plupart de leurs œuvres. Les mondes que décrivent ces œuvres sont, en conséquence, définies par la douleur et par la souffrance – soit personnelle, soit collective. Le thème familial l’emporte dans les romans de chacun des écrivains. Il permet d’offrir une lecture psychanalytique de bien des romans des deux écrivains, et de les commenter selon le roman familial qui caractérise Duras et Chang. Mais l’enfant et les secrets de la famille, l’importance de l’image de la mère, ne sont pas le seul arrière-plan de l’œuvre de Duras et de Chang. Les deux écrivaines sont conscientes des conditions sociales et politiques qui prévalent et de la situation des femmes. En conséquence, une lecture psychanalytique des deux écrivaines ne doit pas ignorer ces conditions et la lucidité de chacune des écrivaines. Il doit rendre compte du lien entre l’histoire familiale et l’aptitude des deux écrivaines à traiter de questions plus larges. / Marguerite Duras (1914-1996) and Eileen Chang (1920-1995), two women writers of the 20th century show specific sources for their inspiration : Duras – was from Indochina, and Chang – was from Shanghai; childhood and family experiences offer the background of most of their works. The worlds they describe are consequently defined by pain and suffering – either individual or collective. The family theme prevails in the works of both writers. It allows to offer a psychoanalytic reading of many of their novels of each writer, and to comment them by reference to the family romance which characterizes Duras and Chang. But childhood, family secrets, importance of the mother image, etc., are not the only background of Duras and Chang’s works. Both writers were fully aware of the political and social conditions which prevailed, and of the women’s situation. Consequently, the psychoanalytic reading of both writers should not neglect these conditions and the lucidity of both writers. This reading should account for the connection between the family history of both writers and their ability to address broader issues.

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¡§Jasmine Flavored Tea¡¨ is one of the earliest published works of Eileen Chang. However, the autobiographic fiction which focuses its topic on ¡§looking for Father¡¨ has not been valued by the academic circle for a long time. In fact, ¡§Jasmine Flavored Tea¡¨ is the center text(centext) among Eileen Chang¡¦s works. She semioticizes this work according to its plot and then makes these elements metaphors of her later works. This is the key to discussions about the hypertextuality between the texts of Eileen Chang and the phenomenonal world. By using a new approach of criticism called ¡§the School of Super Searching,¡¨ this discourse attempts to blend the research achievements of modern anthropology, psychology and folkloristics into traditional searching, to do gender studies by searching ¡§psychological facts,¡¨ and to focus on the intertextuality between the plot of the fiction and the folk data. By means of the motive tied with folktales and folk customs, and of the related significant notions like misogyny, twins complex, endogamy desire, liminality and initiation rite, divine king and scapegoat, and individuation process, with a close reading on the text of ¡§Jasmine Flavored Tea,¡¨ this discourse explores how the pieces of symbolism and meaning in the text associate with the life experiences of Eileen Chang.The issues dealt by this discourse are as follows: 1. Lead a large amount of anthropological concepts into literary criticism, and make intertextual comparison between ethnography and literary works. 2. Clarify the countervailing process between masculinity and femininity in ¡§Jasmine Flavored Tea¡¨ by means of the connotative plot structures of the fairy tales, ¡§Iron John¡¨ and ¡§Little Red Riding-Hood,¡¨ in the text. Men gradually construct masculinity by adopting male violence in order to get rid of maternal swallowing and paternal castration. 3. The practical operatoins of Jung¡¦s theory in literary criticism: (1) Twins complex is an important complex to present the relationship between ego and Anima/Animus. (2) Synchronicity and the possibility of predictive text(predictext). (3) Clarification on the relationship between ¡§sukuu¡¨ and the self. (4) Application of the participation mystique on the narrative point of view. 4. Apollo¡¦s Neuroses- Reinterpretation of the implication for the incest by Oedipus in the texts of Eileen Chang. 5. There exists an association between fowls as the symbol of twins complex and Eileen Chang¡¦s family. 6. The riddle about Eileen Chang in her late years is an individuation process from putting on the wolf¡¦s skin to taking it off. 7. The comparison between the autobiographic works, ¡§Jasmine Flavored Tea¡¨ and Little Reunion.