Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1967. / Typescript. Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: José Roberto Sanches Mantovani / Banca: Fabio Bertequini Leão / Banca: Luis Gustavo Wesz da Silva / Resumo: Neste trabalho propõe-se um algoritmo baseado na meta-heurística busca dispersa para o problema de reconfiguração de redes de distribuição de energia elétrica radiais, considerando como sistema de codificação uma estrutura denominada representação nó profundidade (RNP). O problema é modelado como não linear inteiro misto e considera como objetivo principal minimizar as perdas de potência ativa nos alimentadores do sistema de distribuição. Utiliza-se neste trabalho o modelo de cargas com potência constante, como também o modelo exponencial de cargas. O algoritmo proposto é implementado em linguagem de programação C++ e testado em quatro sistemas conhecidos na literatura, 14, 84, 136 e 202 barras. A partir dos resultados obtidos, verifica-se o bom desempenho do algoritmo, pois é capaz de gerar soluções de boa qualidade atendendo a todas as restrições físicas e operacionais do problema. / Abstract: This work proposes a scatter search algorithm to solve the electric power distribution system reconfiguration problem, considering the encoding system node depth representation. The problem is a mixed-integer nonlinear programming and the objective is to minimize the real power losses in the distribution system. It is used in the work load model with constant power, but also exponential model load. The proposed algorithm is implemented in C + +. The validity of the methodology is verified through four commonly case studies such as 14, 84, 136 and 202 bus system. Results show the effectiveness and good performance of the proposed algorithm, where it obtains the good quality solution satisfying the operational and physics constraints of problem. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-08-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:28:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rupolo_d_me_ilha.pdf: 1818136 bytes, checksum: 666bb79c31569f91ad006d6801bf47c0 (MD5) / Neste trabalho propõe-se um algoritmo baseado na meta-heurística busca dispersa para o problema de reconfiguração de redes de distribuição de energia elétrica radiais, considerando como sistema de codificação uma estrutura denominada representação nó profundidade (RNP). O problema é modelado como não linear inteiro misto e considera como objetivo principal minimizar as perdas de potência ativa nos alimentadores do sistema de distribuição. Utiliza-se neste trabalho o modelo de cargas com potência constante, como também o modelo exponencial de cargas. O algoritmo proposto é implementado em linguagem de programação C++ e testado em quatro sistemas conhecidos na literatura, 14, 84, 136 e 202 barras. A partir dos resultados obtidos, verifica-se o bom desempenho do algoritmo, pois é capaz de gerar soluções de boa qualidade atendendo a todas as restrições físicas e operacionais do problema. / This work proposes a scatter search algorithm to solve the electric power distribution system reconfiguration problem, considering the encoding system node depth representation. The problem is a mixed-integer nonlinear programming and the objective is to minimize the real power losses in the distribution system. It is used in the work load model with constant power, but also exponential model load. The proposed algorithm is implemented in C + +. The validity of the methodology is verified through four commonly case studies such as 14, 84, 136 and 202 bus system. Results show the effectiveness and good performance of the proposed algorithm, where it obtains the good quality solution satisfying the operational and physics constraints of problem.

How to evaluate the performance of an electric power distribution system unambiguously and quantitatively is not easy. How to accurately measure the efficiency of it for a whole year, using real time hour-by-hour Locational Marginal Price data, is difficult. How to utilize distributed computing technology to accomplish these tasks with a timely fashion is challenging. This thesis addresses the issues mentioned above, by investigating feeder performance analysis of electric power distribution systems with distributed algorithm. Feeder performance analysis computes a modeled circuit's performance over an entire year, listing key circuit performance parameters such as efficiency, loading, losses, cost impact, power factor, three phase imbalance, capacity usage and others, providing detailed operating information for the system, and an overview of the performance of every circuit in the system. A diakoptics tearing method and Graph Trace Analysis based distributed computing technology is utilized to speed up the calculation. A general distributed computing architecture is established and a distributed computing algorithm is described. To the best of the author's knowledge, it is the first time that this detailed performance analysis is researched, developed and tested, using a diakoptics based tearing method and Graph Trace Analysis to split the system so that it can be analyzed with distributed computing technology. / Master of Science

Submitted by LUCAS TELES DE FARIA null (lucas.teles.faria@gmail.com) on 2016-04-06T05:42:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_DOUTORADO_ENG.ELETRICA_LUCAS-TELES-DE-FARIA.pdf: 4869615 bytes, checksum: 5cea8811bb7d053c5440e3d6fb5d55cd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-07T19:51:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 faria_lt_dr_ilha.pdf: 4869615 bytes, checksum: 5cea8811bb7d053c5440e3d6fb5d55cd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-07T19:51:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 faria_lt_dr_ilha.pdf: 4869615 bytes, checksum: 5cea8811bb7d053c5440e3d6fb5d55cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Neste trabalho o espaço geográfico é incorporado ao estudo das perdas não técnicas. Os trabalhos avaliados em perdas comumente não consideram a localização espacial das mesmas de forma explícita. No entanto, o estudo das características do lugar onde elas ocorrem pode trazer informações imprescindíveis para melhor compreensão do problema. O espaço é incorporado via técnicas de análise espacial de dados geográficos. A saber: análise espacial de padrões de pontos e análise espacial de dados agregados por áreas. A localização das perdas é obtida através de dados de inspeções reais georreferenciados obtidos a partir de uma concessionária de energia elétrica. Os atributos socioeconômicos do censo demográfico e da rede de distribuição de energia do lugar onde ocorrem as perdas são considerados via técnicas de regressões espaciais. São elas: modelo aditivo generalizado (GAM) e regressão geograficamente ponderada (GWR). Esses atributos são as variáveis independentes das regressões espaciais e auxiliam na explicação da disposição das perdas no espaço geográfico do município em estudo. Essas regressões são combinadas com as cadeias de Markov para produção de mapas de probabilidades de perdas. Esses mapas indicam as subáreas do município que são mais vulneráveis às perdas em termos probabilísticos. Por meio deles, estima-se a evolução das perdas não técnicas no espaço geográfico do município ao longo do tempo. Os mapas de probabilidade de perdas são uma ferramenta gráfica, de fácil interpretação e que auxiliam no planejamento de uma série de ações de prevenção e combate às perdas. Este estudo foi realizado em um município de porte médio do interior paulista com aproximadamente 81 mil unidades consumidoras, sendo que os resultados das simulações foram comparados com dados reais de inspeções em campo. A taxa de acerto para estimação das áreas vulneráveis às perdas via modelo aditivo generalizado (GAM) e cadeias e Markov foi superior a 80%. / In this work the geographic space is incorporated into the study of non-technical losses. Studies on non-technical losses do not often consider the spatial location of them explicitly. However, the study of the characteristics of the place where they occur can provide essential information to better understanding of the problem. The space is incorporated via spatial analysis techniques of geographical data; to know: spatial analysis of point patterns and spatial analysis of data aggregated by areas. The location of the losses is determined via georeferenced inspections data obtained from an electrical power utility. Socioeconomic attributes of the census and the distribution network of energy of the place where the losses occur are considered using the spatial regressions techniques; namely: generalized additive model (GAM) and geographically weighted regression (GWR). These attributes are the independent variables of spatial regressions and assist in the provision of the explanation of the losses in the geographical space of the city under study. These regressions are combined with Markov chains to produce the loss probability maps. These maps show the city subareas that are more vulnerable to losses in probabilistic terms. Through them, the evolution of non-technical losses in the geographical area of the city over the time is estimated. The loss probability maps are a graphical tool, easy to interpret and to assist in planning a series of actions to prevent and combat to losses. This study was conducted in a medium-sized city of São Paulo with about 81,000 consumer units, and the simulation results were compared with real data obtained in field inspections. The hit rate for the estimation of areas vulnerable to losses via generalized additive model (GAM) and Markov chains surpasses 80%.

abstract: The smart grid initiative is the impetus behind changes that are expected to culminate into an enhanced distribution system with the communication and control infrastructure to support advanced distribution system applications and resources such as distributed generation, energy storage systems, and price responsive loads. This research proposes a distribution-class analog of the transmission LMP (DLMP) as an enabler of the advanced applications of the enhanced distribution system. The DLMP is envisioned as a control signal that can incentivize distribution system resources to behave optimally in a manner that benefits economic efficiency and system reliability and that can optimally couple the transmission and the distribution systems. The DLMP is calculated from a two-stage optimization problem; a transmission system OPF and a distribution system OPF. An iterative framework that ensures accurate representation of the distribution system's price sensitive resources for the transmission system problem and vice versa is developed and its convergence problem is discussed. As part of the DLMP calculation framework, a DCOPF formulation that endogenously captures the effect of real power losses is discussed. The formulation uses piecewise linear functions to approximate losses. This thesis explores, with theoretical proofs, the breakdown of the loss approximation technique when non-positive DLMPs/LMPs occur and discusses a mixed integer linear programming formulation that corrects the breakdown. The DLMP is numerically illustrated in traditional and enhanced distribution systems and its superiority to contemporary pricing mechanisms is demonstrated using price responsive loads. Results show that the impact of the inaccuracy of contemporary pricing schemes becomes significant as flexible resources increase. At high elasticity, aggregate load consumption deviated from the optimal consumption by up to about 45 percent when using a flat or time-of-use rate. Individual load consumption deviated by up to 25 percent when using a real-time price. The superiority of the DLMP is more pronounced when important distribution network conditions are not reflected by contemporary prices. The individual load consumption incentivized by the real-time price deviated by up to 90 percent from the optimal consumption in a congested distribution network. While the DLMP internalizes congestion management, the consumption incentivized by the real-time price caused overloads. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Electrical Engineering 2013