Four experiments were conducted to determine a management strategy for providing effective electrolyte concentrations in the drinking water of newly weaned piglets to encourage early fluid and feed intake [weaning age=19±1 d, n=360]. In Exp. 1, electrolytes (Vetoquinol, QC, Canada) were provided at the label dose of 60 ml/L of water for 0, 6, 12, 18 or 24 h on d1-d3. In Exp. 2, electrolytes were given ad lib at 100, 75, 50, 25 or 12.5 % of the label dose on d1-d3 (72 h). In Exp. 3, electrolytes, at the label dose, or water (control) were given ad lib on d1, d1 and d2, d1-d3, or d1 and d3. In Exp. 4, based on the results of the previous experiments, the most effective combinations of "hours/concentration/days"(12 h of 25 % or 50 % on d1 or alternate days) were tested. All piglets had water ad lib from d4-d14. In Exp. 1, higher feed disappearance was observed in the 0, 6 and 12 h/d than 18 h/d and 24 h/d electrolyte groups (P<0.05). In Exp. 2, by d14 piglets in the 12.5, 50, 75, and 100 % groups experienced lower weight gain and daily FI than those in the 25 % group (P<0.05). In Exp. 3, piglets that received electrolytes on d1 only had comparable FI to those in the water group (respectively; 64.55 g/pig/day vs. 75.59 g/pig/day; SEM=8.61). Overall, evidence indicated that weanlings tended to benefit from electrolyte administration at 25 % of the label dose and durational period of ≤ 12 h/d. However, in Exp. 4 testing neither 25 % or 50 % concentration for 12 h/d result in improved daily FI despite the increased FLI in groups given electrolytes on alternate days. The results suggest that high electrolyte intake occurred at the expense of feed intake.

No description available.

Four experiments were conducted to determine a management strategy for providing effective electrolyte concentrations in the drinking water of newly weaned piglets to encourage early fluid and feed intake [weaning age=19±1 d, n=360]. In Exp. 1, electrolytes (Vetoquinol, QC, Canada) were provided at the label dose of 60 ml/L of water for 0, 6, 12, 18 or 24 h on d1-d3. In Exp. 2, electrolytes were given ad lib at 100, 75, 50, 25 or 12.5 % of the label dose on d1-d3 (72 h). In Exp. 3, electrolytes, at the label dose, or water (control) were given ad lib on d1, d1 and d2, d1-d3, or d1 and d3. In Exp. 4, based on the results of the previous experiments, the most effective combinations of "hours/concentration/days"(12 h of 25 % or 50 % on d1 or alternate days) were tested. All piglets had water ad lib from d4-d14. In Exp. 1, higher feed disappearance was observed in the 0, 6 and 12 h/d than 18 h/d and 24 h/d electrolyte groups (P<0.05). In Exp. 2, by d14 piglets in the 12.5, 50, 75, and 100 % groups experienced lower weight gain and daily FI than those in the 25 % group (P<0.05). In Exp. 3, piglets that received electrolytes on d1 only had comparable FI to those in the water group (respectively; 64.55 g/pig/day vs. 75.59 g/pig/day; SEM=8.61). Overall, evidence indicated that weanlings tended to benefit from electrolyte administration at 25 % of the label dose and durational period of ≤ 12 h/d. However, in Exp. 4 testing neither 25 % or 50 % concentration for 12 h/d result in improved daily FI despite the increased FLI in groups given electrolytes on alternate days. The results suggest that high electrolyte intake occurred at the expense of feed intake.

Theories of the metal-electrolyte interface are reviewed with particular attention to the prediction of thermodynamic quantities. A comparison of the different theories is made using a range of experimental results on Hg-aqueous electrolyte systems. Certain widespread failings of the models are revealed. These are identi- fied as being the results of a neglect of solvent structure and of chemical interactions. Next a solvent-free metal-molten salt system is investigated using a model based on the MSA. Thermodynamic properties, parti- cularly the capacitance and the potential at the point of zero charge and their variation with temperature, are calculated. The magnitudes for a range of ionic species are in agreement with experiments for Pb-alkali halide systems, but the (relatively weak) temperature dependence is not predicted correctly. The success of this application of the MSA compared to applications to aqueous systems shows the great importance of the solvent in determining the properties of these systems. To attempt to improve on the MSA model a new model based on the EXP approximation is developed. The predicted trend of the temperature dependence of capacitance is now given correctly but in other respects the predictions are worse than those of the MSA. In our first MSA model the metal is treated as a hard wall. A more realistic representation is now introduced which incorporates electron spill-out. By a phenomenological analysis the extent of spill-out into the electrolyte is estimated. No direct measurement of this quantity has been made. It is consistent with theoretical estimates made for aqueous systems when allowance ,is made for the effect of the solvent.

Errata pasted on front end cover. / Bibliography: leaves 194-210. / xi, 210 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / The aim of this study is to investigate the conductivity of pHEMA gel electrolytes and improve the understanding of the absorbed water in such hydrogels. The effect of the variation of the water content on conductivity is investigated in two ways ; the introduction of OED cross linkers yields hydrogels of reduced EWC through alteration of the nature of the polymer network and progressive dehydration enables a study of the conductivity with decreasing water content for individual copolymers. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, 1996

Dissertation (Ph. D.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Polymer Engineering, 2007. / "December, 2007." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 01/30/2008) Advisor, Kyonsuku Min; Committee members, Mark Soucek, Kevin A. Cavicchi, Gary R. Hamed, Michael H. Cheung; Department Chair, Sadhan C. Jana; Dean of the College, Stephen Z. D. Cheng; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Johns Hopkins University. / Biography. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1931. / Vita. Caption title: The effect of certain electrolytes on the stability of Bredig gold sols. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Bibliography: p. 27.

Thesis--Johns Hopkins University. / Vita.

Thesis--Johns Hopkins University. / Vita.