This ethnography examines many different components of my coming to the teaching profession as well as my first year within the field. Through research and an in depth analysis of my students and their environment, my teacher effectiveness and abilities have also been defined. This ethnography is composed of four cohesive parts, each detailing a different part of my teaching practice. Part A explains the reason why I chose to become an educator, Part B follows the journey of three focus students within my first classroom and the action plan I created for them to find success, Part C details the different communities in which I work and my students live, and Part D is a final comprehensive analysis of my teacher effectiveness within my first year of teaching. The purpose of this ethnography is to clarify my teacher’s ambition as well as provide research and data on my students as a whole as well as three focus students. In addition, by examining these students and their growth throughout the year, another purpose of this ethnography is to provide an analysis of my effectiveness as a first year teacher as well as create a goal and plan for my future in the education field.

American state boards of education are calling for public schools to follow state educational “standards,” and for students to be tested against these standards periodically. We hear a cry from our political leaders to rewrite school mission statements to include discrete academic skills rather than goals supporting our students in becoming lifelong learners with skills in cooperation and problem solving. It is an important time to provide compelling descriptions of alternative educational models. This study provides one such description. Price Farm School was housed in an eighteenth century farmhouse in rural New Hampshire. With a commitment to “starting from scratch,” emphasizing the homemade, handmade or homegrown, the school's teachers provided an experiential education for up to twenty first through sixth grade students each year. To guide my research I attended to the following set of questions: What was Price Farm School's ethos, culture, climate? What were its guiding beliefs (philosophical foundations)? How did it emerge or evolve? What was its educative value? To address these questions, I analyzed data from a variety of sources including interviews with former students, teachers, interns and parents, student progress reports, students' journals, students' schoolwork, newsletters written by teachers to the school community, teachers' memos, and photographs taken of the children at school. I studied the data systematically to discover emergent themes and analyzed the pedagogical priorities and values implied by the themes. A review of the literature outlining the history of progressive education, constructivist learning theory, and brain-based educational learning principles served as the backdrop for my discussion of the philosophical underpinnings of this model. The themes most strongly represented in the data included a commitment to curriculum which was dependent upon the resources offered naturally by the seasons, and curriculum initiated in response to the interests, needs and development of the students. Information about teachers acting as coaches or facilitators in informal student-teacher relationships which were based on a balance between intimacy and trust, permeated the data. In an atmosphere of relaxed alertness, students at Price Farm School acquired the skills to become both academic and civic leaders in their subsequent schools.

This qualitative action research examines the effects, if any at all, the implementation of an interdisciplinary literacy unit in a fourth-grade classroom had on students' perceived writing self-efficacy. This study aims to inform the teacher-researcher to make actionable changes to current teaching. Additionally, this study continues the research and discussion surrounding how educators and stakeholders approach instruction. This research required participants to complete a pre-writing self-efficacy survey, participate in an interdisciplinary literacy unit and then complete a post writing self-efficacy survey. The interdisciplinary literacy unit took place during the distance learning environment that was a result of the global pandemic, COVID-19. During the interdisciplinary unit, participants used the disciplines of language arts, science, and math to learn about the concept of interdependence as it relates to the Eastern Oysters in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida. This research sought out to explore the Research Question (RQ): Does implementation of an interdisciplinary literacy approach affect students' writing self-efficacy? Findings of this study suggest that the implementation of an interdisciplinary literacy unit in a fourth-grade classroom maintains or increases self-efficacy for most of the research participants. Implications of this study affords educators training in interdisciplinary literacy practices, adequate planning time so that educators can collaborate with colleagues to plan for interdisciplinary literacy lessons and administering writing self-efficacy surveys multiple times a school year to gauge students' perceived writing self-efficacy. Beyond the classroom, this study offers opportunities of collaboration with families to inform them of their child's progress and self-efficacy levels to better support their child's continued learning.

In this exploratory case study of two Florida charter schools, early literacy teachers' (prekindergarten through third grade; N=9) instructional literacy orientations were explored. The Literacy Orientation Survey (Lenski et al., 1998) was viewed through the lens of early literacy teachers' curricular preferences and practical use of curriculum. Descriptive results were analyzed, indicating that most teachers identified as preferring an eclectic rather than traditional or constructivist approach to instruction. However, one-third of teachers' literacy orientation beliefs and practices were not aligned, meaning what they believed about literacy and what they practiced as teachers (when choice was an option) were incongruent. Additionally, most teachers surveyed responded with higher than expected levels of agreement to each statement regarding preferences for three types of curricula (e.g. knowledge-based, skills-based, and combination), obscuring the true nature of their preferences. Further research with a larger sample size is suggested in order to obtain the correlation between teachers' literacy orientations and their curricular preferences.

Theoretical perspectives on creativity encompass ideas such as risk, inquiry, resistance to conformity, and attraction to complexity. In response to these philosophical tenets I have organized my dissertation into three distinct but related manuscripts that explore creativity through theoria (knowing), praxis (doing), and poiesis (making). These manuscripts present an integrated approach to creative pedagogy. 1. The first manuscript is a review of literature with the aim to: provide a brief overview of creativity theories; consider an imbricated definition of creativity; and evaluate current empirical research. Research in creativity should provide a spectrum of methods that reflect the complex nature of the phenomenon. 2. Illustrated through the combination of text and authentic photographs, the second manuscript explores how preservice elementary teachers conceptualize their professional identity. This manuscript includes preservice teachers' photographic submissions related to professional identity. Implications include considering how these perceptions affect teacher recruitment, retention, and professional regard within our society and school systems. 3. Understanding the interaction between ritual and creativity can elucidate essential qualities of creativity. The third paper will consider the lived experiences of ritual in the creative process of ten Pro-c individuals. As a result of interview analysis, a definition of ritual that is unique to the creative process is revealed. Ritual in the creative process is delineated into three hierarchical categories: (1) Ritual construct, an element of the ritual; (2) Ritual quality, a distinguishing characteristic of the ritual; (3) Ritual purpose, the value the ritual provides in the creative process.

Concerns about K-12 students' mental health and social, emotional, and ethical development have prompted some schools to implement programs designed to promote student well-being and healthy social and emotional functioning. Most of these programs are distinguished as social and emotional learning (SEL) programs and/or character education programs. Although there is growing empirical support for the potential of school-based mindfulness interventions to positively influence students' well-being, the number of school-based mindfulness studies is limited, and the majority of the investigations have focused on students' cognitive rather than affective capacities. Loving-Kindness Meditation (LKM), a mindfulness- and compassion-based practice, is garnering recent attention as an effective intervention for positively affecting numerous factors related to well-being. For instance, research has demonstrated LKM's effectiveness in enhancing positive emotions, empathy, and social connectedness, and improving problem behaviors in adult populations. Although LKM is a component of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program, and a number of mindfulness-based school programs are MBSR- adapted, to date LKM has not been studied with children or youth populations. With this in mind, the purpose of this active comparison trial investigation was to examine the effects of a loving-kindness meditation intervention on positive emotions, empathy, social connection, and problem behaviors in second- and third- grade students. Findings suggest LKM may be more appropriately used in school settings as a sequential part of a comprehensive mindfulness program and introduced after a solid mindfulness practice has been established.

The purpose of this quasi-experimental, mixed methods study was to examine how a Senior Seminar pilot conducted during elementary preservice teachers' Internship II semester could potentially increase their teacher self-efficacy and perceptions of preparedness to teach. The study was conducted at a large public university located in the southeast United States and included 29 participants. The collection of data included the 24 item Teacher Sense of Self-Efficacy Survey (Tschannen-Moran & Woolfolk Hoy, 2001) used to measure pre- and post- teacher self-efficacy for classroom instruction, classroom management, and student engagement. To measure pre- and post- perceptions of preparedness, the 8 item Perceptions of Preparedness for the Teaching Profession survey was used. Additionally, qualitative data was collected by use of open response questions on the post survey and also on exit slips at the end of each session to gain insight into the participants' perceptions of the Senior Seminar pilot. The study findings indicate that the added support and instruction provided by the Senior Seminar may provide elementary preservice teachers with a means to increase perceptions of preparedness for the teaching profession and positively influence their Internship II experience. This study suggests practical ways in which teacher preparation programs can be enhanced to provide preservice teachers with an opportunity to be better prepared for the teaching profession.

The problem I address in this study is the lack of Black elementary students' knowledge and interest of the social studies content. Black students who lack a true identity of self, fail to develop into productive citizens. Although previous studies have examined Black students' experiences in secondary social studies classrooms, few have thoroughly examined Black students' experiences in the elementary classrooms. For this study, I analyze Black fifth grade students' perceptions of the social studies content. Identifying these perceptions is imperative so educators can adjust their pedagogical practices based on what they deem as important for educational growth, and the experiences of Black students. Allowing Black students to share their experiences and express their thoughts is conducive to their knowledge and awareness of the subject (Scott, 2017). To grasp an authentic analysis of student understanding educators must start in the primary grades. Previous research highlights that curriculum and instruction fails to align with what students, especially Black students need to be successful in the classroom. Identifying these areas in elementary school will create a smooth transition for students as they advance to the next level.

Education is an important aspect in one's life and the importance of well qualified teachers in this process is widely accepted. However, with regard to public urban classrooms, numerous questions linger as to the quality of instruction afforded to children. When it comes to urban school education, many schools find themselves understaffed or staffed with teachers ill prepared for the vigorous education environment in which they are placed. In an attempt to produce better prepared educators, the UCF College of Education/City of Orlando Reading Camp program was designed in part to introduce urban education to preservice teachers at the University of Central Florida. In this research, data was predominantly gathered through the use of surveys administered to preservice teachers. This study ultimately presents the impacts the Reading Camp program have made on the preservice teachers' professional development as well as the necessity for a heightened realistic view of the many challenges urban educators experience daily.

The present study, using a survey questionnaire developed by Luckett (1996), was completed by 211 kindergarten through sixth grade teachers in 33 school districts across Kentucky. The sample consisted of regular education, special education, and Title One teachers with one to thirty-one years of experience. Educational backgrounds of the predominantly female sample ranged from bachelor's to doctoral degrees. The survey included four distinct sections. Participants were questioned about (a) knowledge level with respect to the diagnostic criteria and diagnostic labels for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, (b) intervention preferences for addressing ADHD student's behaviors in the classroom, (c) interventions which they would use for ADHD student's behaviors under ideal classroom circumstances, and (d) opinions concerning the importance of a number of issues related to ADHD and the classroom teacher. Data analysis consisted of frequency and percentage distributions, chi-square tests, and measures of central tendency. The collected data were also compared to data gathered by a previous study of teachers in 16 central-western Kentucky school systems (Luckett, 1996). As in Luckett's (1996) study, respondents indicated limited knowledge of the specific diagnostic criteria and classification for ADHD. Commonly used interventions for nine of the ADHD characteristics included positive reinforcement and punishment, while commonly chosen interventions for an ideal setting included self-management. Teachers across job positions indicated that more training in assessment and intervention for ADHD students was important. The majority of the teachers responded that they had instructed an ADHD student in the past two years, and for the most part, typical resources for training included inservice training within the district and self-study using books and manuals. The majority of the respondents indicated that having a selection of interventions available was the most important. However, as indicated from the survey data, teachers are not making the connection between the diagnostic criteria and appropriate interventions for those criteria. Instead, teachers are identifying inappropriate interventions which the research literature does not support. For example, overwhelmingly, teachers would choose to use the intervention of self-management in an ideal educational setting. If educators can make the appropriate, research-based connection from the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria to proven classroom interventions, the ADHD child will be better served in the educational setting. Improved teacher training in undergraduate coursework in the area of understanding and teaching the ADHD student may help make the connection between assessment and intervention.