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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Compostos ativos de folhas de Eugenia uniflora e seus efeitos contra mofo branco causado por Sclerotinia sclerotiorum em plantas de feijoeiro

Marques, Jacqueline Santos 29 September 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-05-19T11:06:39Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jacqueline Santos Marques - 2014.pdf: 4633133 bytes, checksum: 8058e7f850a7ea713f7c77b0ad35cc32 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-05-19T11:08:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jacqueline Santos Marques - 2014.pdf: 4633133 bytes, checksum: 8058e7f850a7ea713f7c77b0ad35cc32 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-19T11:08:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Jacqueline Santos Marques - 2014.pdf: 4633133 bytes, checksum: 8058e7f850a7ea713f7c77b0ad35cc32 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-29 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The extracts and essential oils from plants are bioactive molecules of interest to resistance induction in plants and the control of plant pathogens. The aim this study was to evaluate the effect of the ethanol extract and essential oil from leaves of Eugenia uniflora and two commercial flavonoid fractions, quercetin and rutin, as bioactive compounds for the control of white mold, caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The compounds were tested against pathogen through the mycelial growth, cell viability, sclerotia formation, cell morphology and biochemical aspects. And on the pathossystem Phaseolus vulgaris-Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was evaluated biochemical and molecular aspects (RT-qPCR) involved in the mechanism of plant defense, into a kinetic treatment and infection (12, 24 e 48 hours). The data show that the tested compounds were significantly relevant (P<0.01) to growth inhibition pathogen’s mycelium and cell viability in vitro and in the formation of sclerotia of the pathogen a positive correlation between percent inhibition and the concentration of active compounds applied was observed. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for S. sclerotiorum was 0.6% (v/v) ethanol extract of leaves from E. uniflora and the 100 ppm of the essential oil. In Bioassays in plants, the treatment with ethanol extract or essential oil from Eugenia uniflora and rutin inhibited the formation of necrotic area in common bean leaves 48 hours after inoculation. Biochemical analysis showed that the compounds induced 12 hours after treatment the activation of key proteins related to plant defense, chitinases, β-1,3- glucanase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidases and polyphenoloxidases. Molecular analysis showed that treatment with ethanolic extract, quercetin and rutin in healthy plants activated pathogenesis-related genes (PRs) at different times into the kinetic treatment, and that these genes are highly expressed in plants infected compared to the pretreated and infected plants. The results of this research suggest that the effects of the ethanol extract, flavonoids and oil from Eugenia uniflora are potential bioactive molecules to reduce the severity of disease white mold in bean leaves. / Os extratos e óleos essenciais de plantas são moléculas bioativas de grande interesse para a indução de resistência em plantas e no controle de fitopatógenos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do extrato etanólico e óleo essencial de folhas de E. uniflora e duas frações flavonoides comerciais, quercetina e rutina como compostos bioativos para o controle de mofo branco, causado pelo fungo Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, em feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Os compostos foram testados sobre patógeno através do crescimento micelial, viabilidade celular, esclerogênese, morfologia celular e aspectos bioquímicos. E sobre o patossistema Phaseolus vulgaris-Sclerotinia sclerotiorum foi avaliado aspectos bioquímicos e moleculares (RT-qPCR) envolvidos no mecanismo de defesa da planta, dentro de uma cinética de tratamento e infecção (12, 24 e 48 horas). Os dados mostram que os compostos testados foram significantemente (P<0.01) relevantes na inibição do desenvolvimento e viabilidade celular in vitro do micélio e na formação de escleródios do patógeno, sendo observada uma correlação positiva entre percentual de inibição e as concentrações dos compostos avaliadas. A concentração inibitória mínima (MIC) para o S. sclerotiorum foi de 0.6% (v/v) do extrato etanólico de folhas de E. uniflora e de 100 ppm do óleo essencial. Nos bioensaios em plantas, o tratamento com extrato etanólico ou óleo essencial de folhas de Eugenia uniflora e rutina inibiram a formação de necrose em folhas de feijoeiro comum com 48 horas ápos inoculação. A análise bioquímica mostrou que os compostos induzem com 12 horas após tratamento a ativação das principais proteínas relacionadas à defesa da planta, quitinases, β-1,3- glucanase, fenilalanina amônia-liase, peroxidases, e polifenoloxidases. A análise molecular mostrou que o tratamento com extrato etanólico, quercetina e rutina em plantas sadias ativaram genes relacionados à patogênese (PRs) em diferentes tempos dentro da cinética de tratamento, e que tais genes são altamente expressos em plantas infectadas em comparação as plantas pré tratadas e infectadas. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho indicam que o extrato etanólico, flavonoides e o óleo essencial de folhas de Eugenia uniflora são moléculas bioativas potenciais para reduzir a severidade da doença mofo branco em plantas de feijoeiro comum.

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