O software vem se tornando cada vez mais o principal fator de custo no desenvolvimento de dispositivos embarcados. Atualmente, com o aumento aumentando da complexidade dos sistemas embarcados, se faz necessário o uso de técnicas e metodologias que, ao mesmo tempo, permitam o aumento da produtividade do desenvolvimento de software e permitam manipular as restrições dos sistemas embarcados como tamanho de memória, comportamento de tempo real, desempenho e energia. A análise e projeto orientado a objetos são altamente conhecidos e utilizados na comunidade de engenharia de software. Este paradigma auxilia no desenvolvimento e manutenção do software, porém apresenta uma signi cativa sobrecarga em termos de memória, desempenho e tamanho do código. Esta tese introduz uma metodologia e um conjunto de ferramentas que permitem o uso concomitante de orientação a objetos e os diferentes requisitos dos sistemas embarcados. Para atingir este objetivo, esta tese apresenta uma metodologia para exploração de software embarcado orientado a objetos que permite melhoria em diferentes níveis do processo de desenvolvimento do software baseado em diferentes implementações do mesmo processador. Os resultados da metodologia são apresentados baseados na aplicação de um tocador de MP3. / Software is increasingly becoming the major cost factor for embedded devices. Nowadays, with the growing complexity of embedded systems, it is necessary to use techniques and methodologies that can, at the same time, increase software productivity and manipulate embedded systems constraints - like memory footprint, real-time behavior, performance and energy. Object-oriented modeling and design is a widely known methodology in software engineering. This paradigm may satisfy software portability and maintainability requirements, but it presents overhead in terms of memory, performance and code size. This thesis introduces a methodology and a set of tools that can deal, at the same time, with object orientation and di erent embedded systems requirements. To achieve this goal, the thesis presents a methodology to explore object-oriented embedded software improving di erent levels in the software design based on di erent implementations with the same processor. The results of the methodology are presented based on an MP3 player application.

O software vem se tornando cada vez mais o principal fator de custo no desenvolvimento de dispositivos embarcados. Atualmente, com o aumento aumentando da complexidade dos sistemas embarcados, se faz necessário o uso de técnicas e metodologias que, ao mesmo tempo, permitam o aumento da produtividade do desenvolvimento de software e permitam manipular as restrições dos sistemas embarcados como tamanho de memória, comportamento de tempo real, desempenho e energia. A análise e projeto orientado a objetos são altamente conhecidos e utilizados na comunidade de engenharia de software. Este paradigma auxilia no desenvolvimento e manutenção do software, porém apresenta uma signi cativa sobrecarga em termos de memória, desempenho e tamanho do código. Esta tese introduz uma metodologia e um conjunto de ferramentas que permitem o uso concomitante de orientação a objetos e os diferentes requisitos dos sistemas embarcados. Para atingir este objetivo, esta tese apresenta uma metodologia para exploração de software embarcado orientado a objetos que permite melhoria em diferentes níveis do processo de desenvolvimento do software baseado em diferentes implementações do mesmo processador. Os resultados da metodologia são apresentados baseados na aplicação de um tocador de MP3. / Software is increasingly becoming the major cost factor for embedded devices. Nowadays, with the growing complexity of embedded systems, it is necessary to use techniques and methodologies that can, at the same time, increase software productivity and manipulate embedded systems constraints - like memory footprint, real-time behavior, performance and energy. Object-oriented modeling and design is a widely known methodology in software engineering. This paradigm may satisfy software portability and maintainability requirements, but it presents overhead in terms of memory, performance and code size. This thesis introduces a methodology and a set of tools that can deal, at the same time, with object orientation and di erent embedded systems requirements. To achieve this goal, the thesis presents a methodology to explore object-oriented embedded software improving di erent levels in the software design based on di erent implementations with the same processor. The results of the methodology are presented based on an MP3 player application.

abstract: Most embedded applications are constructed with multiple threads to handle concurrent events. For optimization and debugging of the programs, dynamic program analysis is widely used to collect execution information while the program is running. Unfortunately, the non-deterministic behavior of multithreaded embedded software makes the dynamic analysis difficult. In addition, instrumentation overhead for gathering execution information may change the execution of a program, and lead to distorted analysis results, i.e., probe effect. This thesis presents a framework that tackles the non-determinism and probe effect incurred in dynamic analysis of embedded software. The thesis largely consists of three parts. First of all, we discusses a deterministic replay framework to provide reproducible execution. Once a program execution is recorded, software instrumentation can be safely applied during replay without probe effect. Second, a discussion of probe effect is presented and a simulation-based analysis is proposed to detect execution changes of a program caused by instrumentation overhead. The simulation-based analysis examines if the recording instrumentation changes the original program execution. Lastly, the thesis discusses data race detection algorithms that help to remove data races for correctness of the replay and the simulation-based analysis. The focus is to make the detection efficient for C/C++ programs, and to increase scalability of the detection on multi-core machines. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Computer Science 2015

abstract: Concurrency bugs are one of the most notorious software bugs and are very difficult to manifest. Significant work has been done on detection of atomicity violations bugs for high performance systems but there is not much work related to detect these bugs for embedded systems. Although criteria to claim existence of bugs remains same, approach changes a bit for embedded systems. The main focus of this research is to develop a systemic methodology to address the issue from embedded systems perspective. A framework is developed which predicts the access interleaving patterns that may violate atomicity using memory references of shared variables and provides support to force and analyze these schedules for any output change, system fault or change in execution path. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Computer Science 2016

O software vem se tornando cada vez mais o principal fator de custo no desenvolvimento de dispositivos embarcados. Atualmente, com o aumento aumentando da complexidade dos sistemas embarcados, se faz necessário o uso de técnicas e metodologias que, ao mesmo tempo, permitam o aumento da produtividade do desenvolvimento de software e permitam manipular as restrições dos sistemas embarcados como tamanho de memória, comportamento de tempo real, desempenho e energia. A análise e projeto orientado a objetos são altamente conhecidos e utilizados na comunidade de engenharia de software. Este paradigma auxilia no desenvolvimento e manutenção do software, porém apresenta uma signi cativa sobrecarga em termos de memória, desempenho e tamanho do código. Esta tese introduz uma metodologia e um conjunto de ferramentas que permitem o uso concomitante de orientação a objetos e os diferentes requisitos dos sistemas embarcados. Para atingir este objetivo, esta tese apresenta uma metodologia para exploração de software embarcado orientado a objetos que permite melhoria em diferentes níveis do processo de desenvolvimento do software baseado em diferentes implementações do mesmo processador. Os resultados da metodologia são apresentados baseados na aplicação de um tocador de MP3. / Software is increasingly becoming the major cost factor for embedded devices. Nowadays, with the growing complexity of embedded systems, it is necessary to use techniques and methodologies that can, at the same time, increase software productivity and manipulate embedded systems constraints - like memory footprint, real-time behavior, performance and energy. Object-oriented modeling and design is a widely known methodology in software engineering. This paradigm may satisfy software portability and maintainability requirements, but it presents overhead in terms of memory, performance and code size. This thesis introduces a methodology and a set of tools that can deal, at the same time, with object orientation and di erent embedded systems requirements. To achieve this goal, the thesis presents a methodology to explore object-oriented embedded software improving di erent levels in the software design based on di erent implementations with the same processor. The results of the methodology are presented based on an MP3 player application.

Abstract Malmi et al. (2004) argue that the cost of quality (COQ) literature typically deals with manufacturing or service organizations in continuous or repetitive business processes in which identical or similar activities and work phases are repeated in the same sequence or order, batch after batch or customer after customer. Many modern businesses, such as the software business, are outright project based, or operate like a string of semi-independent projects characterized by unique resources, customized activity or work sequence order, and a predefined start and finish. COQ measuring and reporting are traditionally based on ex post calculations. In this study, an idea of real-time quality cost measurement will be developed and tested. The literature on real-time quality cost accounting is limited or even non-existent. The dissertation investigates whether it is possible to measure quality costs as a real-time basis in the software industry. The purpose is to develop a model for measuring quality costs on a real-time basis in software development. This is achieved by seeking answers to the research question how to measure quality costs on a real-time basis in the software industry. The research extends the current literature in three main respects. First, the study presents the idea of measuring quality costs in real-time basis. Second, a contribution is made by investigating how the characteristics of software business impact on the accounting of quality costs by presenting the nature and distinction of software business as well as its implications for software quality and applying quality cost measurement to the software business. Third, this study is expected to make a contribution by investigating how to use quality cost measurement as a management accounting tool in modern software business environment. The constructive research approach (CRA) proposed by Kasanen et al. (1993) is used in a case company, A, that develops and produces packaged software used in embedded products. Since it is not typically possible to pass semi-strong or strong market tests within a medium-term time span, the construction is tested by using more detailed nuances within the weak market test category suggested by Labro and Tuomela (2003) in order to analyse the level of progress of the construct. The possibility of constructing a real-time cost of quality measurement system developed in Case A is also tested in another case company (Case B) to make the weak market test stronger, and the boundary conditions how to construct such a system in a totally different working environment are charted. The results indicate that such a system could be constructed irrespective of the cost accounting environment or the software used. The anticipated contribution arises from the fact that the construct is a novelty that leads to a new means of quality cost accounting in software business (cf. Lukka 2000).

In the world that we live in today, we greatly rely on software in nearly every aspect of our lives. In many critical applications, such as in transportation and medical systems, catastrophic consequences could occur in case of buggy software. As the computational power and storage capacity of computer hardware keep increasing, so are the size and complexity of the software. This makes testing and verification increasingly challenging in practice, and consequentially creates a chance for software with critical bugs to find their way into the consumer market. In this dissertation, I present a set of innovative new methods for automatically verifying, as well as synthesizing, critical software and hardware in embedded computing applications. Based on a set of rigorous formal analysis techniques, my methods can guarantee that the resulting software are efficient and secure as well as provably correct. / Ph. D.

The CUBES (CUbesat x-ray Background Explorer using Scintillators) is a payload on the KTH student satellite MIST (MIniature STudent satellite) to evaluate Silicon Photo-multiplier technology and new scintillators such as GAGG (Gadolinium Aluminium Gallium Garnet, Gd3Al2Ga3O12) for future use in hard X-ray polarisation studies of Gamma-Ray Bursts. CUBES itself is designed to study the MIST in-orbit radiation environment by using a detector which is comprised of a silicon photomultiplier coupled to different scintillator materials. Three of these detectors will be mounted on the payload platform and then coupled to inputs of an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) and connected to a Field-programmable Gate Array (FPGA) which will store and send data through the downlink on the MIST satellite to ground. This thesis covers the software development for the FPGA, together with two radiation tests of components and the preparation of these. / CUBES / MIST

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In today’s complex landscape of embedded software systems, the robust integration testing need is more critical than ever. This bachelor’s thesis project delves into the integration testing of an articulated hauler dumping system for Volvo Construction Equipment (Volvo CE). The study focuses on the architecture, functional and safety requirements and overall performance of the system. The complexity of modern construction machinery, driven by sophisticated Electronic Control Units (ECUs), demands precise coordination and flawless operation. Inaccuracies or failures in integrated ECUs can result in operational inefficiencies, safety risks, and substantial downtime costs. This paper offers valuable insights into a systematic approach designed to tackle these challenges head-on within the domain of articulated hauler dumping systems. Our exploration comprehensiveness employed diverse testing methodologies, encompassing scenario-based, boundary and stress testing, integration testing, and user interaction testing. This multifaceted approach enabled a thorough understanding of the system’s behavior, reliability, and responsiveness. The research aims to clarify the importance of comprehensive integration testing and its role in ensuring optimal performance, safety, and complex embedded systems efficiency. This study is a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and professionals navigating the complexities of embedded systems integration, offering actionable insights and strategies for achieving robustness and reliability in intricate machinery operations.