New trends in international commercial arbitration Summary This thesis deals with two new trends of international commercial arbitration that aim at accelerating its process, namely (1) expedited arbitration and (2) institute of emergency arbitrator, and their capacity to contribute to the speed up of its process. A comparison of current provisions of these trends in arbitration rules of selected permanent international arbitration institutions was used for their analyses. The thesis is comprised of three chapters. In the first chapter, I present significant current trends that should contribute to the speed and higher effectiveness of the international commercial arbitration and identify potential pitfalls of these new trends. Consolidation of arbitration proceedings, electronic communication between the subjects of the proceedings, ethical rules, expedited arbitration and emergency arbitrator are introduced in this chapter. The second chapter further pursues the concept of expedited arbitration. It consists of two parts. The first section provides an analysis of the provisions of expedited arbitration within the arbitration rules of selected permanent international arbitration institutions that are China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Vienna International Arbitral Centre of the...

En el contexto de las disputas de construcción bajo la Cláusula 20° de los modelos contractuales FIDIC, este artículo analiza una situación muy particular de conflicto entre las funciones de un dispute board y las atribuciones de un árbitro de emergencia y sus implicancias en el contrato.

In the 20th century, Arbitration became one the most widely utilized form of dispute resolution in the field of international commerce. The use of Arbitration provides parties with more flexibility. This thesis examines one of the current trends in international arbitration - interim measures. Their purpose is to be able to react in situations when the proceedings are already pending or even before they actually commenced. They should significantly reduce the risk that the arbitral award may be frustrated or unenforceable. In these situations, it may be justifiable to interfere with parties' relationships. The thesis is focused particularly on the jurisdiction of an arbitral tribunal to issue interim measures and on the role of national courts in this field. In the terms of competence of arbitral tribunals, the legal basis of their jurisdiction and conditions necessary to issue interim measures are highlighted. In the case of the role of national courts, the thesis examines their ancillary function (interim measures issued by national courts) as well as their supervisory function (review of the interim measures issued by arbitral tribunals). The most important aspect is then the enforcement of interim measures. The very latest trend - emergency arbitrator proceedings - is not excluded. The thesis...

L’injonction anti-suit ou anti-procédure est le seul moyen susceptible d’empêcher une partie de s’engager, de mauvaise foi, dans une procédure initiée devant un tribunal étatique de son choix dans le but d’entraver l’arbitrage. Sa forme la plus efficace est celle d’une mesure provisoire. Cet outil juridictionnel peut, conformément aux lois et règlement d’arbitrage modernes, être obtenu des tribunaux arbitraux, qui jouissent habituellement d’un imperium suffisant pour le prononcer ainsi que pour sanctionner tout non-respect de l’ordre. S’il peut être octroyé « avant dire droit », l’arbitre doit néanmoins le fonder sur une base légale se trouvant dans le champ de sa compétence juridictionnelle. L’apparence d’une possible violation de l’une des obligations découlant de la clause compromissoire, comme celle de l’exécuter de bonne foi, ou d’un manquement à une cause de confidentialité insérée dans le contrat principal en sont des exemples. Cette mesure d’interdiction est, en outre, disponible au juge étatique français, l’injonction « de ne pas faire » n’étant guère inconnue en droit français. En matière d’arbitrage, elle pourrait par ailleurs être autorisée, en dépit de l’arrêt West Tankers, au regard du nouveau Règlement Bruxelles I bis et, surtout, lorsqu’elle prend la forme d’une mesure provisoire. Lorsque son émission paraît légitime, il revient principalement au juge étatique du siège d’un arbitrage de décider si une injonction anti-suit doit être prononcée en soutien de l’instance arbitrale. Cependant, pour des raisons d’efficacité, la juridiction d’un autre Etat qui serait en mesure de mieux faire respecter l’injonction anti-suit peut aussi l’ordonner. / The anti-suit injunction is the only means capable of preventing a party from being involved in proceedings commenced before a domestic court of its choice in bad faith and with the only objective of disrupting arbitration. It is most efficient in the form of an interim measure. In accordance with modern arbitration laws and rules, this jurisdictional tool may be obtained, in this form, from arbitration tribunals, which normally have sufficient imperium to order it, as well as to impose sanctions on any non-compliant party. Although it can be issued before the parties’ rights have been determined, the arbitrator must nevertheless make sure that its legal basis falls under his jurisdiction. Examples of such legal bases are the prima facie potential breaches of one of the obligations contained in the arbitration clause, such as to perform it in good faith, or of a confidentiality clause contained in the main contract. This restraining measure is also available to the French judge, since prohibitory injunctions are hardly unknown to French law. In the field of arbitration, it appears that its use may be permitted under the new Brussels 1 bis Regulation in spite of the West Tankers case and, especially, where it takes the form of an interim measure. When its issuance appears to be legitimate, it is primarily for the court of the seat of an arbitration to decide whether it should be ordered in support of the arbitration proceedings. However, for reasons of efficiency, if the court of another country happens to be in a better position to ensure compliance with the anti-suit injunction, it may also order it.