published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Geography / Master / Master of Geographic Information System

No description available.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 29, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

abstract: The American courts have become increasingly central to many important political debates. The marriage equality debate, the boundaries between religious freedom and society, the death penalty, eminent domain and many other contemporary issues that have direct effects on the lives of all Americans continue to play out in the court systems. While Alexander Hamilton in Federalist 82 sees the federal and state courts as complementary, this research sees these courts as often-rival political venues that political interests make strategic choices about taking legal actions in. Prior research finds that political interests turn to the state courts for two reasons: The structure of law creates a legal incentive and the political interests have access to state level resources, e.g. attorneys skilled in the laws of a state. Yet, there appear to be important gaps in existing theory. A distinction between state and national political interests is seemingly important. State political interests are embedded within their state political communities; consequently these interests should have strong attachments with their respective state courts. Also, state political interests can be expected to select courts on the basis of political ideology and state judicial selection methods. Prior research has shown the connection between these factors and judicial decision-making, but not interest group participation. To examine these areas of uncertainty, this research collected more than 3500 observations of the participation of political interests in the American courts. Two legal areas were selected: eminent domain and marriage equality. Ultimately, this study finds that state political interests develop strong attachments to their respective state courts and are more likely to enter into the state courts than their nationally-oriented counterparts. This research also finds that judicial ideology and state judicial selection both influence the decision to enter into the state courts. This shows a relationship between these factors and the decision to enter into the state courts. It also suggests that these factors not only affect the choices that judges make, but other actors as well, including political interests. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Political Science 2017

This dissertation main goal is to contribute to the ecosystem services valuation improvement from a social environmental context. The hypothesis adopted is that the valuation process methodological improvement under the Ecological Economy perspective may help determine entitled compensation, in expropriation lawsuits concerning large areas with great natural resources and with biological significance such as permanent preservation areas, by including other value dimensions associated with the ecosystem services (social and ecological values, besides the economic value). It shows that valuation is one among other important instruments of political and environmental management and the improvement of this information may contribute to the decision making process and the sustainable use of natural resources. Therefore, the aspects of current environmental valuation are shown and a valuation guide using social and environmental indicators, which may be used in judicial valuations, is presented. In order to apply the proposed guide, a case study was conducted in an area situated on the right side bank of Rio do Sal, near the confluence of Sergipe river, within the city limits of Aracaju and Nossa Senhora do Socorro, covering one of the last portions of mangrove and wetlands, and where a housing project by the city of Aracaju is under way. The obtained values may still be used by prosecutors to take action related to environmental management. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo contribuir para o aprimoramento da valoração dos serviços ecossistêmicos a partir de um contexto socioambiental. A hipótese adotada é que o aperfeiçoamento metodológico da valoração sob o prisma da Economia Ecológica possa auxiliar na determinação da justa indenização, em processos de desapropriações que envolvam áreas com vastos recursos naturais de significativa importância biológica como as áreas de preservação permanente, ao incorporar outras dimensões de valores associadas aos serviços ecossistêmicos (valores ecológicos e sociais, além do valor econômico). Mostra que a valoração é um dentre outros importantes instrumentos de politica e gestão ambiental sendo que a melhoria dessas informações pode inclusive, contribuir para o processo de tomada de decisões e o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais. Para tal, são apontados os aspectos presentes atualmente nas avaliações de bens ambientais e elaborado um roteiro de avaliação através da utilização de indicadores socioambientais que poderá ser utilizado nas avaliações judiciais. Para a aplicação do roteiro proposto, foi realizado um estudo de uma área situada na margem direita do Rio do Sal, nas proximidades da confluência com o rio Sergipe, na divisa dos municípios de Aracaju e Nossa Senhora do Socorro, compreendendo uma das últimas porções de mangues, alagadiços e apicuns e onde estão sendo construídos conjuntos habitacionais da Prefeitura Municipal de Aracaju/SE. Os valores encontrados podem ainda, servir de subsídio para que outras ações sejam tomadas pelo Ministério Público em face da necessidade da gestão dos ambientes naturais.

El presente trabajo comprenderá dos capítulos. El primer capítulo de carácter general, el cual es trascendental para el posterior capítulo, abarcará el ámbito de aplicación del Impuesto a la Renta, las teorías más difundidas de renta. Asimismo, el concepto de renta enfocado tanto para rentas no empresariales como empresariales, siendo que en ésta última, se enfatizará el penúltimo párrafo del artículo 3° del TUO de la LIR. El segundo capítulo, de carácter más definido, tratará cuestiones más específicas, empezando por qué es lo que se entiende por expropiación y su regulación en el Perú; posteriormente, se tratará de la indemnización justipreciada o justiprecio y su posible afectación o no al Impuesto a la Renta, tomándose en cuenta argumentos a favor y en contra de ello. / Trabajo de investigación

No description available.

This study is an exploration of land acquisition for Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. Land acquisition has become one of the most well known problems confronting the SEZ policy and other policies that encourage private investment in infrastructure. Land acquisition for SEZs has caused widespread popular mobilizations and resistance, which have in turn led to cost overruns, delays, and project failures. This study examines India's land acquisition framework, particularly the evolution of the Land Acquisition Act 1894, in order to understand the factors contributing to acquisition problems when the state uses its power of eminent domain, as well as when private developers attempt to acquire land through consensual market transactions. It uses two SEZs spanning over 14,000 hectares of land near Mumbai--Navi Mumbai SEZ and Mumbai SEZ--as cases through which to examine the land acquisition process. / Geography

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Public Administration

Master of Arts / Department of Geography / Max Lu / Given the ongoing incidence of housing displacement related to the commercial redevelopment of neighborhoods, and its implications for the health and quality of life of affected households and communities, there is a need for insight into what factors influence the quality of a move and movers' chances of successful post-move adjustment. In this study, qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with 26 men and women representing 18 households from three redeveloped eastern Kansas neighborhoods was employed to examine residents' experiences of displacement. Five factors were examined: attachment to home and neighborhood, community social ties, relative sense of control and mastery over the circumstances of relocation, opinions of the amount of monetary compensation or relocation assistance received, and support for a redevelopment project. The results show that attachment to home influenced feelings about having to move, although it did not preclude contentment with a post-move dwelling. Attachment to neighborhood had both social and environmental components. Neighborhood social ties were difficult to replicate for many residents in their post-move neighborhoods. Perceptions of control over the circumstances of a move were negatively affected by problems with communication and information-sharing between residents and relocation authorities, causing stress and difficulties finding replacement housing. Satisfaction with compensation was tied to perceptions of upward housing mobility, while dissatisfaction was influenced by perceptions of having been a victim of official graft. Expressed support for redevelopment projects was in the main grudging, and support for a project did not appear to greatly influence a positive disposition toward moving. Experiences connected with displacement are not monolithic, and neither are its outcomes. Householders forced to move may concede that relocation has had at once negative repercussions and benefits. Having achieved upward housing mobility or experienced improved quality of life subsequent to moving did not eradicate residents' wish to have been 'treated better,' monetarily or otherwise, by relocation officials. This oft-expressed desire calls attention to the need for greater awareness of, and sensitivity to, the nature of residential place attachment and the special problems of those forced to move.