There have been numerous studies on the economic, social, and emotional lives of the Southeast Asian refugees (Adelman, 1982; Beiser, Johnson, & Roshi, 1994; Haines, 1989; Neuwirth, 1984; Nutter, 1984; Whitmore, Trautmann, & Caplan, 1989), yet the lack o f focus on Southeast Asian women refugees is prevalent. Human capital theory explored Southeast Asian women refugees' unique settlement experience as workers in Canada. Data from the Refugee Resettlement Study, " A Ten Year Study of Southeast Asian Refugees in Canada" (Beiser et al., 1994) was used to examine the employment experiences of women from Vietnam and Laos who came to Canada as refugees. The majority of the women were employed and were in jobs with low occupational status. Logistic regression was used to analyse variables associated with employment and occupational status. High English language proficiency was associated with being employed and having high occupational status. In addition, being younger increased employability. When the individual items within the English language proficiency scale were assessed, ability to read English and low ethnic concentration promoted employability. Ability to write English and low ethnic concentration increased the likelihood of having higher occupational status. This study contributes to the limited literature on refugee women's human capital accumulation and employment experiences during settlement in the host country.

The following research used data from the SSE to determine whether socialization or discrimination can explain the lower status of female engineers, compared to men. It was learned that female engineers with children are as committed to their careers as childless female engineers. Moreover, there is no difference in income or job status between these two groups. There is also no significant difference in income between male and female engineers when controlling for employment status, degree, job status and experience. However, female engineers are not found in management positions as often as their male colleagues, even after controlling for experience. This lower job status, in turn, affects the women's incomes. A reason for the lower status of female engineers is likely due to engineering being very male-dominated. No such difference in job status exists in the field of computer science, where the proportion of women is much higher.

In this thesis, I analyse the gender earnings gap in South Africa using Labour Force Survey (LFS) data, for the period between 2001 and 2005. In addition to providing estimates of the gender earnings differential at the mean of the wage distribution (using a pooled regression), I also provide quantile regression estimates to account for the gap at different points of the distribution. To further explore reasons for the gender earnings gap, I separate the male and female earnings equations and employ a decomposition technique. This allows me to determine the proportion of the gap that is not explained by differences in observable characteristics between men and women. The 'unexplained' part of the earnings gap is suggestive of gender discrimination in the labour market. Using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) the pooled regression (controlling for sample selection), indicates an increase in the gender pay gap between 2001 and 2005. In turn, the quantile regression estimates for the period also illustrate a widening gender earnings differential throughout the distribution, except at the mean. By contrast, the descriptive statistics and the separated male and female earnings estimations show a decrease in the earnings gap over the period. Given that the pooled regression assumes the same returns to observable characteristics for males and females, which I reject through the use of a Chow test, the results from the separated estimations hold more weight. The Oaxaca (1973) decomposition on the separated male and female earnings estimations illustrates that the 'unexplained' component of the gap accounts for a greater proportion of the gap than the 'explained' component in both years. Furthermore, the 'unexplained' proportion of the gap increased in the period, while the 'explained' proportion decreased. Thus, if the 'unexplained' part of the gap is considered to be a measure of discrimination, then the data indicates an increase in discrimination in earnings between the sexes over the period 2001 to 2005, even though there was a narrowing of the gender earnings differential. / Thesis (M.Com.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2008.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of the Lincoln National Corporation Business Assisted Summer Employment Program upon the self-concepts and selected job retention factors of junior and senior high school students from low income families in Fort Wayne, Indiana. Specifically, the study was designed to gather and analyze statistical data of participating B.A.S.E. students as compared to nonparticipating students.Literature regarding self-concept, business and education partnerships at both the national and state level was reviewed. Literature study revealed analysis and results of program evaluation, but limited research on program participant self-evaluation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to access the participant through a pre and posttest investigation.The sample of respondents numbered 166, but through attrition due to insufficient availability of data, the study was conducted with 154 students. All 154 students were administered the eighty-item Piers-Harris Self-Concept Children's Scale in May, 1985 and August, 1985. The (1) "yes" and "no" responses were reported, (2) grade, and (3) attendance pre an post data were reported. All data was hand scored by the author, and computed by the Ball State Computing Services Department utilizing multivariate and univariate analysis of variance tests.The responses of the participating and nonparticipating students yielded the following results:1. There was no significant difference between the mean scores of the participating and nonparticipating B.A.S.E. students based on the following variables: behavior, intelligence, anxiety, popularity, attendance, physical attributes, and happiness.2. There was a significant difference between participating and nonparticipating students based on grade point averages.3. There was a significant difference between participating and nonparticipating male students' pre and posttest mean scores based on grade point averages.4. There was a significant difference between participating and nonparticipating female students pre and posttest mean scores based on grade point averages. 5. The Lincoln National Corporation B.A.S.E. Program had benefited participants in improving the grade point average, developed a successful partnership with high schools, and fostered community growth through staff volunteerism.

Thesis (M. Admin) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2006

Bibliography: leaves [174]-183. / Microfiche. / xi, 183 leaves, bound 29 cm

Thesis (MEd (Human Resource Studies)) -- University of South Australia, 1994

Spending time at work, with family/whanau, and communities takes up a large proportion of Maori women's lives. Finding a balance can often be complex and challenging, due to surrounding environmental influences that are continually changing. This thesis explores those challenges, and considers whether 'being Maori' affects the way they manage their lives around the dimensions of work family/whanau and community.The study interviewed Maori women over 20 years of age, in paid work, and who were active members in two urban Maori communities of Auckland, namely Te Whanau o Waipareira Trust and Manukau Urban Maori Authority.It was anticipated that information gleaned could be used to consider positive strategies to facilitate the better management of their time given the constraints imposed on them by modern existence without compromising their cultural obligations as Maori actively involved in their communities.Overall, it was found that being Maori does have an affect on how the women manage their lives around work, family/whanau, and community. A number of factors are identified that help balance work and everyday life including whanau and community support as well as individual strategies and personal assistance. For example, flexible employers that valued Maori beliefs and culture helped reinforce and facilitate the achievement of this balance. Similarly, quality childcare was invaluable. Further research is suggested as to how Maori women balance competing priorities from community and whanau demands.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2004. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-104).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1973. / "A causal, sequential model of lateral interunit conflict within organizations is developed. ... Specific propositions from the theoretical model are empirically tested with survey data from twenty-three Wisconsin State Employment Service districts, offices, and seventy-two units in these offices." Vita. Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.