Submitted by PPG Zoologia (zoologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-17T13:17:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_CAH_vfinal.pdf: 3985079 bytes, checksum: 6ad6a029bd9cffd5f9f47cd2432f0e7d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-04T17:30:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_CAH_vfinal.pdf: 3985079 bytes, checksum: 6ad6a029bd9cffd5f9f47cd2432f0e7d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-04T17:35:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_CAH_vfinal.pdf: 3985079 bytes, checksum: 6ad6a029bd9cffd5f9f47cd2432f0e7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-22 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Important studies have already been done regarding on paleoneurology of extinct animals due to the advancement of computed tomography techniques in recent years. This allowed more accurate studies and without the need to modify materials, especially non-mammaliaform cynodonts and basal mammals. However, these analyzes are limited by material preservation biases, often with absence of postcranium. Consequently, body mass estimations are required, which are necessary for calculations of quantitative analyzes regarding the evolution of the brain capacity of these animals. Considering this, in order to increase the data set about the evolution of the brain in Cynodontia, computed tomography of two skulls of the MCT/PUCRS (MCP 1600 PV Probelesodon kitchingi; MCP 3871 PV Massetognathus ochagaviae) were performed. We also calculated the specimens? encephalization quotients (EQ), with and without the olfactory bulbs, using two formulas of body mass estimation. When the necessary data were available in the literature, the EQs were calculated for other synapids for comparative purposes. In relation to the morphology of the endocranial casts, no differences were observed in relation to previous described for other eucinodonts, in which there is still no enlargement of the cerebral hemispheres, as well as a development of the cerebellar region. The EQs obtained for M. ochagaviae and P. kitchingi do not differ representatively from those previously calculated for other materials of the same genus. For the calculations with and without the olfactory bulbs the same was observed. However, when comparing the encephalization quotients obtained with the application of the four formulas, significant differences were observed between the results. Therefore, it is not possible to compare the EQs obtained with the different methods, and only one is required. / Importantes estudos j? foram realizados acerca da paleoneurologia de animais extintos gra?as ao avan?o das t?cnicas de tomografia computadorizada nos ?ltimos anos. Isso possibilitou estudos mais precisos e sem a necessidade de altera??o dos materiais, especialmente cinodontes n?o-mammaliaformes e mam?feros basais. Entretanto, estas an?lises s?o limitadas por vieses de preserva??o dos materiais, muitas vezes com aus?ncia de p?s-cr?nio. Consequentemente, s?o realizadas estimativas de massa corporal, necess?rias para os c?lculos de an?lises quantitativas da evolu??o da capacidade cerebral destes animais. Considerando isso, a fim de aumentar o conjunto de dados acerca da evolu??o do c?rebro em Cynodontia, foram realizadas tomografias computadorizadas de dois cr?nios do MCT/PUCRS (MCP 1600 PV Probelesodon kitchingi; MCP 3871 PV Massetognathus ochagaviae). Tamb?m foram calculados os quocientes de encefaliza??o (EQ) para os esp?cimes, com e sem os bulbos olfat?rios, aplicando-se quatro m?todos. Para as estimativas de massa corp?rea utilizou-se duas f?rmulas. Quando os dados necess?rios estavam dispon?veis na bibliografia, foram calculados os EQs para outros sinapsidos com fins comparativos. Em rela??o ? morfologia dos moldes endocranianos, n?o foram observadas diferen?as em rela??o ao descrito para outros eucinodontes, no qual ainda n?o h? um alargamento dos hemisf?rios cerebrais, assim como um desenvolvimento da regi?o cerebelar. Os EQs obtidos para M. ochagaviae e P. kitchingi n?o diferem de forma representativa dos previamente calculados para outros materiais de mesmos g?neros. O mesmo foi observado para os c?lculos com e sem os bulbos olfat?rios. Entretanto, ao analisar comparativamente os quocientes de encefaliza??o obtidos com a aplica??o das quatro f?rmulas, foram observadas diferen?as significativas entre os resultados. Portanto, n?o ? poss?vel a compara??o entre os EQs obtidos com os diferentes m?todos, sendo necess?ria a escolha de apenas um.