Pagal sudarytus kloninės atrankos kriterijus 2003 metais iš Lietuvos natūralių augaviečių, gamybinių plantacijų ir lauko kolekcijų atrinkti 4 Salix dasyclados klonai (04120, 04122, 04123, 04124), vienas klonas atrinktas iš auginamų trumpos apyvartos želdinių (9977) bei 1 veislė (‘Gudrun‘) gauta iš Švedijos. Alytaus AB „Vilda" gamybinėse plantacijose įrengtas lauko kolekcinis sklypas. Tyrimai atlikti 2004 - 2007 metais. Darbe pateikiama S. dasyclados klonų krūmų morfobiologinių savybių ir produktyvumo tyrimų duomenys. Apibendrinus S.dasyclados klonų morfometrinius ir dendrometrinius tyrimus nustatyta, kad tirtieji klonai skiriasi pagal krūmų aukštį, stiebų skaičių krūme, jų vidutinį ilgį bei skersmenį, nulaibėjimo pobūdį, medienos ir šerdies skersmenį, lapų morfologija ir kitus požymius. Didžiausią stiebų biomasę IV - aisiais auginimo metais išaugino S. dasyclados kl. 04122 – 112,4 t/ha, nuo jo nedaug atsiliko ir S. dasyclados x S. viminalis kl. 04120 – 108,9 t/ha. Didžiausiu šiluminiu kaloringumu išsiskyrė S. dasyclados kl. 04122 – 18,72 MJ/kg, ir S. dasyclados kl. 04123 – 18,16 MJ/kg. Pagal išauginamų atžalinių ūglių ir stiebų biomasės kiekį ir jų kokybę bei energetinę vertę, gamybinėse plantacijose auginti tinkamiausi yra S. dasyclados kl. 9977 ir S. dasyclados kl. 04122. / According to clone selection criteria in the year of 2003 out of 4 natural Salix dasyclados clones (04120, 04122, 04123, 04124) growing in Lithuania, one clone was selected in short crops species (9977) as well as one Gudrun sort (Sweden) received form habitat productions plantations and field collections. In plantation of Alytus joint-stock company “Vilda” was establish collection lot. They research was conducted in 2004 – 2007. In this paper the research data about clone S. dasyclados brushes morfobiological and characteristics and productivity evaluation. Summarizing the research results of S. dasyclados clone morfometric and dandrometric characteristics in was stated that the investigation clones differ according the high of the brush and number of stems in the brushes, their average length and diameter, thinning character timber and core diameter, morphological of leaves and other indicates. The biggest biomass of the stems S. dasyclados 04122 – 112,4t/ha in the fourth year of vegetation was produced. S. dasyclados x S. viminalis 04120 didn’t lag much behind, it’s biomass was 108,9 t/ha. S. dasyclados 04122 (18,72 MJ/kg) and S. dasyclados 04123 (18,16MJ/kg) were characterized by the biggest heat calorific content. According to the amount of biomass of sprouts and stems as well as their quality and energetic value the most suitable to be grown in production plantation are Salix dasyclados 04122.

Orientador: Maria Izabel Maretti Silveira Bueno / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T21:29:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Terra_Juliana_D.pdf: 1127405 bytes, checksum: 8add17cc15292f2c53fd1f5930038adc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: O valor energético (VE) é uma das informações obrigatórias que devem ser fornecidas no rótulo dos alimentos pré-embalados. O VE que aparece nos rótulos corresponde a uma relação dos teores de alguns macronutrientes (proteínas, gorduras e carboidratos) presentes na amostra. A determinação destes parâmetros é oficialmente feita a partir de procedimentos analíticos distintos e todos são laboriosos, lentos e geradores de resíduos. Em geral, envolvem o uso de reagentes (alguns tóxicos), além de provocarem a destruição da amostra. Esse trabalho apresenta modelos de calibração e validação para determinar o valor energético (calorias) e o teor de carboidratos e proteínas em amostras de extratos e farinhas de vegetais para consumo humano. A modelagem foi obtida através dos métodos PCA (análise por componentes principais) e PLS (regressão por quadrados mínimos parciais) para espectros de fluorescência de raios X de amostras com parâmetros conhecidos, determinados através de métodos convencionais. Amostras originadas do milho, mandioca, leite, trigo e soja, adquiridas em supermercados brasileiros, foram avaliadas. O método proposto não gera resíduos e não necessita de qualquer tipo de solvente ou reagente, atendendo às exigências da chamada ¿química verde¿. Além disso, a sua aplicação requer 0,2% do tempo necessário para a aplicação dos métodos convencionais. Os bons resultados da validação (erros menores que 14%) indicam que se trata de uma alternativa aos métodos analíticos convencionais, sendo muito atraente para análises de rotina, obedecendo à legislação vigente (portaria 42, resolução RDC 360, ANVISA), que permite erro máximo de 20% / Abstract: The energetic value (EV) is a quantitative information required on the labels of prepackaged foods. The EV appearing on the label corresponds to the sum of the energetic contributions from food macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates and fats). The determinations of these parameters are based on distinct analytical procedures, each one being time-consuming, laborious and producing residues. In general, these methods involve the use of reagents (some toxic) besides destroying the samples. This work presents multivariate calibration and validation models to determine the energetic value, protein and carbohydrate contents of industrialized dried foods for human consumption. The modeling was obtained by using PCA (principal component analysis) and PLS (partial least squares regression) for X-ray fluorescence spectra of samples with known parameters, determined through conventional methods. Samples from corn, casava, milk, wheat and soy, purchased in Brazilian supermarkets, were investigated. The proposed method does not generate wastes and does not require any solvent or reagent, given the demands of the "green chemistry¿. Moreover, its application requires only 0.2% of the time necessary for the application of conventional methods. The good results of the validation process (errors less than 14%) indicate that this is an alternative to conventional analytical methods and is very attractive for routine analysis, according to current legislation (Executive Order 42, DRC resolution 360, ANVISA), which allows maximum errors of 20% / Doutorado / Quimica Analitica / Doutor em Ciências

The aim of this thesis was to design a recipe for the dietary supplements with adaptogenic effects, production, and subsequent analysis (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates), which led to the determination of the energetic value of preparation. Adaptogenic effects are the domain of plants and fungi, known as adaptogens. Adaptogens act non-specifically to the human body - improve the overall condition of the body, accelerate healing and regenerative processes, slow degenerative processes in the body and thus the aging process. As biogenic active stimulators, they affect not only in the physical but also in mental area. Dietary supplements have been designed in three different forms - capsules, syrup, drops. The analysis was also performed in tablets of Vietnamese origin supplied by supervizor, of which entry to our market is being considered. Protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method, lipids by Soxhlet extraction, saccharides by gravimetric method. Dietary supplements were analyzed for heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg), and in herbal drops ethanol content was determined.