Thesis (M.S.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, 2006. / "December, 2006." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 10/17/2007) Advisor, Nathan Ida; Committee members, James Grover, George C. Giakos; Department Chair, J. Alexis De Abreu Garcia; Dean of the College, George K. Haritos; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.

A Escherichia coli é uma bactéria que deve ser controlada na indústria alimentar e setor hospitalar. Biosensores magnetoelásticos oferecem a promessa de rápida identificação destes e de outros patógenos prejudiciais. Neste trabalho, tiras amorfas de Metglas 2826MB3 foram cortadas ao tamanho 5 mm x 1 mm, com uma serra de micro corte e, em seguida, foram revestidas com camadas finas de Au e Cr, como foi verificado pela análise de espessuras de filmes Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS). Foram estudadas várias superfícies dos sensores: 1) sensor as-cast, lado roda; 2) sensor as-cast, superfície livre; 3) superfície polida. Uma camada de cistamina (CYS) foi aplicada ao substrato magnetoelástico, formando monocamadas auto organizadas (SAM), seguido de anticorpos, utilizando um protocolo modificado de Hermanson. Foi utilizado a bactéria Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, um anticorpo primário anti E. coli para a formação do bioconjugado e um anticorpo secundário Goat IgG anti-rabbit H&L Alexa Fluor 488 para a microscopia de fluorescência por método imunológico. O crescimento da camada de cistamina foi caracterizado por espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) para as superfícies. Os biosensores foram expostos a soluções de bactérias e a frequência de ressonância dos sensores foi medida com um analisador de impedância Agilent E5061B até 100 minutos, em 5 biosensores de cada tipo. As reduções na frequência de ressonância, que apresentam a captura de bactérias, foram medidos após a otimização da amplitude do sinal. Para tempos até 40 minutos, a altas taxas de captação foram observadas e, posteriormente, a saturação ocorreu. Os parâmetros associados com uma cinética de captura foram estudados para diferentes superfícies dos sensores. O sensor com uma superfície polida mostrou melhores resultados. Este trabalho mostra que os biosensores magnetoelásticos podem ser úteis para a detecção e quantificação de microrganismos. / Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2015-06-16T18:27:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Andre Luis Possan.pdf: 5589898 bytes, checksum: 765d06f99a85653862a5df0706858320 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-16T18:27:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Andre Luis Possan.pdf: 5589898 bytes, checksum: 765d06f99a85653862a5df0706858320 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. / Escherichia coli is a bacteria that must be controlled in the food industry and the hospital sector. Magnetoelastic biosensors offer the promise of rapid identification of these and other harmful pathogens. In this work, strips of amorphous Metglas 2826MB3 were cut to size (5 mm x 1 mm) with a micro-dicing saw and were then coated with thin layers of Cr and Au, as verified by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS). Several sensor surfaces were studied: 1) as-cast strip, wheel side; 2) as-cast strip, free surface; 3) thinned and polished surface. A layer of Cystamine (CYS) was applied to the magnetoelastic substrate, forming a self-assembled monolayer (SAM), followed by antibodies, using a modified Hermanson protocol. For our Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, we used both a primary antibody anti E. coli and a secondary antibody Goat anti Rabbit IgG H&L Alexa Fluor 488. The cystamine layer growth was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The biosensors were exposed to solutions of bacteria and the resonant frequency of the sensors was measured with an Agilent E5061B impedance analyzer for times up to 100 minutes. Reductions in the resonant frequency, corresponding to bacteria capture, were measured after optimizing the signal amplitude. For times up to 40 minutes, high capture rates were observed and thereafter saturation occurred. Parameters associated with capture kinetics were studied for different sensor surfaces. The sensor with a polished surface was found the best results. This work shows that magnetoelastic biosensors may be useful for the detection and quantification of microorganisms.

A Escherichia coli é uma bactéria que deve ser controlada na indústria alimentar e setor hospitalar. Biosensores magnetoelásticos oferecem a promessa de rápida identificação destes e de outros patógenos prejudiciais. Neste trabalho, tiras amorfas de Metglas 2826MB3 foram cortadas ao tamanho 5 mm x 1 mm, com uma serra de micro corte e, em seguida, foram revestidas com camadas finas de Au e Cr, como foi verificado pela análise de espessuras de filmes Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS). Foram estudadas várias superfícies dos sensores: 1) sensor as-cast, lado roda; 2) sensor as-cast, superfície livre; 3) superfície polida. Uma camada de cistamina (CYS) foi aplicada ao substrato magnetoelástico, formando monocamadas auto organizadas (SAM), seguido de anticorpos, utilizando um protocolo modificado de Hermanson. Foi utilizado a bactéria Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, um anticorpo primário anti E. coli para a formação do bioconjugado e um anticorpo secundário Goat IgG anti-rabbit H&L Alexa Fluor 488 para a microscopia de fluorescência por método imunológico. O crescimento da camada de cistamina foi caracterizado por espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) para as superfícies. Os biosensores foram expostos a soluções de bactérias e a frequência de ressonância dos sensores foi medida com um analisador de impedância Agilent E5061B até 100 minutos, em 5 biosensores de cada tipo. As reduções na frequência de ressonância, que apresentam a captura de bactérias, foram medidos após a otimização da amplitude do sinal. Para tempos até 40 minutos, a altas taxas de captação foram observadas e, posteriormente, a saturação ocorreu. Os parâmetros associados com uma cinética de captura foram estudados para diferentes superfícies dos sensores. O sensor com uma superfície polida mostrou melhores resultados. Este trabalho mostra que os biosensores magnetoelásticos podem ser úteis para a detecção e quantificação de microrganismos. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. / Escherichia coli is a bacteria that must be controlled in the food industry and the hospital sector. Magnetoelastic biosensors offer the promise of rapid identification of these and other harmful pathogens. In this work, strips of amorphous Metglas 2826MB3 were cut to size (5 mm x 1 mm) with a micro-dicing saw and were then coated with thin layers of Cr and Au, as verified by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS). Several sensor surfaces were studied: 1) as-cast strip, wheel side; 2) as-cast strip, free surface; 3) thinned and polished surface. A layer of Cystamine (CYS) was applied to the magnetoelastic substrate, forming a self-assembled monolayer (SAM), followed by antibodies, using a modified Hermanson protocol. For our Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, we used both a primary antibody anti E. coli and a secondary antibody Goat anti Rabbit IgG H&L Alexa Fluor 488. The cystamine layer growth was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The biosensors were exposed to solutions of bacteria and the resonant frequency of the sensors was measured with an Agilent E5061B impedance analyzer for times up to 100 minutes. Reductions in the resonant frequency, corresponding to bacteria capture, were measured after optimizing the signal amplitude. For times up to 40 minutes, high capture rates were observed and thereafter saturation occurred. Parameters associated with capture kinetics were studied for different sensor surfaces. The sensor with a polished surface was found the best results. This work shows that magnetoelastic biosensors may be useful for the detection and quantification of microorganisms.

Recent hardware developments of automated, high speed, portable X-ray diffraction instrumentation have not yet resulted in widespread use of the technique in industry despite its potentials. We suggest that these hardware developments require an equivalent development in the training of instrument operators in order to guarantee the integrity of the resulting data, as well as to enhance the understanding of such materials characterization data. The hurdle to date is the variety of skills necessary in a wide range of scientific and engineering disciplines and which are not commonly found in a single individual. We suggest that a computer-based system, integrating visualization tools, knowledge bases and analysis-capabilities and which is focused on the operator performance can provide an efficient solution to this problem, as it changes the enactment of the stress determination work process. / Master of Science

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND AERO / Includes bibliographical references. / by Wen Liu. / M.S.

Robust regression is a commonly required approach in industrial studies like data mining, quality control and improvement, and finance areas. Among the robust regression methods / Least Median Squares, Least Trimmed Squares, Mregression, MM-method, Least Absolute Deviations, Locally Weighted Scatter Plot Smoothing and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines are compared under contaminated normal distributions with each other and Ordinary Least Squares with respect to the multiple outlier detection performance measures. In this comparison / a simulation study is performed by changing some of the parameters such as outlier density, outlier locations in the x-axis, sample size and number of independent variables. In the comparison of the methods, multiple outlier detection is carried out with respect to the performance measures detection capability, false alarm rate and improved mean square error and ratio of improved mean square error. As a result of this simulation study, the three most competitive methods are compared on an industrial data set with respect to the coefficient of multiple determination and mean square error.

Deformation and annealing texture in the cold rolled low carbon steels is important for sheet metal forming operations and service performance. The aim of this study is to non-destructively investigate the effect of texture on magnetic anisotropy. Various samples having different textures and residual stress states, due to different % reduction in thickness, annealing and stress relieving treatment, were prepared. Texture maps were obtained by Magnetic Barkhausen noise measurements performed with 100 steps between the ranges of 00-3600 on the surface. Microstructure investigation by optical &amp / scanning electron microscopy / hardness and tension tests were performed / and texture was determined by X-Ray diffraction method. The results were compared, evaluated and discussed to establish relationship between texture and magnetic Barkhausen Noise emission.

M.Phil. / In modern society, professional engineers, technologists and technical managers are responsible for the planning, design, manufacture, maintenance and operation of the processes and systems ranging from simple processes to complex systems. The failure of these can often cause effects that range from inconvenience and irritation to severe impact on the society and its environment. Users, customers and society in general expect that products be reliable and safe at all times (Allan & Ballinton 1992). The biggest investment in any plant is, arguably, on individual plant equipment. It is therefore reasonable to give the greatest attention possible to the health and integrity of equipment that form part of the chemical process plant.Most of plant failures occur without warning and this result in equipment breakdowns, huge production losses and expensive maintenance. The reaction to plant failures has, in most cases, been a reactive maintenance which means that the plant equipment must fail before the cause of fault is investigated and the equipment is repaired. Reactive maintenance has shortcomings in that it is successful in solving problems temporarily but does not guarantee prevention of fault recurrence. Equipment and process failures waste money on unreliability problems. The question that arises is. ‘How reliable and safe is the plant during its operating life?’ This question can be answered, in part, by the use of quantitative reliability evaluation. The growing need to achieve high availability for large integrated chemical process systems demands higher levels of reliability at the operational stage. Reliability is the probability of equipment or processes to function without failure when operated correctly for a given interval of time under stated conditions. This research dissertation is aimed at developing equipment optimisation program for the chemical process plant by introducing a logical approach to managing the maintenance of plant equipment. Some relevant reliability theory is discussed and applied to the Short – Path Distillation (SPD) plant of SASOL WAX. An analysis of the failure modes and criticality helps to identify plant equipment that needs special focus during inspection.

In all of the previous pipelining methods such as conventional pipelining, wave pipelining, and mesochronous pipelining, a data wave propagating on the combinational circuit is sampled whenever it arrives to a synchronization stage. In this study, a new wave-pipelining methodology named as Wave Component Sampling Method (WCSM), is proposed. In this method, only the component of a wave, whose maximum and minimum delay difference exceeds the tolerable value, is sampled, and the other components continue to propagate on the circuit. Therefore, the total number of registers required for synchronization decreases significantly. For demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed WCSM, an 8x8 bit carry save In all of the previous pipelining methods such as conventional pipelining, wave pipelining, and mesochronous pipelining, a data wave propagating on the combinational circuit is sampled whenever it arrives to a synchronization stage. In this study, a new wave-pipelining methodology named as Wave Component Sampling Method (WCSM), is proposed. In this method, only the component of a wave, whose maximum and minimum delay difference exceeds the tolerable value, is sampled, and the other components continue to propagate on the circuit. Therefore, the total number of registers required for synchronization decreases significantly. For demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed WCSM, an 8x8 bit carry save adder (CSA) multiplier is implemented using 0.18&micro / m CMOS technology. A generic transmission gate logic block with optimized output delay variation depending on the input pattern is designed and used in all of the sub blocks of the multiplier. Post layout simulation results show that, this multiplier can operate at a speed of 3GHz, using only 70 latches. Comparing with the mesochronous pipelining scheme, the number of the registers is decreased by 41% and the total power of the chip is also decreased by 9.5% without any performance loss. An ultra high speed full pipelined CSA multiplier with an operating frequency of 5GHz is also implemented with WCSM. The number of registers is decreased by 45%, and the power consumption of the circuit is decreased by 18.4% comparing with conventional or mesochronous pipelining methods. WCSM is also applied to different multiplier structures employing booth encoders, Wallace trees, and carry look-ahead adders. Comparing full pipelined 8x8 bit WCSM multiplier with the conventional pipelined multiplier, the number of registers in the implementation of booth encoder, Wallace tree, and carry look-ahead adder is decreased by 30%, 51%, and %62, respectively.

Thesis (M. Tech. - Engineering: Electrical, Department Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology)--Vaal University of Technology. / Curing of materials in order to obtain different properties has been a practice for many years. New developments in composite materials increase the need to control certain variables during the curing process. One very significant variable is temperature. Temperature control by itself is an old practice, however when the need for repeatedly controlling the process accurately over long periods of time arises, a system is required that outperforms normal manual control. One of the aspects within such a system that needs to be considered is the ability to replicate the temperatures within an oven which were originally used for a specific material’s curing profile. This means that a curing profile would need to be defined, saved for later and finally be interpreted correctly by the controlling system. Different control methods were simulated to enable the system to control the temperature which has been defined by literature. This dissertation introduces a variation on the standard control methods and shows improved results. Switching the oven on and off in order to increase or decrease internal oven temperature seems simple, but can cause switching devices to decrease their operational life span, if not designed carefully. A combination switch was introduced which harnesses the advantages of two very common switching devices to form an improved combination switch. Software for the personal computer environment, as well as software for the embedded environment were developed and formed a control system that produced acceptable results for temperature control. Accuracies of 98% and more were achieved and found to be acceptable according to standard engineering control practices. An accurate temperature profile controller was designed, simulated and built in order to control the temperature inside a specific curing oven which, in turn, determined the curing properties of specific materials. The overall results were satisfactory which lead to achieving the objectives outlined in this dissertation.