Le travail présenté dans cette thèse définit une nouvelle approche pour la modélisation et la conceptualisation des processus métiers dans les entreprises afin de construire des outils logiciels d'assistance intelligents qui prennent en charge ces processus. L'approche proposée définit une ontologie dédiée à l'étude des organisations, nommée K-CRIO. Elle est décrite à l'aide du langage de représentation des connaissances OWL. Afin d'illustrer nos travaux, un système d'assistance a été implanté sur la base des résultats issus de la modélisation et de la conceptualisation d'un processus métier spécifique avec l'ontologie K-CRIO. Ce système prend la forme d'une application Web qui intègre et exploite pleinement les avantages des systèmes multiagents. L'ontologie K-CRIO est une ontologie dédiée à l'étude des organisations et à l'analyse organisationnelle des processus métiers qu'elles mettent en oeuvre. Plus précisément, elle est utilisée pour comprendre, analyser et raisonner sur ces organisations. Les organisations visées sont celles composées d'acteurs humains impliqués tout au long de la conception de produits et, pour ce faire, organisés selon un processus métier. L'éventail de ce type d'organisations est assez large. Nous avons donc limité notre étude aux organisations qui produisent des logiciels comme objectif final du processus. Dans ce contexte, l'ontologie K-CRIO peut être utilisée pour modéliser la structure organisationnelle du processus et les activités qui en résultent. Cette ontologie peut ensuite être exploitée afin de concevoir des outils d'assistance à la mise en oeuvre des processus ciblés au sein des organisations décrites. Plus précisément, l'ontologie fournit des moyens de raisonnement, d'annotation des ressources, et de suivi des processus de conception, permettant des recherches et de proposer pro-activement des conseils et des contenus appropriés. Afin d'illustrer l'utilisation de K-CRIO, nous appliquons K-CRIO sur deux processus différents: le modèle en cascade et la méthodologie Scrum. Ces exemples sont des processus de développement de logiciels classiques. En outre, pour le processus Scrum, qui est un processus agile de développement de logiciel, largement utilisé dans les entreprises de logiciels, nous avons conçu et développé un outil d'assistance intelligent. Cet outil contribue principalement à aider les Scrum Masters en leur fournissant des indicateurs pour les assister dans leurs prises de décisions ainsi que par la constitution d'une base de connaissances sur les activités / The work presented in this PhD thesis defines a new approach for the modeling and the conceptualization of enterprise business processes in the perspective of building intelligent assistance software tools to support these processes. The proposed approach defines an organizational ontology, named K-CRIO. Its description is based on the Ontology Web Language. To illustrate our work, an intelligent assistance system has been designed and implemented according to the result from the modeling and conceptualization of a specific business process with the K-CRIO Ontology. It is a web-based application that integrates and takes full advantage of multi-agent systems.The K-CRIO Ontology is an Ontology dedicated to the study of organizations and the analysis of business processes adopting an organizational point of view. Specifically, it is used to understand, analyze and reason about organizations and the processes they implement. The targeted organizations are those composed of entities involved throughout products' design and, to do so, following a defined business process. The range of this type of organizations is quite wide. We have thus limited our study to organizations that produce software as the final process goal, specifically IT enterprises delivering software products or services. In this context, the K-CRIO ontology could be used to model structure of the considered organizations and model human activities appearing in their business processes. This ontology could be used to support process assistance within the described organizations. More specifically, the ontology could provide means for reasoning, annotating resources, monitoring design processes, enabling searches and pro-actively proposing tips and proper content. In order to illustrate the usage of K-CRIO, we apply K-CRIO on two different processes: the Waterfall Model and the Scrum methodology. These examples are both classical software-development processes. Moreover, for Scrum, the famous agile software-development process widely used in software enterprises, we have designed and developed an intelligent assistance tool. This tool mainly helps Scrum Masters to make decision by monitoring Scrum project teams' activities within their various projects and collecting knowledge about these activities.

The work presented in this PhD thesis defines a new approach for the modeling and the conceptualization of enterprise business processes in the perspective of building intelligent assistance software tools to support these processes. The proposed approach defines an organizational ontology, named K-CRIO. Its description is based on the Ontology Web Language. To illustrate our work, an intelligent assistance system has been designed and implemented according to the result from the modeling and conceptualization of a specific business process with the K-CRIO Ontology. It is a web-based application that integrates and takes full advantage of multi-agent systems.The K-CRIO Ontology is an Ontology dedicated to the study of organizations and the analysis of business processes adopting an organizational point of view. Specifically, it is used to understand, analyze and reason about organizations and the processes they implement. The targeted organizations are those composed of entities involved throughout products' design and, to do so, following a defined business process. The range of this type of organizations is quite wide. We have thus limited our study to organizations that produce software as the final process goal, specifically IT enterprises delivering software products or services. In this context, the K-CRIO ontology could be used to model structure of the considered organizations and model human activities appearing in their business processes. This ontology could be used to support process assistance within the described organizations. More specifically, the ontology could provide means for reasoning, annotating resources, monitoring design processes, enabling searches and pro-actively proposing tips and proper content. In order to illustrate the usage of K-CRIO, we apply K-CRIO on two different processes: the Waterfall Model and the Scrum methodology. These examples are both classical software-development processes. Moreover, for Scrum, the famous agile software-development process widely used in software enterprises, we have designed and developed an intelligent assistance tool. This tool mainly helps Scrum Masters to make decision by monitoring Scrum project teams' activities within their various projects and collecting knowledge about these activities.