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By parallel reasoning with bioethics: toward unity and effectiveness in the theory and practice of environmental ethicsEggleston, John Edward January 2011 (has links)
Whether philosophy can contribute decisively towards alleviating humanity’s pressing environmental predicament I here argue in the affirmative. There are many considerations that challenge my case. Specifically, I show that environmental ethics, the subdiscipline of moral philosophy which was founded on the presumption of this possibility, has faltered. The field threatens to divide between “impractical theoretical” discourses within the academy, and “pragmatic” and largely atheoretical “practical” engagements with environmental science, policy and management.
To help environmental ethics advance beyond this dysfunctional division, I explore methodological comparisons with bioethics, the “most successful field of applied ethics”. My deliberations apply in novel ways Bartha’s model for evaluating the plausibility of scientific hypotheses that incorporate analogies. In an initial test application of Bartha’s model, I evaluate the relevance to environmental ethics of the failure of the “top-down” applied ethics approach in bioethics. I present good reasons to conclude that environmental ethics can indeed learn from this failure. I also conclude that my trial application of Bartha’s model is promising.
I then evaluate two proposals for reforms towards the greater practical effectiveness of environmental ethics. First I evaluate the plausibility of the proposal of Minteer and Collins for a new field of “ecological ethics”. They argue for the adoption of the broadly pragmatic methodological commitments now prevailing in bioethics. Because they focus primarily on supporting individual rather than collaborative processes of ethical judgment, I argue they risk facilitating an ethically pernicious “ecological paternalism” on analogy with the widely condemned practice of medical paternalism.
Second I evaluate Norton’s proposal to incorporate environmental ethics within the adaptive ecosystem management paradigm. By arguing that the tasks of seeking cultural and biophysical sustainability within spatiotemporally defined communities must be integrated, Norton offers a potentially vital interface for intelligent and just interaction between culture and wider nature. I also argue this interface may be of more general relevance to bioethics and moral and political philosophy. However, a significant theoretical challenge for Norton’s sustainability model is identified.
I argue that his model provides a thought experiment which illustrates the conceptual and practical incoherence of the primary liberal mechanisms for managing ethical conflict once these are applied to the sustainability challenge. Those mechanisms are the separation of public and private spheres and the simultaneous pursuit within private spaces of mutually exclusive conceptions of the good (and biophysically sustainable) life. I argue that rectifying this failure defines a vital, albeit daunting, theoretical and practical challenge for environmental ethics. That is to reconceptualise ethical conflict and to help design and facilitate practical processes to achieve sufficient common ethical agreement. Addressing this challenge is beyond the scope of this dissertation. However, some promising work and possibilities for further research are outlined.
I conclude that I have successfully defended the value of analogical comparison with bioethics for enhancing the unity and effectiveness of theory and practice in environmental ethics. I therefore further conclude that I am correct to affirm that philosophy can, and I believe indeed should, contribute more effectively toward alleviating humanity’s pressing environmental predicament.
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Teilhard De Chardin as response to modernity's nature-human dichotomy in environmental ethics / J. du ToitDu Toit, Jean January 2013 (has links)
Modernity as a philosophical and intellectual movement has cultivated a perspective of
humanity as separated from nature. In modernity, nature is valuable only insofar as it has
instrumental value (i.e. that it may be utilized for the benefit of humanity). This study
postulates that such an approach to the nature-human relationship may have led to
considerable environmental damage and misuse, and that the perspective of humanity as
separate from nature should be re-evaluated.
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin‟s philosophy is investigated as a possible means to overcome this
dichotomy. De Chardin describes varying ontologies that are embedded in the evolutionary
process and against which all human relevance and action must be sketched. This differs
from an evolutionistic approach, because whilst engaging with scientific discourse (which
tends to be reductionist in approach), De Chardin also incorporates spiritual and religious
ideas and perspectives. Furthermore, De Chardin‟s ideas differ from vague pantheism,
irrationally or mystically formulated, because he engages with the terminology used in
modern science and re-evaluates this terminology‟s application and conclusions in relation to
his newly developed cosmology (or cosmogenesis).
Several questions are central in this study: Firstly, could De Chardin‟s approach be
incorporated into the natural scientific discourse? Secondly, does De Chardin‟s cosmology
provide new avenues for investigation into a closer and more sustainable relationship
between humanity and the natural world? In this study it is postulated that De Chardin does
make a contribution to a more sustainable relationship between nature and humanity through
his perspective of a holistic ontology that differs from simple mysticism and his postulation
of the noosphere, which leads to a new evaluation of humanity‟s technology use. / MPhil, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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Teilhard De Chardin as response to modernity's nature-human dichotomy in environmental ethics / J. du ToitDu Toit, Jean January 2013 (has links)
Modernity as a philosophical and intellectual movement has cultivated a perspective of
humanity as separated from nature. In modernity, nature is valuable only insofar as it has
instrumental value (i.e. that it may be utilized for the benefit of humanity). This study
postulates that such an approach to the nature-human relationship may have led to
considerable environmental damage and misuse, and that the perspective of humanity as
separate from nature should be re-evaluated.
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin‟s philosophy is investigated as a possible means to overcome this
dichotomy. De Chardin describes varying ontologies that are embedded in the evolutionary
process and against which all human relevance and action must be sketched. This differs
from an evolutionistic approach, because whilst engaging with scientific discourse (which
tends to be reductionist in approach), De Chardin also incorporates spiritual and religious
ideas and perspectives. Furthermore, De Chardin‟s ideas differ from vague pantheism,
irrationally or mystically formulated, because he engages with the terminology used in
modern science and re-evaluates this terminology‟s application and conclusions in relation to
his newly developed cosmology (or cosmogenesis).
Several questions are central in this study: Firstly, could De Chardin‟s approach be
incorporated into the natural scientific discourse? Secondly, does De Chardin‟s cosmology
provide new avenues for investigation into a closer and more sustainable relationship
between humanity and the natural world? In this study it is postulated that De Chardin does
make a contribution to a more sustainable relationship between nature and humanity through
his perspective of a holistic ontology that differs from simple mysticism and his postulation
of the noosphere, which leads to a new evaluation of humanity‟s technology use. / MPhil, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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Understanding comprehensive environmental decision making with navigational aids for the 1990s and beyondTakaki, Margaret Alice January 2000 (has links)
The Comprehensive Environmental Decision Making (CEDM) paradigm developed through this research conceptualizes CEDM through a particular way of seeing a commitment to man's relationship with his environment. Previous research has explored CEDK but the idea remains ill-defined. The challenge in this research is to reestablish the guiding ideas of the government-environment-citizens matrix, while at the same time describe a meaning and means of operation suitable for environmental professionals working in industry today, where the man-environment commitment is critical to economic growth and environmental quality. In this research a meaning and means of operation begins with Lynton K. Caldwell's guiding ideas. As an avenue of implementation, government structures established through The National Environmental Policy Act and the Pollution Prevention Act provide policy reinforcement. Accepting policy as a CEDM avenue the requirements of environmental understanding, information and perception are developed through aspects of the environment and sustainable development with rational ecology ultimately providing the guideposts and criteria whereby CEDM may be judged. Citizens are those environmental professionals where an ethic is shaped through systems learning with the Environmental Management System used as a framework to establish the CEDM network of relationships in the workplace. The professional's socially binding value is hypothesized as an obligation not to do harm. With this value orientation, rational ethics and systems thinking provide guidelines that direct the professional in evaluating and optimizing policy and business structures. The CEDM paradigm is illustrated as a social choice mechanism suited to the 1990s and beyond by using case studies to apply policy directions.
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Earth tones how environmental journalism and environmental ethics influence environmental citizenship /Wall, Don. Hargrove, Eugene C., January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Texas, Aug., 2007. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.
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Umweltherrschaft und Freiheit : Naturbewertung im Anschluss an Amartya K. Sen /Scholtes, Fabian. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Tübingen. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 281-299).
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With a whole heart : nurturing an ethic of caring for Nature in the education of Australian planners /Sarkissian, Wendy. January 1996 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Murdoch University, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (86 p. ).
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School-as-community : bridging the gap to sustainability /Wooltorton, Sandra. January 2003 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2003. / Thesis submitted to the Division of Arts. Bibliography: p. 456-492.
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Biocentric theology Christianity celebrating humans as an ephemeral part of life, not the centre of it /John, Jason,, January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Flinders University, Dept of Theology. / Typescript (bound). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 357-386). Also available online.
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Personhood, discourse, emotion, and environment in a Tlingit village /Fulton, Kathryn Anne. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 592-621). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.
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