• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 3
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 4
  • 4
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Porodnické intervence ve vztahu k poruchám pánevního dna / Obstetric interventions and pelvic floor disorders

Rušavý, Zdeněk January 2016 (has links)
Obstetric interventions and pelvic floor disorders - Abstract One of the principal objectives of obstetric interventions in the second stage of labor is prevention of pelvic floor trauma and associated pelvic floor disorders. The most commonly used and also most frequently discussed interventions are manual perineal protection and episiotomy. The majority of pelvic floor disorders are of subjective nature. Therefore, tools for objectification and severity quantification of these disorders are the key to reliable comparison and identification of the most effective interventions. The aim of the dissertation was to find the most effective modification of manual perineal protection, to compare two frequently used types of episiotomy regarding all pelvic floor disorders and finally to find a consensus on the most suitable instrument for anal incontinence severity assessment. Our studies concerning manual perineal protection experimentally described the direction and extent of perineal deformation during vaginal delivery. The subsequent studies on biomechanical model demonstrated that the most effective method of manual perineal protection in peak perineal strain reduction is when the fingers are placed on the perineum 6 cm laterally and 2 cm ventrally from the posterior commissure at both sides and are...
2

Die Episiotomie in der akademischen Diskussion

Nahlik, Constance 23 August 2006 (has links)
Einleitung: Ein Eingriff, der in der heutigen Zeit sehr häufig angewandt wird, gleichzeitig aber Thema einer kontroversen wissenschaftlichen Debatte ist, ist die Episiotomie. Methode: Dieser Untersuchung liegt eine qualitative Analyse von 39 Dissertationen im Fach Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe zu Grunde, die im Zeitraum zwischen 1885 und 1996 an deutschen Hochschulen und Universitäten zum Thema Episiotomie veröffentlicht wurden. Die Doktorarbeiten wurden anhand eines Fragerasters untersucht und die Ergebnisse in Tabellenformaten zusammengefasst. Ergebnisse: Es ist festzustellen, dass eine Entwicklung weg von den Indikationen "Missverhältnis" und "Prophylaxe des Dammrisses" hin zu sehr zahlreichen und verschiedenartigen Indikationen stattgefunden hat. Details der Schnittführung werden ab 1927 so intensiv und breit diskutiert, dass dieser Punkt bis in die heutige Zeit als der Diskussionspunkt um die Episiotomie überhaupt gelten kann. Diskussion: Die Diskussion und Interpretation der Ergebnisse erfolgte nach den von Fleck postulierten Annahmen von Denkstilen, Denkkollektiven und systemimmanenten Fragestellungen der Forschenden. Ausgehend davon wurde der Untersuchungszeitraum in drei Abschnitte unterschiedlicher wissenschaftlicher Prägung unterteilt. Schlussfolgerung: Die Forschungsgegenstände, Forschungsergebnisse und auch die Interpretationen sind zeitabhängig. Eine jede Arbeit muss im Kontext ihrer Entstehungsgeschichte betrachtet werden. Somit ist jeder Forschende in zweierlei Hinsicht ein Abhängiger: Er produziert die Wissenslandschaft seiner Zeit, aber er reproduziert sie auch. / Introduction: The episiotomy is an operation applied frequently, at present, and at the same time it is a topic of a scientific controversy. Methods: This treatise is based on a qualitative analysis of 39 doctoral thesisses of obstetrics and gynocology published in the period between 1885 and 1996 at German universities und medical academies concerning the topic of episiotomy. The thesisses are analyzed by means of a pattern of questions. The results are summarized in tables. Results: The described indications change from "disproportion" and "prophylaxis of the rupture" to various indications. Details of the direction of the cut are discussed intensivly and widly, since 1927. Nowadays this is the most important point of discussion in the community. Discussion: The discussion and interpretation of the results is based on Ludwik Fleck´s postulates of thought styles, thought communities and system inherent questions of the scientists. Proceeding from this theory the mentioned period is divorsed in three phases of different scientific characters. Conclusion: The objects, results and interpretation of research depend on the scientific period. Every treatise has to be considered in the context of its genesis. Every scientist creates and reproduces the knowlegde and the ideas of his time.
3

Porodnické intervence ve vztahu k poruchám pánevního dna / Obstetric interventions and pelvic floor disorders

Rušavý, Zdeněk January 2016 (has links)
Obstetric interventions and pelvic floor disorders - Abstract One of the principal objectives of obstetric interventions in the second stage of labor is prevention of pelvic floor trauma and associated pelvic floor disorders. The most commonly used and also most frequently discussed interventions are manual perineal protection and episiotomy. The majority of pelvic floor disorders are of subjective nature. Therefore, tools for objectification and severity quantification of these disorders are the key to reliable comparison and identification of the most effective interventions. The aim of the dissertation was to find the most effective modification of manual perineal protection, to compare two frequently used types of episiotomy regarding all pelvic floor disorders and finally to find a consensus on the most suitable instrument for anal incontinence severity assessment. Our studies concerning manual perineal protection experimentally described the direction and extent of perineal deformation during vaginal delivery. The subsequent studies on biomechanical model demonstrated that the most effective method of manual perineal protection in peak perineal strain reduction is when the fingers are placed on the perineum 6 cm laterally and 2 cm ventrally from the posterior commissure at both sides and are...
4

Technické aspekty druhé doby porodní / Technical Aspects of the Second Stage of Labor

Karbanová, Jaroslava January 2019 (has links)
Obstetrical intervantion`s goal is to normalize an abnormal or pathological course of labour. In a certain case (e.g. fetal distress) this is not fully achievable. Then the goal is to accelerate the delivery without inadequate increase of risk of maternal or neonatal trauma. The aim of this dizertation thesis was to offer an up-to-date definition and to outline a proper performance of these interventions. Therefore, it was necessary to properly and timely describe the labour layout in which the accoucheur and/or the parturient happen to occurr when an intervention is to take place. It was essential to describe the quantity of perineal loading as well as to define the main vector of perineal strain and deformation. Based on the range of this deformation it was subsequently possible to adequately describe and execute some obstetrical interventions (e.g. a variety of types of episiotomy) or to evaluate a variety of modifications by means of computational modelling (e.g. manual perineal protection) that might have so tiny nuances between each other or differences that are difficult to measure because the clinical evaluation is impossible due to interindividual imprecision or very short duration of the intervention. We described the maximum strain on the perineal surface during vaginal delivery that...

Page generated in 0.0281 seconds