No description available.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of puck mass on shot velocity of female ice hockey players. The contributions of upper body strength and skill level to shot velocity were also examined. Female varsity and recreational players (n = 29, age = 21.3 yr) performed shooting tests on ice. The participants shot 20 light weight (5 oz) and 20 regulation (6 oz) pucks, using 4 different types of shots (standing wrist shot, standing slap shot, skating wrist shot, skating slap shot). The on-ice tests were followed-by 3 musculoskeletal tests; predicted 1 repetition maximum (1 RM) bench press, hand grip, and sit-ups. The light weight puck resulted in a significantly higher velocity compared to the regular weight puck (P < 0.05). The average shooting velocity was 1.4 km/h higher with the light weight puck compared to the regular puck (69.8 vs. 68.4 km/h) based on overall means (4 shots x 2 pucks). Positive correlations were found between overall shot velocity and musculoskeletal tests of hand grip (r = 0.81), predicted 1 RM bench press (r = 0.77), and sit-ups (r = 0.48). These results are discussed in relation to literature on the women's ice hockey and physiology.

This study evaluated the mechanical durability of ice hockey helmets for multiple impacts at defined energy levels. A monorail drop testing apparatus was used to conduct controlled impact tests according to the CSA standard (CAN/CSA-Z262.1-M90). Five ice hockey helmet models were tested, for a total sample of 45 helmets. All helmets were impacted up to 50 times at each of in four different locations (i.e. front, right side, back, and crown), at one of 40, 50 or 60 J of kinetic energies. In general, by increasing the impact energy, the impact acceleration attenuation properties of the helmets was decreased significantly (from 4% to 80%). Although all the helmets meet the CSA standards, attenuation properties were found to be substantially reduced beyond three repeated impacts and above 40 J impact energy. In particular, all helmets showed effective multiple impact attenuation properties at the crown, front, and rear sites; however, poor multiple impact attenuation durability was evident at the side.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-72). / xii, 89 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm

Some mounted ill. / Includes bibliography / xii, [468] leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Dept. of Engineering, University of Adelaide, 1984

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

No description available.

Thesis (Mnutr)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION Many patients seen by dietitians in Tygerberg Academic Hospital require feeding via the enteral route. Prior to this study all enteral feeds were mixed individually by hand, and production was time consuming and very labour intensive. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to compare the current method of production, with mechanised bulk production (MP) and "Ready to hang" (RTH) products, taking time, safety and cost effectiveness into consideration. MATERIALS AND METHODS A machine was designed and built to produce and decant bulk volumes of enteral feed. Production methods were evaluated and data was obtained regarding the time taken to produce a feed, and the true cost of the feeds produced. Microbiological samples were collected and the safety of all the three systems was determined and compared. RESULTS MP production time was significantly longer than hand production (HP), but MP decanting was significantly more accurate. RTH feeds cost 152% more than HP feeds, and MP feeds cost 95% of HP feeds. Seventy-one per cent of HP feeds, 74% of MP feeds and 34% of RTH feeds were contaminated just after administration had began. CONCLUSIONS Mechanisation is less labour intensive than HP and helps to decrease total costs. RTH feeds quickly become contaminated after administration decreasing their other advantages. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: IN L E ID IN G Baie van die pasiente wat deur dieetkundiges in Tygerberg hospitaal gesien word, benodig buisvoedings. Vo or hierdie studie geloots was, was alle buisvoedings by Tygerberg hospitaal met die hand gemaak. Hierdie metode is baie tydsaam en arbeidsintensief. Die doel van hierdie studie was, om die voorlopige sisteem van produksie te vergelyk met gemeganiseerde grootmaat produksie en "ready to hang" (RTH). Die studie het die volgende in ag geneenv produksietyd, mikrobiologiese veiligheid en koste effektieweteit. METODE 'n Masjien was ontwerp en gebou om grootmaat buisvoedings aan te maak en aftegiet. Produksie metodes was geevalueer en inligting bymekaar gemaak met betrekking tot produksietyd, en die ware koste van die voedings. Mikrobiologiese monsters was versamel en die mikrobiologiese veiligheid van al drie sisteme is bepaal en vergelyk. RESULTATE Produksie met die masjien was betekenisvol longer as die voedings wat met die hand gemaak was, maar die masjien het betekenisvol meer akkuraat afgemeet met afgiet. RTH voedings se koste beloop 152% meer as voedings wat met die hand gemaak word, en voedings wat deur die masjien gemaak word kos 95% van die wat met die hand gemaak is. Een en sewentig persent van die voedings wat met die hand gemaak was, 74% van die masjiengemaakte voedings en 34% van die RTH voedings was besmet net na toediening begin was. GEVOLGTREKKINGS Meganisasie is minder arbeidsintensief as voedings wat met die hand gemaak is en help om die kostes af te bring. RTH voedings word vinnig besmet met organismes na die begin van toediening en dit verminder hulle ander voordele.

The thesis focuses on fast acquisition techniques for spread spectrum packet radio communications systems. Matched filters are often used to achieve fast acquisitions. A new synchronizer using multiple acquisition detection is designed to achieve a highly reliable synchronization with a very simple receiver structure. Since PN codes, in practice, cannot be made too long due to the difficulty of manufacturing long matched filters and the limitation on the bandwidth of the frequency spectrum for the system, the reliable synchronization can be only obtained by repeating the transmission of the acquisition code at the beginning of each packet. The verification or coincidence detection is done by means of a marker detection following an acquisition. A hard-limiting synchronizer is also examined combined with the multiple acquisition detection. The hard-limiting synchronizer is simpler to implement and suitable for receiving signals with a large SNR dynamic range, but it cannot work well when multi-user interference and multi-path interference are present. For this reason, a new linear Automatic Threshold Control (ATC) synchronizer is developed for detecting signals with a large amplitude dynamic range while preserving good performance in multi-path and multi-user interference. The idea of the ATC scheme is to adjust the receiver acquisition threshold level according to the SNR of the received signal such that the largest (or the most likely) correlation peak in a short time period is selected for the synchronization alignment. Therefore false acquisitions caused by strong correlation side-lobes during the acquisition can be eliminated. For the more realistic situation where the multi-user interference or near-far effect causes severe performance degradation, we proposed a novel non-linear multi-user detector or multistage detector which is suitable for both the synchronous and asynchronous CDMA systems. This sub-optimal detector is able to achieve the performance of the optimal detector with very small computation complexity. The near-far effect will no longer exist because the interference from the unexpected users is considered to be not always harmful for the detection of a specific users' message. To apply this detection technique to asynchronous CDMA systems, acquisition for each users' PN codes becomes more critical, because during the acquisition, the information from the other users' PN code is usually not available, which means that acquisition still suffers the near-far effect. The proposed acquisition scheme based on interference cancellation technique and the ATC scheme can alleviate the near-far effect significantly, and provide the necessary condition for the appropriate operations of multi-user detectors. / Graduate

Thesis (MTech (Information Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2007 / The increasingly sedentary lifestyle of the past 30 years has contributed to declining health. Consequently, exercise is vital for good health maintenance. The global Health and Fitness Industry repeatedly indicates the need for optimally managed exercise with accurate information feedback. Compared to other industries, the fitness industry is lagging behind in incorporating Information Technology into its operations. On the other hand, the most current exercise equipment impose fixed-trajectory exercise on users with the dominance of static equipment designs. These exercise equipment are normally deadweight-based equipment. In deadweight-based exercise equipment, the weights generally can be changed only when the equipment is inactive. Therefore, a more novel exercise environment is required for current exercisers in the fitness industry. This thesis explores to develop a computer-controlled pneumatic dynamic resistance exercise equipment with onboard data management. This new technology optimises exercise effectiveness for users. Exercisers will have advanced diagnostic capacity, and will capture user data which can be manipulated into meaningful information for use by Health and Fitness Industry stakeholders. This thesis will explore all the key concepts about computer-controlled equipment. The key concepts to be investigated will include FX (force-displacement) control technology, pneumatic system control, fail-safe mechanics, and Graphical User Interface design. The primary aim of the project is to replicate and enhance the functionality, performance, and sensation of deadweight-based equipment. A further aim of the project is to investigate the feasibility of designing a compact retrofit-able pneumatic unit to replace the deadweights of existing standard exercise equipment. The computer control will be implemented on a "National Instruments PXI" computer featuring Data Acquisition and Control (DAQAC) capacity, and the software will be implemented using "LabVIEW 7.0', which is a graphic object-oriented computer language developed to facilitate hardware I software communications.