The aim of the work is to find out the application of intercrops and their influence in crop rotation in the cadastral area of Krašovice u Čížové. The first part of the thesis deals with erosion, anti-erosion measures and intercrops. In the second part there is a calculation of erosion shear on given cadastral area. The erosion of soil on the soil blocks is calculated using the Wischmeier-Smith equation (USLE). The wash is then further compared, using crop rotation and crop rotation with the application of intercrops.

The topic of my thesis deals with the proposal of erosion control measures in a model comprehensive landscaping project. Literature research is used to explanation of basic terms, to familiarization with problems of land adjustment, water erosion and erosion control measures, but also with laws and regulations. The second part is dedicated to the proposal of erosion control measures. In program ArcGIS have been identifited 16 drainpaths, for which have been calculated surface drain and proposal erosion control measures. The results are processed into clearly tables.

The thesis is focused on the evaluation of erosion risks and design solutions to selected comprehensive landscaping project. As a region of interest for the job is selected cadastral areas Rychnov u Nových Hradů and Dlouhá Stropnice, which lies in Region of South Budweis. For calculations of values is washed off using a universal soil loss equation by Wischmeier and Smith. The plots of erosion rate greater than the permissible quantity of proposed erosion control measures such as erosion control crop rotation, contour cultivation and erosion limits.

Submitted by Dener Toledo Mathias (denertm@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-30T19:09:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Dener Toledo Mathias.pdf: 16459329 bytes, checksum: e3ee47ea570a4c41bb6897a23913c1f9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-01T19:57:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mathias_dt_dr_prud.pdf: 16459329 bytes, checksum: e3ee47ea570a4c41bb6897a23913c1f9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-01T19:57:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mathias_dt_dr_prud.pdf: 16459329 bytes, checksum: e3ee47ea570a4c41bb6897a23913c1f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-15 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A ocorrência de processos erosivos lineares em cabeceiras de drenagem no contato com áreas urbanas constitui um fenômeno que, por resultar em impactos negativos sobre o meio físico e oferecer uma situação de risco à população, exige a adoção de medidas mitigadoras. Tais áreas, caracteristicamente antropizadas, exibem dinâmica processual geomorfológica complexa, marcada pela interação entre feições erosivas e morfologias tecnogênicas. A partir dessas premissas, o presente trabalho objetiva apresentar uma contribuição metodológica aplicável ao estudo dos processos erosivos ocorrentes em áreas periurbanas, visando o diagnóstico atual e a identificação das tendências evolutivas. Foi escolhido como estudo de caso um setor na periferia urbana do município de São Pedro (SP), delimitado pela alta bacia do córrego Tucum, área caracterizada por conter formas erosivas lineares e paisagem marcada por intensas intervenções. A pesquisa se fundamentou na Teoria Geral dos Sistemas aplicada à Geografia, e as técnicas empregadas envolveram a quantificação de variáveis hidrogeomorfológicas e tecnogênicas. Os dados foram obtidos experimentalmente em campo e submetidos ao tratamento em ambiente SIG, permitindo uma análise integrada dos atributos físicos. Os resultados corroboram que técnicas experimentais específicas no âmbito da geomorfologia podem ser aplicadas no contexto de áreas antropicamente perturbadas, fornecendo aporte ao entendimento da dinâmica processual. O diagnóstico gerado aponta que os processos na área encontram-se ativos e o prognóstico indica setores com maior tendência ao avanço erosivo linear, contribuindo com subsídios importantes à projetos de recuperação. / The occurrence of linear erosion in headwaters in contact with urban areas is a phenomenon that result in negative impacts on the physical environment and provide a population to risk, requires the adoption of mitigation actions. This areas exhibit a complex geomorphological dynamic process marked by interaction between erosive features and technogenic morphologies. Therefore, this work presents a methodological contribution applicable to the study of erosion in periurban areas, aiming at the current diagnosis, and identification of evolutionary trends. It was chosen as a case study a sector in the urban periphery of São Pedro (SP) delimited by the upper basin of the Tucum stream, area characterized by containing linear erosive forms and landscape marked by intense interventions. The research is based on General Systems Theory applied to Geography and the techniques employed was the quantification of hydrogeomorphological and tecnogenic variables. The data were obtained experimentally in the field and subjected to treatment in a GIS environment, allowing an integrated analysis of physical attributes. The results support that specific experimental techniques within the geomorphology can be applied in the context of anthropically disturbed areas, providing understanding of the dynamic of process. The diagnosis generated shows that the processes in the area are active and prognosis indicates sectors most prone to the erosion linear advancement, contributing with subsidies to recovery projects. / FAPESP: 2012/03745-4

The subject of the diploma thesis was the evaluation of erosion and drainage conditions in the cadastral area of Čejkovice in the Morava basin and the subsequent proposal of protective measures. The erosion analysis and the subsequent design of the protective measures were carried out in four variants depending on the increasing R factor. In conclusion, the scope of individual protective measures for each variant was evaluated.

This Master´s thesis is concentrated theoretically and practically on negative effects of rain. The aim of this work is to analyse and evaluate the erosion and drainage conditions in detail and then make proposal of erosion and flood protection. All of this refers to three land register areas (Sklenov, Rychaltice, Fryčovice) in Ondřejnice catchment area. Model analysis using ArcGIS, DesQ-MaxQ and others combined with USLE evaluation method and field exploration were used to achieve goals of this work. Proposals of erosion and torrent control were made to protect the population, nature and landscape.

This diploma thesis deals with design of soil erosion control measures and flood control measures in the cadastral area of Palkovice. The request for construction came from the village Palkovice. It sits at the foothills of Beskydy with a very sloping terrain. In addition, there are larger soil complexes without any erosion control measures, which leads to degradation and reduction of soil yields. The introduction summarizes desired objectives. Then thesis deals with the description and analysis of the current state of the village and its solution. The solution of technical measures is depicted in the situation and elaborated in more detail. The drawings are enclosed in attachment. The conclusion summarizes the content of the work, achieved goals and benefits.

The theme of the work is the creation of the characteristics of the erozních and drainage conditions in the cadastral territory of the commune and the subsequent proposal Kujavy erosion control measures. Analysis of erozion ratios was processed using GIS method of the grid. Characteristics of runoff ratios was carried out for major service area of the critical points (SPKB) using model DesQ and numbers of the CN. In the design of erosion control measures was drawn up in the economic evaluation.

Les aménagements hydro-agricoles de la vallée du fleuve Niger se dégradent à cause des externalités négatives des activités agropastorales d’amont. A ces externalités on ne peut pas appliquer la taxe pigouvienne parce qu’elles sont diffuses, difficiles à évaluer en termes monétaires. Par contre, elles peuvent être maitrisées par des aménagements antiérosifs,lesquels ne sont pas spontanément adoptés par les agro-éleveurs. Le mécanisme de paiement pour des services environnementaux a été proposé pour inciter les pratiques antiérosives au niveau local entre agro-éleveurs pauvres situés en amont et riziculteurs dégageant des surplus rizicoles et situé en aval. Dans ce contexte, les paiements pour des services environnementaux sont-ils des outils incitatifs efficaces. Pour analyser cette problématique, tous les flux agronomiques et économiques ont été modélisés. Des scénarii ont été simulés afin d’évaluer la faisabilité et l’efficacité des mécanismes de paiements pour des services antiérosifs. Les simulations suggèrent que le mécanisme de paiement est intéressant. Les paiements permettent une meilleure redistribution des bénéfices et une réduction de la pauvreté. Tous les usagers sont gagnants. Les uns subventionnent les aménagements antiérosifs et les autres les adoptent. Ils créent des services antiérosifs qui améliorent la durabilité des ressources et une amélioration des revenus des exploitants. / The irrigation schemes of the River Niger valley are degrading because of the negative externalities of the agropastoral activities in upstream. To these externalities, we cannot apply the Pigouvian tax because they are diffuse and difficult to be assessed in money terms. Conversely, they can be mastered by erosion control, but that are not spontaneously adopted by agropastoralist. Thus, the mechanism of payment for environmental services has been proposed to study and analyze the possibility for production a sustained services of control erosion at the local level between poor agropastoralists and rice growers who realize production surpluses. Payments for environmental services are incentive tools, which are original and effective in producing sustained services. Flows of agricultural and economic interests have been modeled. Many scenarios have been simulating in order to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of payment mechanisms for erosion control services. The simulations show that the mechanism of payment was interesting between local users. The payment has made a better redistribution of profits and has alleviated poverty. All users are winners. Some users subsidize for an anti-erosion and other users have adopted them. They have created a sustainable anti-erosion service that has supported a more sustainable management of resources and has improved farm incomes.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:48:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlindoABN_DISSERT.pdf: 3710968 bytes, checksum: c4cde6ddc0e6d0da8c608ea0713d3c5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-21 / O controle sobre os processos erosivos ? uma necessidade constatada em v?rios segmentos da engenharia. A movimenta??o de terra necess?ria para a execu??o de taludes rodovi?rios, por exemplo, pode resultar em taludes de corte ou aterro vulner?veis ? eros?o superficial. Dentre as alternativas tecnol?gicas para controle de eros?o a utiliza??o de geossint?ticos se apresenta como uma solu??o potencial. A referida aplica??o encontra-se em amplo desenvolvimento em alguns pa?ses como, por exemplo, nos EUA. No Brasil, a especifica??o de geossint?ticos para controle de eros?o ? limitada pela aus?ncia de caracteriza??o desses produtos e de normas nacionais, sendo a ?nica fonte t?cnica de informa??o, os cat?logos dos fabricantes. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho ? construir um equipamento e desenvolver m?todos de ensaio para caracteriza??o e avalia??o de geossint?ticos utilizados no controle de eros?o superficial, com base na ASTM D7101. Al?m de um simulador de chuvas, o equipamento ? composto por uma bancada de testes formada por: rampa de escoamento, mesa de suporte e n?cleos de solo. Utilizando a bancada constru?da, foram realizados ensaios para avaliar o funcionamento do equipamento e o desempenho de uma geomanta na redu??o da taxa de eros?o superficial. Os ensaios foram realizados com intensidades de precipita??o de 100 ? 4mm/h e 150 ? 4mm/h, durante 30 minutos, com intervalo de leitura de 5 minutos. Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios sem a presen?a da geomanta mostraram uma perda de solo acentuada durante as chuvas simuladas, com uma iv tend?ncia de crescimento linear da perda de solo acumulada em fun??o do tempo de ensaio. Nos ensaios realizados com a presen?a da geomanta observou-se a a??o de prote??o do geossint?tico com uma redu??o da ordem de 90% da perda de solo acumulada para todas as intensidades de chuvas utilizadas / O controle sobre os processos erosivos ? uma necessidade constatada em v?rios segmentos da engenharia. A movimenta??o de terra necess?ria para a execu??o de taludes rodovi?rios, por exemplo, pode resultar em taludes de corte ou aterro vulner?veis ? eros?o superficial. Dentre as alternativas tecnol?gicas para controle de eros?o a utiliza??o de geossint?ticos se apresenta como uma solu??o potencial. A referida aplica??o encontra-se em amplo desenvolvimento em alguns pa?ses como, por exemplo, nos EUA. No Brasil, a especifica??o de geossint?ticos para controle de eros?o ? limitada pela aus?ncia de caracteriza??o desses produtos e de normas nacionais, sendo a ?nica fonte t?cnica de informa??o, os cat?logos dos fabricantes. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho ? construir um equipamento e desenvolver m?todos de ensaio para caracteriza??o e avalia??o de geossint?ticos utilizados no controle de eros?o superficial, com base na ASTM D7101. Al?m de um simulador de chuvas, o equipamento ? composto por uma bancada de testes formada por: rampa de escoamento, mesa de suporte e n?cleos de solo. Utilizando a bancada constru?da, foram realizados ensaios para avaliar o funcionamento do equipamento e o desempenho de uma geomanta na redu??o da taxa de eros?o superficial. Os ensaios foram realizados com intensidades de precipita??o de 100 ? 4mm/h e 150 ? 4mm/h, durante 30 minutos, com intervalo de leitura de 5 minutos. Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios sem a presen?a da geomanta mostraram uma perda de solo acentuada durante as chuvas simuladas, com uma iv tend?ncia de crescimento linear da perda de solo acumulada em fun??o do tempo de ensaio. Nos ensaios realizados com a presen?a da geomanta observou-se a a??o de prote??o do geossint?tico com uma redu??o da ordem de 90% da perda de solo acumulada para todas as intensidades de chuvas utilizadas