Software piracy, the illegal and unauthorized duplication, sale, or distribution of software, is a widespread and costly phenomenon. According to the Business Software Alliance, more than one third of the PC software packages installed worldwide in 2006 were unauthorized copies. This behavior costs the software industry billions of lost dollars in revenue annually. Software piracy behavior has been investigated for more than thirty years. However, there are two voids in the literature: lack of studies in Non-Western countries and scarcity of process studies. As such, this study contributes to the literature by developing a software piracy model to understand the decision making process that underlies this illegal behavior among Jordanian university students. Based on a literature review in various disciplines, including social psychology, psychology, and criminology, several important variables have been incorporated into the proposed model. The model was tested using data collected from a sample of 323 undergraduate business students. The resulting data was analyzed by two main statistical techniques, structural equation modeling (SEM) and hierarchical multiple regression. The results indicated that the model was useful in predicting students' intention to pirate software. Seven out of eight hypotheses were supported. Consistent with The Theory of Reasoned Action, attitudes toward software piracy and subjective norms were significant predictors of intention to pirate software. However, our findings are inconsistent with previous studies with regard to the relative importance of attitude and subjective norms; subjective norms had a stronger effect. Also, the results suggested that ethical ideology, public self-consciousness, and low self-control moderated the effect of these variables on intention to pirate software. Lastly, the results indicated that the effect of subjective norms on afintention to pirate software was both direct and indirect through attitudes. The results have important practical implications for the software industry and governments to curtail software piracy. Limitations of the study and recommendations for future studies are discussed as well.

<p>The aim of this research was to examine whether a significant relationship exists between ethical decision-making had an impact on HR employees within a retail organisation. The questionnaire for the South African Board for People Practices, and the Ethical Position Questionnaire was administered to a sample of 150 employees in a large retail organisation within the Western Cape &ndash / South Africa. The researcher used a non-probability sampling technique specifically, a convenience sampling approach. The results of this study indicate that there is a statistically significant correlation between moral awareness and decision-making amongst HR employees. However with regards to gender there seems to be no statistical significant relationship amongst HR employees and ethical decision-making. Similarly results also indicated that there was no significant relationship between ethical ideology and ethical decision-making. Notwithstanding the limited generalisability of this study, implications for research and practice are suggested and recommendations are made to facilitate improved functioning.</p>

<p>The aim of this research was to examine whether a significant relationship exists between ethical decision-making had an impact on HR employees within a retail organisation. The questionnaire for the South African Board for People Practices, and the Ethical Position Questionnaire was administered to a sample of 150 employees in a large retail organisation within the Western Cape &ndash / South Africa. The researcher used a non-probability sampling technique specifically, a convenience sampling approach. The results of this study indicate that there is a statistically significant correlation between moral awareness and decision-making amongst HR employees. However with regards to gender there seems to be no statistical significant relationship amongst HR employees and ethical decision-making. Similarly results also indicated that there was no significant relationship between ethical ideology and ethical decision-making. Notwithstanding the limited generalisability of this study, implications for research and practice are suggested and recommendations are made to facilitate improved functioning.</p>

Magister Psychologiae - MPsych / The aim of this research was to examine whether a significant relationship exists between ethical decision-making had an impact on HR employees within a retail organisation. The questionnaire for the South African Board for People Practices, and the Ethical Position Questionnaire was administered to a sample of 150 employees in a large retail organisation within the Western Cape - South Africa. The researcher used a non-probability sampling technique specifically, a convenience sampling approach. The results of this study indicate that there is a statistically significant correlation between moral awareness and decision-making amongst HR employees. However with regards to gender there seems to be no statistical significant relationship amongst HR employees and ethical decision-making. Similarly results also indicated that there was no significant relationship between ethical ideology and ethical decision-making. Notwithstanding the limited generalisability of this study, implications for research and practice are suggested and recommendations are made to facilitate improved functioning. / South Africa

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企業的營運範圍日趨國際化，媒體更繁複多元，並面臨更多面向的利益群體關注，對外關係的經營已不能只應用傳統的行銷策略，更須以公司層級的無形資產與社會資本建立起公司聲譽，方能保留並持續吸收資源，建立永續的競爭優勢。是故，近年來媒體經常報導的企業社會責任的議題，不但是許多利害關係人關注的焦點，更是公司經營與競爭優勢建立時不可忽視的策略性決策。 本研究透過第一階段調查法以及第二階段實驗法，共計發放536份問卷，並經由回歸分析、變異數分析等得出研究結論如下： 1.將企業社會責任作為歸類為利他型、規範型與平衡需求型，其中如消費者對於法令規範企業該做到的事項如「產品價格與說明標示皆為正確的」、「給予員工之薪資至少為法律規定的最低薪資」、「遵守當地政府的法令與規範」等皆視為規範型。 2.消費者對於有做社會責任之企業，其企業社會責任認知較沒做到企業社會責任的企業來的高，而利他型、規範型與平衡需求型對企業社會責任資訊與認知的調節效果則不存在。 3.消費者對企業社會責任的認知正向影響消費者對公司的認同。 4.消費者－公司認同為企業社會責任認知與購買意願的部份中介因子。 5.消費者對於有做企業社會責任公司的認同感受到對企業社會責任議題支持與個人道德標準的調節。 / The scope of business is going to be international, and the media runs in more complex ways, which makes more stakeholders pay attention to it. Now companies cannot just use the traditional marketing strategies to build up the relationships with outside stakeholders ,which turns out to use the corporate level strategies like intangible assets and social capital to solid the corporate reputation, keep retaining resources and establish sustainable competitive advantages. Therefore, the topic of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is not only what stakeholders care about but also a strategic decision when companies run and build competitive advantages. This research through two stages including survey and experiment and then use regression analysis and ANOVA analysis to the following results: 1.Classifying the corporate social responsibilities to “Altruism”,” Norms”, and “Balancing Needs”, for example, “The products’ price and instructions are both correct” belongs to “Norms”. 2.Consumers’ CSR perception is higher in the companies doing CSR than those not. But the moderate effect of different type (“Altruism”,” Norms”, and “Balancing Needs”) doesn’t exist between CSR information and CSR perception. 3.Consumers’ CSR perception positively affects Consumer-Company Identification. 4.Consumer-Company Identification is a partial mediator between Consumers’ CSR perception and purchase intention. 5.CSR support and ethical ideology moderate the relationship between Consumers’ CSR perception and Consumer-Company Identification.