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This thesis presents the spilling over effect resulting from the foreign direct investment with a focus on the manufacturing firms. It covers extensive econometric analysis based the Central Statistics Agency's (CSA) survey on the manufacturing firms and an Input-Output matrix done by the Ethiopian Development Research Institute (EDRI). A pooled, Fixed and Random Effect estimation techniques are employed for estimating the log transferred production function augmented for the spillover proxies: Backward, Forward and Horizontal. Yet, as is stated in a lot of literatures like that of Javorcik (2004), the Cobb-Douglas production function suffers from the endogeneity problem and there is a need for a better estimation technique that can capture and solve this problem. As a result, I also used the Levinsohn-Petrin estimation technique, which used intermediate inputs as a proxy for unobservable shocks and the residuals from this estimate used as a measure of total factor productivity (TFP) of the firm. The TFP analysis from the LP estimation suggests that a one percentage point increase in the foreign presence in the downstream sectors is associated with the 1.1 percent rise in the total output of each supplying industries. Likewise, a one percentage point increase in the weighted share of output in the...

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This thesis consists of three inter-related empirical papers. It examines the gender dimensions of rural land reform process and impacts by exploring the accessibility and benefits of land-use certificates for female household heads vis-à-vis male household heads in the Amhara region of Ethiopia. The existing literature lacks a gender lens of the reform process and impacts. The first paper examines the factors that determine which lands are included in the household's land-use certificate (status of certification), when during the reform process they become included (timing of certification), and whether there are gender differentials in each of these outcomes. The findings show that there was gender bias in the rural land reform process of the Amhara region in terms of both outcomes. The second paper examines the impact of land-use certificates and socioeconomic factors on household perceived tenure security by gender. The findings suggest that what consistently matters more for enhancing perceived tenure security of both male, and particularly female household heads is possession of legal documented rights to land holdings i.e. land-use certificates. The impact of socioeconomic factors such as male presence in the household, mode of production or land use do not seem to be relevant for determining the perceived tenure security of male and female household heads. The third paper examines the impact of land-use certificates and socioeconomic factors on land related investments by gender. The findings suggest that land-use certificates are significant determinants for enhancing land investments among both male and female household heads, although a relatively lesser impact on the latter group is observed. While the findings show that land-use certificates are important for enhancing land related investments, the results also suggest that the impact of socioeconomic factors are relevant for the female household heads such as renting-out land, and male presence in the household.

Thesis (LLM. (Law and Development)) -- University of Limpopo, 2011

This study was concerned with developing a strategy for the Ethiopian Tourism Industry. The literature review attempted to show the significance of tourism to any country, and more appropriately to developing countries. Field research was conducted in Ethiopia to obtain secondary data applicable to the study and to conduct interviews with various officials. Survey questionnaires were administered in Ethiopia, in Sub Saharan African countries and in Australia to elicit perceptions of Ethiopia as a tourist destination. The study contributes in various ways. First, it is the first of its kind to thoroughly investigate Ethiopia's tourism development process. Second, it has looked into the concept of tourism from many angles - strategic, marketing, promotional, infrastructure, environmental, etc. Finally, the strategic models developed for the Ethiopian Tourism industry by incorporating a strategic planning process at various levels can also be used by other less developed countries in their efforts to develop tourism.

This thesis is an investigation into the Ethiopian Civil Society, with a focus on Muslims’participation and activities. This research is the result of a series of interviews carried on in AddisAbaba during my staying there thank to a scholarship from Pavia University.Chapter One is a general introduction of the study, presenting the object, the methodology anduse of sources as well as the state of the current research of the topics covered by this research.Chapter Two is a framework chapter about Islām in Ethiopia offering an historical perspective aswell as focusing on its characteristics and current developments. Chapter Three deals withEthiopian Civil Society characteristics and with its legal framework. Chapter Four constitutes thecore of this research: in it, I collected the findings of my research describing the presence ofMuslims into Ethiopian Civil Society. I analyzed the activities and characteristics of the differentorganizations and associations that I met in Addis Ababa, their self-representation concerningtheir being related with Islām and their opinions on Muslims’ marginalization and lack of nonpoliticizationin Ethiopia. A set of conclusions constitutes the last section of the thesis.

Ethiopia is a nation endowed with huge amount of water, wind, solar and geothermal energy potentials.However, regardless of its enormous potentials the energy system is highly dependent on traditional fossilfuels and biomass and only about 32% of the nation‟s population has access to electricity. Given this fact,the country has engaged itself in unprecedented multimillion dollar energy projects in recent years.However, some of the projects and the construction of huge dams have raised controversy oversustainability issues. In this thesis work, the potentials and opportunities of the Ethiopian energy systemsand the sustainability of the ongoing and planned energy projects are discussed. Their social,environmental and economic implications are also addressed based on an in depth literature review. Asurvey was also conducted through questionnaire to research people‟s opinion on the current projects andtheir implications and results were interpreted using Web HIPRE software. It is concluded that thesurveyed group, selected and contacted randomly, believe that the economy is the most important aspectfor the country to consider giving it a weight of 43% over the social (29%) and environmental (28%)aspects. The Web HIPRE analysis also showed that respondents support the current hydropower projectson the Gibe River. Different important stakeholder such as farmers, fishermen and other inhabitants of thearea who are directly affected (positively or negatively) by the projects and also people from EEPCo andother concerned bodies such as policy makers are not included in this survey due to communicationproblems to gather data. The inclusion of data from such key stakeholder could have potentially changedthe outcome of the survey. It is also concluded that while there are lots of rooms for improvements on theprojects (prior and post construction), some of the criticisms encircling the project seem to lack allrounded understanding of the social and economic needs of the country as well as the long term ecosystemimplications of the projects. It is also concluded that Ethiopia, if it uses its energy potentials properly,could not only meet its energy demands but also be a giant energy supplier to east African nations in a few years.

This thesis examines the best system for health professions regulation in Ethiopia with a view to sketch the roles of state and non-state actors in that system. It argues for statist regulation as self-regulation is worrisome for its tendency to promote private interest instead over public protection. A statist regulation is an efficient system that is more capable of establishing accountable and procedurally fair processes and strengthening public trust than a system of self-regulation. But the state lacks capacity, expertise, and legitimacy, and risks capture and corruption. These could be resolved through an enforcement strategy rooted in responsive regulation theory. That strategy should emphasize soft regulatory instruments, which requires utilization of the capacity and motivation of non-state actors, particularly health professional associations. A statist regulatory framework that harnesses the contribution of non-state actors in implementing soft regulatory strategies would effectively protect patients and improve the quality of health care services in Ethiopia.