Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:33:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosana Maria de Camargo.pdf: 2003293 bytes, checksum: 92e671bf00259dc75e91f4ed93b0c65a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The current research investigates the actions and the preparation of teaching materials for teacher training of the two Centers of São Paulo Afro-Brazilian Studies during the period from 2003 to 2013, in concordance to legislation 10.639/03. The objective of this research is to identify the tendencies (thematic/conceptual/methodological) that guide the production of these materials. The inclusion in the school syllabus of the ethnic and cultural diversity topic is analysed in the educational materials with a theoretical frame of reference from Goodson and Popkewitz. The hypothesis presented is that the prevalence of a racial democracy myth, together with the school curricular policy in the specific period and the actions and productions of the mentioned centers, have projected the promotion of racial equality policies and given teachers the opportunity to have a critical comprehension of the historical, political and cultural dimensions concerning the inclusion of this topic in the school materials. However, evidence from the analyses conducted in this research show that little has changed in the pedagogical methods / A presente pesquisa investiga as ações e elaboração de materiais didáticos para a formação de professores de dois Núcleos de Estudos Afro-Brasileiros paulistas, no período de 2003 a 2013, em articulação com a Lei 10.639/03. Tem por objetivos identificar as tendências (temáticas/conceituais/metodológicas) que nortearam as produções de materiais didáticos realizadas por esses Núcleos. A inclusão da temática da diversidade étnico- cultural no currículo escolar é analisada nos materiais didáticos, apoiada por um referencial teórico em que destacam-se nas reflexões sobre currículo Goodson e Popkewitz. Parte-se da hipótese de que a permanência do mito da democracia racial, associa-se com a política curricular adotada no período, bem como de que as ações/produções dos Núcleos selecionados, têm impulsionado as políticas de promoção da igualdade racial e possibilitado aos professores a reflexão critica e compreensão da dimensão histórica, política e cultural do ensino desta temática. Todavia pareceu-nos que a pratica pedagógica pouco mudou como tentamos evidenciar nas análises realizadas

La diversité reflète le fait que les membres d’une communauté diffèrent selon certaines caractéristiques, liées à l'origine ethnique, au statut socio-économique ou à la culture. L’essor du commerce et l'intégration économique placent les sociétés modernes face à des niveaux de diversité croissants. Cette thèse évalue l’impact social et économique de la diversité locale. elle montre comment la diversité d’un quartier influe sur les conditions de vie et les perspectives d'emploi de ses habitants. Ce travail contribue à la littérature de trois façons: il examine des questions inexplorées à un niveau très local, révèle les mécanismes sous-jacents et fournit de nouvelles méthodes pour aborder la question de l'endogénéité. Le chapitre 1 montre que la diversité des origines a un effet négatif sur la qualité des biens publics locaux, du fait d’actes de vandalisme liés à un manque de pression des pairs, et du fait de l'échec de l'action collective qui permettrait une gestion efficace de la propriété. Aucun effet robuste sur la sécurité publique n’est à noter. Le chapitre 2 révèle que l'effet du chômage sur la criminalité a une dimension spatiale. Pour les crimes économiques, le taux de chômage des quartiers environnants a un effet plus fort que celui du voisinage immédiat, l'inverse étant vrai pour vandalisme. Le chapitre 3 montre que les personnes vivant dans un quartier plus diversifié ont des perspectives d'emploi inférieures, cet effet étant plus lié à la dimension culturelle qu’ethnique de la diversité. Le chapitre 4 développe un modèle rationalisant le recours des minorités ethniques à l'économie informelle en réponse à des conditions défavorables sur le marché du travail. / Diversity reflects the extent to which members of a given community share different characteristics, usually pertaining to ethnicity, socio-economic status or even culture. As a result of trade development and economic integration, modern societies have to cope with increasing levels of diversity, both in terms of origins and social statuses. The purpose of this dissertation is to assess the social and economic impacts of local diversity. More precisely, this thesis shows how neighborhood level diversity affects individuals’ living conditions and employment prospects. This work contributes to the existing literature in three ways: it examines unexplored issues at a very local level, gives new insights about the underlying mechanisms and provides new methods to address the endogeneity issue. Chapter 1 shows that diversity in terms of origins has a negative effect on the quality of local public goods, due to vandalism, not deterred by social policing, and due to collective action failure to ensure effective property management. However, it has no robust effect on public safety. Chapter 2 reveals that the effect of unemployment on crime has a spatial dimension: for economic crimes the effect of unemployment rate in surrounding neighborhoods is stronger than that of the immediate neighborhood, while the reverse holds for vandalism. Chapter 3 shows that people living in a diverse neighborhood face lower employment prospects, but that this effect is more related to cultural (e.g. language) diversity than to ethnic diversity. Chapter 4 develops a model rationalizing the fact that ethnic minorities turn to the informal economy in response to adverse labor market conditions.